Roof installation is a complex undertaking that includes not only the installation of a roofing and drainage system. Most houses are designed taking into account the necessary projection of the roof on all sides relative to the facade of the task. This technology serves as additional protection for walls and foundations from rain and other atmospheric phenomena. And since there is such an overhang, it means that it needs to be decorated decoratively in order to protect the rafters and sheathing from moisture and give the house a complete appearance. How the roof overhangs are hemmed, what materials and components can be used - we will explain below.
Cornice and pediment overhangs and their purpose
Depending on the shape of the roof of the house, roof outlets can be implemented both in the eaves area (hip and hipped structures) and on the gable side (gable roofs).
Eaves overhang formed by a rafter system protruding relative to the walls of the house at a certain distance. Its value is determined by the project or can be set at the request of the developer. If there are additional vertical supports, the eaves outlet can serve as a canopy over the porch or a small veranda.
Gable overhang performed from the end (side) side of the building. Its optimal width is 60-70 cm, the minimum is 30, the maximum is no more than 100 cm. The load-bearing element for the outlet is the roof sheathing, so it is not recommended to make it too wide.
Roof extension options: on the left - cornice, on the right - pediment In both cases, overhangs serve not only as a decorative finishing element for finishing the house, but also protect the walls, base and foundation of the building from excessive wetting. This point is especially important when using plaster as a façade material, which is more sensitive to moisture. Therefore, it is necessary to hem the gables and cornices under the roof. Otherwise, the protruding part of the roofing “pie” becomes vulnerable to rain and wind. Exposed wood construction and insulation may deteriorate. Strong gusts of wind in an unprotected place can weaken the roofing fasteners or completely tear off the material. Proper finishing of the overhanging part of the roof does not require further maintenance over a long period of operation.
Types of cornice filing
In accordance with the architectural preferences of the developer, the installation of roof lining along the eaves can be done in two ways.
- Along the rafter system (without box)
- Perpendicular to the wall of the house.
In the first case, the rafter legs extending beyond the walls are lined from the inside with lathing for further decoration of the overhang with a board or soffits. Thus, it looks more aesthetically pleasing due to the natural continuation of the roof.
Option for hemming along rafters But this method is not always convenient, because... Most specialized finishing materials and components are made for the horizontal finishing option, where the roof overhang and the wall are located perpendicular (at an angle of 90 degrees) to each other. To do this, a special box is mounted, onto which finishing material is subsequently stuffed.
Roof release with box In the photo on the left, the cornice box ends flush with the wall, and on the right it continues to the gable projection.
Materials for finishing overhangs
On the construction market, elements for decorating overhangs are presented in a wide range. The main raw materials for manufacturing include metal, PVC (plastic/vinyl) and wood. All over the world, ready-made soffits with the necessary set of accessories for convenient and quick installation are very popular. In addition to ease of installation, the advantages of this material include a variety of colors and durability.
Steel elements are manufactured to order in the form of panels ranging from 0.5 to 8 meters in length. You can also purchase finished products in standard sizes: 2.4 and 3 meters (values are multiples of the overhang width of 600 and 500 mm, respectively).
In appearance, the material most often imitates natural timber or boards. The width of the panel depends on the profile and varies between 240-305 mm. The most famous are double and triple soffits.
Types of metal spotlights: on the left - double, on the right - triple profile The image shows that all elements have perforations - small holes located partially or over the entire area of the material. Their purpose is to allow air to flow through the eaves into the under-roof space. Read more about the natural circulation of air under the roof in the material “Counter grill: dependence on the slope and length of the roof slope.” The article describes in detail all the main points, indicates the dependence of the required area of the eaves overhang openings on the value of the roof area.
Perforated soffits are only necessary when installing cornices. Finishing of outlets on the gable side can be done with products without ventilation holes.
Several types of metal soffits are known:
- Copper;
- Made of galvanized steel with a polymer coating (for types of polymers, see);
- Aluminum. Also available with a colored layer.
Recommended thickness is from 0.45 to 0.5 mm. Galvanized and aluminum materials with paint and varnish coating are manufactured in a wide range of colors from the RAL and RR catalogs, as well as with patterns and textures like wood, brick or stone.
Plastic soffits
Plastic soffits are the most popular due to their low price and ease of installation. Based on their composition, they are divided into two types: vinyl (PVC - polyvinyl chloride) and acrylic (improved using special polymers). They are mainly produced in lengths of 3 m and widths of 0.305 m with three sections.
According to the ventilation properties, plastic panels differ in:
- Perforated (all 3 sections have holes);
- With partial perforation (holes only in the central section);
- Solid (no perforation).
Types of plastic spotlights Decorating the roof overhang with corrugated sheets
A more economical option relative to those outlined above. As additional elements, you can use accessories from a metal soffit. The most attractive profile is C-8 (or 10) or an ordinary colored flat sheet. High profile sheet (20, 21, etc.) will not work in this case. The disadvantage of this option is the lack of ventilation sections, so you will have to install additional supply grilles.
Ventilation grilles in the filing Also, unlike ready-made panels, fastenings on a metal sheet will be noticeable. It is better to connect them together with screws with a press washer in the color of the corrugated sheet, or with short roofing screws (4.8x19 mm).
Wooden binder
Here, moisture-resistant wood species are used as material: the most popular and affordable are larch and aspen. Installation should not be particularly difficult. The only thing you need to understand is that natural resources tend to change their geometric dimensions over time, which can affect the appearance of the object being developed. The rule applies to OSB and moisture-resistant plywood.
Open rafters
Many people prefer not to use any additional materials at all. In places where the roof is removed, a continuous sheathing is nailed, which will hide the roof from prying eyes. The rafters are trimmed evenly and, if necessary, treated with decorative moisture-resistant varnish or paint.
Overhang design without additional materials To implement this method, you need to make the correct sheathing at the stage of constructing the roof.
Soffit installation instructions. Two ways + video
Before starting work, you need to familiarize yourself with the components for the spotlights. Some additional elements are used when installing siding. For example, an external corner or a final (finishing) profile. Typically the corner size is 50x50 mm, the length of the elements is 3 m.
External corner and finishing profile There are also specialized accessories for installing spotlights: a J-chamfer (“jay” or “ji”) is used for the end finishing, and a J-profile is used to fasten the panel in the corner of the wall.
J-chamfer and J-profile Depending on preferences and conditions, the end technology can be made in three combinations.
In the first option, we use a combined J-chamfer and finishing profile.
1st method: finishing the end using a j-chamfer It must be taken into account that the j-bevel is usually produced in a width of 200 mm. This value should be sufficient. Otherwise, you need to use the methods below. If the width of the end is smaller, cut off the excess part from the strip and insert it into the originally installed finishing strip.
If the end is too wide, you can use an alternative option using an external corner. And also install a soffit on the vertical area.
2nd option using an external corner And finally, another combination in which we replace the outer corner with a J-profile. The method is the most cost-effective, because The j-bar is 4 times lower than the cost of the angle.
3rd option: installation with J-profile For corner connections between the spotlights, you can use an H-profile or two J-profiles.
Soffit corner connections 1. Installation of horizontal roof outlet using a box
We will step by step consider the installation of soffits with an extension located perpendicular to the wall. To do this, you need to prepare a special box that will support the entire structure of the binder. We fix the block to the wall so that its edge is flush with the bottom point of the rafter.
Box installation diagram Next, we nail a front board or several, depending on the width, to the end of the rafters. We measure the distance from the wall to the front board: this is exactly the size that the soffits need to be cut. We perform hemming according to the instructions outlined above.
2. Overhang filing without frame
To decorate the roof with plastic elements, you will need the following tools: level, pencil, tape measure, corner, screwdriver, knife, hammer, hacksaw and cord.
Step-by-step example of filing with siding or soffit. The work is carried out from the inside of the rafters, without installing a box. Materials used: siding and soffit with central perforation and white color, external corner, J-profile, self-tapping screw with press washer 4.2*16 galvanized sharp (for wood), nails, edged board 25 * 120 mm.
Before installation, make sure that the rafters are cut at the same distance and parallel to the plane of the house wall.
To begin with, we pull the cord along the bottom from the first to the last rafter leg. This will show us at what level it is better to install the front board. In this case, the width was two boards with a small gap. We fix them with nails to the ends of the rafters. Now you need to install the outer corner for further installation of siding. We fix the bar with self-tapping screws and a press washer. Correct installation is easier to control with a stretched cord. A combined chamfer is not suitable for this option, because designed for soffit installation at 90 degrees relative to the end.
Installing an outside corner for siding and soffit When the corner is installed, you can start installing the siding panels at the end. Cut it to the required length. As a rule, the length is equal to the width of the rafter cut. It is better to prepare two or three pieces at a time, as the sizes may vary slightly. When installing vertically, ensure that it is secured with a lock. We also fasten each panel with self-tapping screws. The lower part will “fit” into the corner, and the upper part can be placed under the cornice strip or a finishing profile can be installed.
We attach siding panels to the end of the rafter system To decorate the lower overhang, it is better to use soffits (in this case, triple ones with central perforation). It is installed similarly to siding. One end is inserted into the outer corner, and the other into the J-profile. The panels are snapped together using a locking connection. They are attached to the sheathing with PSh self-tapping screws. It is convenient to cut the panels using ordinary metal scissors or a hacksaw.
Soffit from the eaves side Installation of roof ends
Hemming on the pediment side, unlike the cornice, is carried out at a right angle to the wall of the house. Therefore, the installation of the ends can be done using a J-chamfer or an external corner. The developer decides which option to choose. Sometimes such an element can be a roof wind strip, provided that the width of the bottom shelf is sufficient.
Wind strip and chamfer from the end of the house Video instruction
For clarity and taking into account all the subtleties of the installation of plastic soffits, we suggest watching the video. The material succinctly outlines the points for installing roof overhangs and installing panels from the VOX company.
When the installation of the roof covering has come to an end, work begins on sheathing the roof overhang. This is done not only to ensure ventilation of the roof and protection of the facade, but also to give the final appearance of the building. The roof edge plays a special role in the efficient functioning of the entire roof. What is a roof eaves? How to make a roof cornice? How to hem a cornice? The answers to these questions are extremely important for those who are looking forward to filing the roof eaves with their own hands, so their consideration should be given special attention.
There are now many options for lining roof eaves, but before that it is worth recalling what it is – a cornice. The eaves overhang is the protrusion of the rafters beyond the façade of the building. It can be simple or take-out. The first option is simpler to implement, but in strong winds it can hum quite noisily; overhangs with extensions do not have such problems. There are 2 types of eaves overhang - frontal and side.
Front roof cornice
This type of overhang perfectly protects the facade of the house. It is presented in the form of the side edges of the inclined roof slopes; the hip roof does not have them. The front overhang of a standard gable roof is created by releasing load-bearing crossbars attached to the rafters. Quite often you can see a frontal cornice formed by sheathing boards that are placed on a vapor barrier under the roofing material. The cornice board is fixed on them, which is later sheathed with soffit or corrugated sheeting.
Side roof cornice
All sloping roofs have a side overhang. It is performed using rafters that extend beyond the walls of the building. The distance of their protrusion is calculated from the width of the blind area and the height of the house, usually it is about 0.5-0.7 meters, sometimes there are bevels of narrower sizes. In this case, the wall of the building must be well protected from the wind, because otherwise, under slanting rain, it will not be able to avoid getting very wet. Another option to correct the situation is to install fillets, this way you can increase the length of the rafters. Such a process is extremely labor-intensive, and with a roof already completed, few people would want to open it again and redo everything. So it is especially important to provide for the required size of the roof overhang at the initial stage of construction. The rafters are connected to each other by boards along the entire length of the cornice. Subsequently, they are covered with facing material.
Selecting materials for lining roof eaves
What does roof siding look like? How is the roof eaves finished with siding? What should you consider before starting work on the roof? This is just a small part of the questions that people ask themselves before choosing a material for cladding. Today on the market there is a huge assortment of various materials with which the cornice is finished. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages, but they can all fully protect against moisture, provide insulation and ventilation of the roof.
Important! When choosing a particular material, you should pay attention not only to its beautiful appearance, you also need to take into account the length of its service life.
Corrugated sheet
This material is galvanized steel with a polymer coating of various colors. Well resistant to temperature changes and mechanical damage, corrugated sheeting has the necessary rigidity and is able to withstand significant wind loads. To ensure effective ventilation, a gap of wave height is made between the corrugated sheeting and the wall of the building.
Soffits
This material is designed specifically for lining the eaves on the roof. These are, in fact, plastic panels that look like siding, but they already have ventilation holes. And covering the eaves with siding is now very common. In addition, they differ from ordinary siding in that they contain ultraviolet stabilizers that protect the coating from the negative effects of sunlight.
It is worth considering the various materials used to make soffits:
- Copper soffits. This externally aesthetic and presentable material is quite durable, but its price is higher than most similar materials. Copper soffits are highly resistant to fire and durable, which makes them even more attractive to choose.
- Aluminum soffits. As befits products made from this material, aluminum soffits are lightweight, they are also fire-resistant, elastic, and easy to replace during repairs. Due to the high paint resistance, the color saturation of such soffits does not change under the influence of ultraviolet rays. Their only drawback is the scarcity of colors - it includes only white and brown.
- Galvanized soffits. They do not require additional maintenance and are extremely durable, strong, and besides, these soffits are not afraid of fire and moisture. They weigh quite a lot, so installing such spotlights will take more time.
- Vinyl soffits. This is the cheapest and most popular option for soffits for lining roofing eaves. They are lightweight, provide excellent protection from the influence of the external environment, are visually attractive, easy to install, and also create a fabric without seams, thereby ensuring optimal ventilation of the space under the roof. Today they are made of fire-resistant plastic that can withstand heavy loads.
Installation of spotlights from any material is quite simple and can be done by one person.
Edged boards and wooden lining
Wood is still often used for lining roof eaves. Since it is installed outside the house, the influence of the environment in this case is great, so the choice of this material must be approached with particular responsibility. The thickness of the lining must be at least 2 cm, and it must have average humidity.
Important! To ensure good ventilation, the boards should be nailed with a distance of 2 cm from the wall.
Options for filing roof eaves
The edge of the roof can be hemmed in different ways; it’s worth dwelling a little on each of the options.
Fitting cornices to rafters
This method is only suitable for roofs with a slight slope. With this type of cladding, all edges of the rafters should form a flat plane. For the durability of the structure, you will need to fasten small boards to the rafters, the length of which is the distance from the edge of the overhang to the wall of the house. To install them evenly, first screw one board onto each edge of the cornice and stretch twine between them. All other boards are already attached according to the guideline made. The sheathing to this type of frame is fixed with metal corners or screws.
Lining the roof overhang on a wooden frame
This option is optimal for roofs with a large slope. To arrange the box, take a 4 cm thick edged board and fasten it between the edge of the rafters and the wall of the house. If one of its edges is installed directly to the rafter leg, then fixing the second edge will require the installation of a board adjacent to the wall, which is screwed to the rafters from above. Sometimes, instead of an additional board, a beam is attached vertically to the wall of the house with dowels. At this point, the arrangement of the box frame can be considered complete - then they begin to attach the sheathing. The best fasteners for this design will also be screws and corners.
Lining the eaves overhang with soffits (siding)
How to cover the eaves of a house with siding? Covering the eaves with siding has been very popular for a long time. Correctly installed siding transforms the roof and reliably protects it. Soffits are equipped with two special strips made in the shape of the letters J or F. One of them is attached to a pre-prepared wooden strip on the wall of the house, and the second is mounted on the eaves side. Self-tapping screws are used for fastenings. All these strips must be secured absolutely evenly relative to each other, so it is recommended to make markings first.
Then measure the width of the roof eaves and subtract 6 mm from the result obtained. This is done to create the required gap that will compensate for the thermal expansion of the material. Next, the soffits are cut into strips of the required length. The prepared plates are slightly bent and inserted into the grooves of the installed profiles, where they are fixed with self-tapping screws. In order to hem the edge of the roof, the length of the soffit strips is gradually reduced by cutting off one of the sides at an angle of 45 degrees.
Lining roofs with siding is a relatively simple process. With such material as siding, the cornice will be protected for a long time, and visually it looks very attractive.
Hemming cornices with corrugated sheets
When the edge of the roof is sheathed with corrugated sheeting, first a block is nailed to the wall in a horizontal position at the level of the edge of the overhang. The second block is attached to it at the same level along the edge of the rafters. The corrugated sheeting is cut to the required length, taking into account the thermal reserve and ventilation gap, and secured to the installed bars using self-tapping screws. The junction of the wall and the corrugated sheet is covered with an internal corner strip, and the place where the outer edge and rafters connect is decorated with the same external corner strip. Now the installation of corrugated sheets can be considered complete.
Lining the cornices with a wooden board or clapboard
In this case, it is most convenient to hem the edge of the roof from below, while on a stepladder or scaffolding. This should be done only after the exterior walls of the building have been completely insulated, a vapor barrier has been completed, and the installation of the facing material has been completed. Before starting to cover the eaves with clapboard, it is important to check that the rafters on the side eaves are not only the same length, but also parallel to the wall of the house. Wind strapping boards are attached to them. After all this, you can begin installing the sheathing fastenings. First, one board is screwed vertically to the wall, with its lower edge being level with the edge of the rafters. The second board is secured between the rafters and the first board along their lower edges. It should be parallel to the ground. This creates a base on which the sheathing will then be installed. After preparing the frame, installation of the sheathing itself begins.
When covering the roof eaves with boards, it is necessary to leave a small gap between the wall and them. The boards themselves are chosen to be smooth, of decent quality, their thickness should be about 1-2 cm. To ensure the necessary ventilation of the space under the roof when covering the perimeter with clapboard, it is worth installing ventilation grilles, the distance between them is about one and a half meters. However, often builders, relying on the properties of wood, do not take into account the above rule.
It is better to check with specialists how to properly hem the eaves of a roof without having any experience in this matter. Finishing materials are very important and the service life of the entire structure will depend on their quality. Nowadays you can find a lot of photos and instructions on the Internet with step-by-step stages of arranging the cornice hemming, so even a beginner can cope with this task, the main thing is to follow all the necessary working rules.
Roofing is a very important stage in construction. Success in it is guaranteed by a pleasant and neat appearance of the building, be it a home, office, or utility room. A well-lined roof can protect the walls of the house from bad weather, and it can also have an excellent ventilation system that will ensure a long life for the entire roof. After reading this article, you will learn how to properly hem and what materials should be chosen for this.
Finishing the overhangs makes the roofing work completely complete Source 2gis.ru
Why are overhangs needed?
A roof overhang is the overhang of the roof that extends from the bottom of the roof. The recommended overhang width is 40 - 50 centimeters. Hemming of roof overhangs is a mandatory operation during the construction process. However, if you do not plan such a process, serious troubles may arise. The worst thing happens when a strong wind undermines the entire roof, passing through unlined overhangs. And the correct lining of the roof overhangs hides all the insides of the roofing pie and gives the building a finished look.
Important! Before carrying out lining work, you should complete the installation of the roof and also insulate the walls.
Types of overhangs
Structurally, overhangs are divided into only two main types: cornice and pediment.
Cornice overhangs
The lower horizontal part of the roof slopes is called the eaves overhang. It plays a key role in roof ventilation. The fact is that air enters through it, which either passes through the attic, as with attic-type roofs, or through the roofing pie, as with attic-type roofs, and then leaves through the ridge. Therefore, you cannot nail down the overhang tightly, because in this case air will not pass through.
A well-made sheathing should provide sufficient ventilation of the under-roof space Source interistroy.ru
There are several ways to ventilate your roof. Firstly, you can leave a gap between the wall and the lining material. It should not be too big, about one and a half centimeters. Secondly, the use of sheet materials when filing overhangs makes it possible to use ready-made ventilation grilles. Thirdly, if the overhang is hemmed with boards, we can simply make gaps between them. But in the case when the roof, for example, is based on bitumen, it is worth increasing the area of the ventilation holes compared to, for example, clay tiles, since the first does not allow air to pass through at all. It is also worth covering all openings with nets to prevent contamination of the roof or attic.
The side part of the roof overhang is the gable overhang. The list of its functions does not include ventilation, but its main task is to reliably protect the entire roofing pie. Otherwise, the systematic entry of moisture will nullify all the efforts of your insulation, which is located in the roofing pie, and the room will become noticeably colder. When it comes to front overhangs, the most important goal is airtightness.
The gable overhang looks more voluminous Source pallazzo.su
How to trim an overhang edge
Each type of overhang will necessarily have uncovered elements, such as the end parts of the rafters, as well as the ends of the sheathing. You will definitely need to decorate them beautifully, protecting them from bad weather and all external factors. The choice of materials for lining roof overhangs directly depends on what you used as roofing.
Before starting work, you should cut off all protruding rafters and sheathing elements at the same distance from the wall. After this, you must cover them with a strapping board, to which the front board is then attached. It is necessary to cover all wooden elements with protective compounds and it is better to paint if it is made of wood. It is also necessary to provide attachment points for gutters. On the front overhang, you need to nail the end board to the cut parts of the sheathing, and only then use roofing materials to finish it.
Options for filing overhangs
There are many options for filing overhangs, but the most common are the following:
Eaves lining along rafters. This method is the easiest of all possible, but it requires that all rafters lie strictly at the same level and in the same plane. It is suitable for roofs with a slope of no more than 30 degrees and an overhang of up to 50 centimeters. The sheathing material is attached to the sheathing, which in turn rests on the roof frame. It will be better and more convenient if the hemming strips are stuffed perpendicular to the rafters.
Horizontal filing. Very fast and economical roof lining in terms of material. In order to carry out this option, you must first assemble a box of two boards, and only then attach it to the rafters. The board covering the end should end slightly lower than the vertical one, so that water falling on it can easily roll down. If the width of the overhang is about 50 centimeters, then another longitudinal board will be needed in its middle. This is a ready-made frame for installing roofing materials. This method is well suited for roofs with a large slope.
An important point is that the frame is always assembled from beams and boards, and lining materials are already attached to them.
Sheathing materials are attached to the roof frame Source amwd.ca
How to choose materials
If you are planning such an operation as lining the roof with boards, then coniferous wood would be better for these purposes. The board must be thoroughly dried, otherwise it will warp later. It is imperative to treat it with paint and varnish coatings to protect it from mold and moisture. This material can be hemmed parallel and perpendicular to the wall.
A good option is wooden lining. Its advantages over the board are that it is already processed. However, for such purposes it must be water-resistant, and it must also be dried and processed. When hemming with this material, you can use ready-made grilles for ventilation.
Good quality lining is a universal material, which is also used for lining roof overhangs Source stroyportal.ru
Polyvinyl chloride siding- another material option. Only waterproof material should be used for hemming. All accessories can be purchased in special stores. You should not attach such material along the wall, because over time it can bend greatly.
Very easy to use and affordable material is corrugated sheet. It is distinguished by its lightness, strength and durability, as well as its affordable price compared to other materials. If the choice fell on this option, then when filing it is worth leaving ventilation gaps a little more than a centimeter.
Lining the roof with corrugated sheets looks very nice Source krovelmag.kz
You can also use sheets of waterproof plywood or OSB, as well as galvanized or polymer-coated steel, aluminum or copper.
Covering roof overhangs using soffits
Lining the roof using soffits is one of the most rational methods.
The soffits themselves are strips that are produced specifically for lining roof overhangs and are a very convenient and fairly affordable means. They can be made from any material from PVC to metal. Various colors and styles allow you to choose soffits for any home. Typically, this hemming material is sold complete with everything necessary, including fittings and fasteners.
Soffits are usually sold as panels, which can have one, two or three layers. Soffits can also be solid or perforated. This method of filing is very simple and relevant, since installing soffits on the roof eaves does not require special skills and abilities, as well as spending a lot of time.
Soffits are panels specially designed for filing overhangs Source krovelmag.kz
One of the most popular methods of lining roof overhangs with soffits is horizontal lining. When using this method, a sheathing is made and attached to the roof overhang. Then a profile cut to size is attached to the sheathing. Such a profile is usually cut with a grinder and attached to the sheathing with self-tapping screws. There should be two strips - one at the wall, and the other at the edge of the overhang.
Careful measurements are the basis of any construction work Source interistroy.ru
Then the plate is inserted first into a profile located near the wall, and then at the end of the overhang. The gable part of the overhang can also be covered with a soffit.
Video description
This video will tell you more about installing spotlights:
Common mistakes when working with spotlights
If the work is carried out by professionals, then the filing should be neat and beautiful.
Special attention must be paid reliability of fasteners soffit panels, you should never skimp on fastening materials and fittings, otherwise a strong wind can undermine the entire structure.
Be sure to finish before filing decoration of external walls.
Another important note: for filing overhangs, you should definitely get stainless fittings so that later rust does not spoil the appearance of the building.
Eaves cladding made in the same style as the cottage façade Source interistroy.ru
On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer turnkey roof repair services. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.
Conclusion
The process of lining the roof is an important stage in the construction of any cottage, directly affecting its appearance. This kind of work can be entrusted to professionals, because they will perfectly finish the overhangs and give your home a finished look. I am sure that after reading this article, you learned a lot of new and interesting information and learned how to hem roof overhangs, and were also able to get acquainted with the process of lining a roof with soffits. Now you can choose and order the correct, economical and neat hemming of roof overhangs.
In order to properly equip the roof of a house, you need to go through several sequential steps, including the starting ones - to create the frame and the final ones - to design it. The latter include the installation of weirs, snow clearers and hemming of projections, which directly protect the façade of the building from destruction.
Purpose of roof lining
The procedure itself is necessary to protect the roofing elements from destruction and for the beauty of the building.
Roof lining allows you to:
- give the external appearance of the structure a completed look;
- regulate the thermal insulation level in the premises of the building;
- prevent the regular influence of natural precipitation on the condition of the external elements of the building;
- regulate the temperature in the rooms.
Experts advise filing all overhangs, regardless of their size, angle of inclination and design features of the roof.
DIY cornice finishing
Sheathing the roof of a house is not difficult at all. This procedure is quite accessible to every home owner, but requires certain knowledge and skills. First of all, it is necessary to carry out preparatory work on decorating the roof frame with your own hands.
Actions are classified into:
- preparatory;
- protective coatings for protrusions.
Preliminary actions
Starting events are long-term, consisting of a series of tasks:
- Focus on material, hemming technology, ventilation.
- Organization of rafters, walls, tools, etc.
What material to choose - how to hem the roof from below
For filing overhangs, it is better to prefer the same roofing decking. According to the quality and size of the products, the cost of hemming activities is calculated. The strength and service life of the material are also important.
Lining
The use of lumber for lining roof overhangs with clapboard is a fairly common procedure and quite in demand. This material is used to hem wooden ledges of buildings and more.
When choosing a lining it is important:
- Quality of wood products. That is, defects on the boards (cracks, knots, chips, etc.) are unacceptable. Craftsmen recommend using “Extra-lining”, which during the production process undergoes thorough screening for defects and is dried according to a unique technology.
- Humidity, which should vary between 30 and 40%. This indicator is measured using a conventional moisture meter.
Since the wood will be used outdoors, it needs to be kept outside for a month to achieve the optimal level of humidity and prevent deformation of the bars.
- The quality of lumber depends on the type of tree. It has been proven in practice that it is better to use spruce, larch, and pine as durable and economical species that are resistant to the process of decay.
- Board dimensions. The best option is lumber with a thickness of 15 mm and above, and a length that is adjustable by the overhang.
It is worth noting that, due to the need to use wooden planks with a length of 5 to 25 cm, it is better to immediately buy short products of the appropriate sizes. This way you can save a lot of money when lining the roof eaves with clapboard.
Profiled sheet
If there are special requirements for the strength characteristics of the structure, then it is better to use sheet profile material, for example, corrugated sheets of steel, or treated with zinc or polymers.
When choosing profiled sheets, you must not forget about:
- The condition of the surface, which should not be rough, without scratches, chips or dents.
- Wave height that provides the necessary ventilation. A slight difference is quite enough for this purpose. When finishing the roof overhang, large waves do not protect against the regular entry of rain, snow, and hail into the interior and contribute to the destruction of the frame.
- Color scheme. The tones of all professional sheets should not differ from each other.
- Leaf length. This parameter can reach 6 m, so choosing the required size will not be difficult. It is better to install a larger profiled sheet, equal to the length of the overhang span, and not taken from small panels.
- Lightness of construction. The optimal solution is to line the roof with corrugated sheets 0.55-0.8 mm thick. If this value is greater, the sheets will be heavier, which is completely inconvenient during installation. Accordingly, the load on the frame components of the roof will increase.
It is worth noting that the corrugated sheets will have to be cut into sheets with your own hands, and this will require a special device and additional time.
OSB and plywood
This is the most affordable type of lumber from a financial point of view, and also has excellent strength characteristics. Therefore, OSB and plywood are in great demand for roofing work.
If you chose this representative of particle board lumber for lining your roof with your own hands, then it is worth noting that during its production the layers of plywood are connected with formaldehyde glue, and subsequently the harmful compounds simply evaporate.
When choosing a material, you should pay attention to:
- Type of wood. It is better to prefer products from coniferous forests, because... it is more resistant to any weather surprises. Consumers are especially pleased with its increased moisture resistance.
- Material thickness. When arranging the roof, sheets whose thickness varies from 9 to 10 mm are more in demand. Only these dimensions make the structure strong and reliable.
- Condition of the slabs, namely, the absence of chips, delaminations, shape deformations and other material defects.
- Plywood brand. Experts consider FSF to be the best option for installation in the fresh air.
Like corrugated sheeting, you will have to cut plywood yourself, which is not at all difficult.
Soffits
This is a kind of specific category of materials, including a set of products from: PVC, steel, copper and even wood. Such roof overhang lining will look attractive and will last a long time. Each plank should be in harmony with the design of the house, giving it a complete look.
Finishing roof overhangs with soffit is an extremely simple procedure, but first you need to make a competent choice of the material itself.
Priority is given to:
- Dimensions that are calculated independently, according to the width of the overhang and the length of the span on one side of the roof.
- Color scheme. No recommendations are given in this regard either; the choice is yours, taking into account the wide range of soffit tones, design style and variety of color palette of all components of the structure.
- The type of perforation, depending on the location of the soffits. The overhangs of the gables are often hemmed with solid panels. Fully perforated elements of a set of soffits are in demand for finishing any type of projections, and partially for cornices.
Sheathing sequence
Experts in finishing roof overhangs distinguish two main processes:
- installation on rafters;
- with the preparation of a horizontal box directly under the ledge.
When choosing a technical process for filing, the reference point is made to the angle of inclination of the roof. If it is flat, then it is better to use the first option, and if it is hip or has a steep slope, then the second.
Rafters
To prepare the rafters, you need to decide on the method of cutting the wood and installing the frame for the construction of the projections.
Sequence of activities when preparing rafters:
- Provide for their length to be 30-50 cm longer than planned.
- Form a protrusion that would correspond to the specified size.
- Cut the material and process the edges of the rafters:
- vertical cut - for the purpose of filing along the rafters;
- vertical and horizontal sections - during the creation of the box.
It should be noted that if there is an unexpected increase in the width of the overhang before installation, the rafters must be lengthened using beams - “fillies”. - Achieve a straight overhang line.
Walls
Preparing the walls when finishing the roof eaves means insulating them, i.e. is a mandatory requirement of the procedure itself.
The process involves eliminating cracks and crevices that would allow water and air to pass through. The desired result will not be achieved if the insulation of the walls is done after the roof overhangs are installed.
House roof ventilation
When decorating protrusions, it is necessary to create a ventilated place under the finishing material. Thanks to this condition, it is possible to avoid the accumulation of moisture in the sheathing area and subsequent rotting of the load-bearing components of the roof structure.
Depending on the material, choose the ventilation method:
- By creating small gaps between the hemming elements.
- Uniform installation of ventilation grilles in the panels. This option is the most popular.
Using spotlights will make things much easier, because... they already have perforations for future ventilation.
Tools
To figure out how to make roof ends, you should purchase all the tools in advance:
- saw;
- grinder;
- drill;
- screwdriver;
- hammer;
- stepladder;
- level;
- fasteners: self-tapping screws, nails, screws, etc.;
- measuring device.
In addition, you should not forget about the materials for filing, as well as:
- cord;
- paint, according to the type of material;
- antiseptic solutions.
Installation on rafters
This technological process of roof upholstery is performed in the following sequence:
- Cut the material according to the protrusion parameters.
- Treat all parts with an antiseptic to improve their protective properties.
- If the technology requires painting of the sheathing elements, then this must be done before installation.
- Check the smoothness of the rafter bases.
- If necessary, level the rafters using additional boards that overlap.
- Secure them with screws or nails.
- Mount the last planks from the ends strictly along the eaves line.
- Secure with hardware according to the type of material.
- Pull the cord.
- Continue installing subsequent parts of the lining, always oriented along the line along the cord.
- Leave 5 to 10 mm distances between panels, because Due to weather surprises, the material may stretch.
Decorating a box for filing
The steps to create boxes on the roof with your own hands are carried out in strict order:
- Cut and pre-treat the material with antiseptics and paints and varnishes.
- Install and secure the board along the underside of the rafters.
- Nail the beam to the wall one centimeter higher than the front board.
- Arrange all the parts of the filing sequentially: fasten one edge to a beam mounted to the wall, the other to a board located on the side of the rafters.
- Alternate panels with ventilation grilles at equal distances or leave a gap of 2 cm or more between the parts of the filing.
- Fasten products with profile plates, screws, corners. Note! If the boards are long, at least three fastenings are necessary to avoid deformation.
- To form corners, mount the panels on both sides of the rafters or flat.
Technology for installing soffits on an overhang
And finally, let’s look at how to cover the eaves of a house with soffits. The procedure is quite simple, but at the same time, it requires theoretical knowledge to ensure reliable coverage.
All actions must be performed in a certain sequence:
- Cut the blank material to fit the width of the overhang. If this value is more than 45 cm, then additional installation of a horizontal plank in the middle is necessary.
- Mark the fixation line on the wall.
- To ensure the reliability and evenness of the fasteners, you will need to mount the board on the wall along the entire length of the protrusion.
- Attach the bars to the rafters from below horizontally, because Soffit panels will be mounted to them. Remember that before installing the soffits, you need to pre-cut the rafters along the vertical and horizontal lines.
- Place the F or J profile on a board fixed to the wall.
- Connect the parts with screws.
- Insert the panel strips into the profile one by one.
- Attach the opposite side of the product to the rafter beam or add another J(F) panel. If, due to the significant width of the overhang, you have an auxiliary strip attached in the middle, then you will need another fixation of the timber with the soffits with screws.
- As soon as the installation procedure is completed, install the L-profile along the eaves lines, which will cover the ends of the rafters and panel strips.
Bottom line
Now you know how to hem the roof from below, and in what order to perform all the steps. Whatever technological process and material you choose, you must strictly follow all installation rules. The strength of the structure will depend on this, and the building and roof will become incredibly attractive.
Reliable lining of the roof overhang protects the walls of the house from the vicissitudes of the weather. In addition, high-quality ventilation of the under-roof space can be arranged in the sheathing to ensure high-quality and durable functioning of the roofing pie. Beautifully designed overhangs are a decoration of the house.
How to hem roof overhangs with your own hands
The roof overhang is the extension of the rafter system to a certain distance beyond the walls of the building. In some cases, to lengthen this element, fillies are used - boards that are a continuation of the rafter legs.
The overhang has a purely practical purpose - protecting walls from external factors - rain, hail and snow.
But, in addition to its functional purpose, an overhang can also perform purely aesthetic purposes, being a decoration of the building.
The eaves are lined from below with various materials, forming a structure that encircles the house on all sides. Various materials are used for this:
- Galvanized metal sheet.
- Metal sheet painted or with a plastic protective coating.
- The board is a tongue-and-groove lining.
- Vinyl siding.
- Soffits are special products for forming an overhang and ensuring the operation of a natural ventilation system.
There are two types of overhangs:
Photo gallery: filing of roof overhangs
Roof overhangs covered with lining well complement the appearance of a house made of timber or rounded logs. Hemming with edged boards is used as a simple and inexpensive way to finish overhangs. Siding lasts longer than wood, so roof overhangs will be reliably protected for decades. Metal soffits not only add the house has a finished look, but also serves for ventilation of the under-roof space
Finishing the edges of overhangs
The fundamental document for the design of safe buildings and structures is the Federal Law of November 30, 2009 “Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings and Structures.” On its basis, various documents on the creation of overhangs have been developed, including SNiP II-26–76 “Roofs”. The requirements of the document stipulate the rules for constructing overhangs of various structures and the materials used for this.
This set of rules and requirements is constantly being refined and changed due to the appearance of various roofing materials on the market.
Optimal overhang size
As already mentioned, the purpose of overhangs is to protect walls. Therefore, the wider it is, the better it performs its function. But there are also limiting parameters - a wide overhang is subject to increased wind loads, which can weaken it over time, leading to the formation of leaks in the roof.
Therefore, the width of this element is rarely more than one meter. For buildings with one or two floors, the standards provide for an overhang of 60 centimeters, and for a normal drainage system it must be at least 40 centimeters.
Roof overhangs can be made in the same style with other architectural elements of the building, for example, with a canopy over the entrance Basic methods of filing overhangs
These building design details are arranged in various ways:
A house with unfinished hangings does not look aesthetically pleasing; it sometimes looks like it is unfinished.
How to hem the overhang from below
Various materials are used to form overhangs:
- Board made of coniferous wood - spruce, pine, larch. Such materials are less susceptible to warping. The board used is planed on four sides with a thickness of 20–23 millimeters. This material is characterized by drying out, and the width of the product can decrease by 2–8%, which leads to the formation of gaps between them. It is not recommended to use material wider than 12 centimeters; it is often subject to warping. To avoid the formation of cracks, the planed board can be overlapped with an overlap of about 10 millimeters.
- Lining. Using a tongue and groove board for hemming would be a more practical solution. In this case, there is no need to use strips. The board is padded both in length and width, using additional sheathing. In the second case, you can use the scraps remaining after finishing other surfaces.
When using lining, there is no need to fill the strips - PVC siding. This material is usually used for awnings on gables, but it is also used for lining overhangs. The material is valuable because it does not require constant care. Siding plates are installed at right angles to the walls. Fastening is carried out to the wooden planks of the sheathing with self-tapping screws through the holes provided for this purpose. Each successive plank is fixed to the previous part with a locking fastening. The PVC siding kit includes additional elements that can be used to hide the end cuts.
Overhangs covered with siding last a long time and do not require regular maintenance - Profiled sheet. Profiled sheets are often used for hemming overhangs. For this purpose, small-combed varieties with a wave height of about 8–10 millimeters are used. They can be placed lengthwise along the wall or in small cuts perpendicularly. This profile is produced by bending on profile bending mills. A more successful solution from a design point of view is the use of aluminum profiled sheet obtained by rolling. Such a profile can have an anodized coating in a variety of colors, from a range of which you can choose the desired shade. This type of rental is durable and does not require constant maintenance.
To sew overhangs, you can choose a profiled sheet of any desired shade - Smooth steel sheet. It is used with a protective coating of zinc or aluminum-silicon. The benefit of using it is the ability to give the sheet the desired shape flexible. Sheets with a protective coating in the form of paint or plastic are also used.
- Use OSB or plywood. This is a sheet material that is well suited for finishing overhangs. OSB is a product made from specially oriented wood chips. Produced by pressing using polymer binders. The process occurs at high temperature and high pressure. The result is an absolutely non-hygroscopic material of high strength. At the same time, the surface of the slabs has an original pattern, allowing it to be used for design purposes. Plywood made with polymer binders is also used for finishing overhangs. However, the outer layers of veneer are exposed to the weather and require additional protection after installation on eaves.
OSB has an original texture that can be used to implement interesting design solutions - Soffit is a specialized profiled steel sheet for lining overhangs. Soffits with a length of 0.5–8.0 meters can be made to order. In the standard version, their length is 2.4 or 3.0 meters. Please note that the multiplicity is 0.5 or 0.6 meters. In appearance, the soffit imitates timber installation. Double and triple parts are available. One or two soffit projections are equipped with a perforated grille, providing ventilation in the under-roof space. Thanks to the locking connections, the soffits are quickly and easily installed. Fastening to the sheathing is done with self-tapping screws. Color solutions are used within the RAL or RR ranges, which allows you to choose any tones that are in harmony with the color of the roof and walls.
Soffits are usually matched to the base color of the roofing system.
Soffits for lining overhangs are made from various materials. The mentioned metal perforated products are used only for curtain rods. They are not used for gables.
Metal soffits can be made, in addition to steel, from copper and rolled aluminum.
Soffits made of plastic are also popular. They are noticeably cheaper and very easy to install. The material for their manufacture is polyvinyl chloride or silicone. The main dimensions are 3 meters long, divided into three parts by width, which is 305 millimeters.
Do-it-yourself cornice filing
This building design element can be made in several ways:
This method is most often used on roofs with a slight slope. The work is performed in the following order:
The specified sequence is used when installing boards parallel to the wall. If hemming is done perpendicularly, using short pieces, you must first secure the support strips. They are installed on the rafters at the junction with the walls and at the ends of the legs. The hemming strips are fastened with self-tapping screws.
After leveling is completed, roofing work can continue, and the filing can be completed after installing the topcoat.
Before making hems along the rafters, their ends must be aligned Video: how to trim rafters correctly
Overhang filing along the frame
This method of closing the under-roof space is used for steep roof slopes. To do this, the following operations are performed:
Video: metal filing of overhangs along the frame
Installation of spotlights
With this method of filing overhangs and cornices, additional elements are used, supplied along with the soffits. They are used to form a mount into which the lining parts are inserted one by one. Different manufacturers have different soffit mounting systems. Before starting work, you should carefully read the instructions.
An obligatory element of the lining of eaves overhangs are ventilation holes in them. They are needed to ventilate the under-roof space. If it is not there, condensation from the finishing coating will damage the roofing pie until it is completely destroyed.
Diagram of the arrangement of supporting elements for lining with soffits For overhangs of any design, there is a single ratio of the ventilation surface. It should not be less than 1:50000, that is, the total area of the ventilation holes in the lining must correspond to the given ratio to the roof area.
It should be noted that we cannot talk about any insulation of overhangs, since a ventilation space is formed along them, and insulation requires tightness.
Video: installation of spotlights
Hemming the roof overhangs is one of the final operations during the construction of a house. This procedure should not be taken lightly, because not only the appearance of the structure, but also its proper functioning largely depends on it. Unreasonable savings on this element can subsequently result in significantly larger unforeseen costs. I wish you success!