What could be better than a winter walk followed by relaxation in a warm home?
If the previous generation used the dacha more likely to solve the food problem, then today, the dacha is more of a place of rest. And year-round. What could be better than getting away from the bustle of the city on a weekend and relaxing in nature. However, in most regions of Russia, a comfortable stay requires preliminary preparation of the premises. In winter frosts it is much more comfortable to be in a warm room, warmed by the fire of a stove or fireplace. And spending the night in a country house without heating in winter is a risky business. Therefore, all owners of country houses are thinking about how to heat their dacha in winter.
There are several heating methods, and, as a rule, the choice depends on how often the owners plan to come and how long to stay in the house. After all, even if a country house is not intended for a comfortable overnight stay, then resting in a warm room after a ski trip or winter barbecue is much more pleasant than in a cold one. In other words, the method of heating a summer house in winter is chosen based on the operating mode. We will look at some of the most popular and widespread methods.
Methods for heating country houses in winter
Types of heating systems are often classified according to the type of energy resource used:
- solid fuel;
- liquid fuel;
At the same time, the systems themselves can be arranged in different ways: this can be direct heating of the room or using a coolant. How to heat a dacha in winter – a question to which there cannot be a clear answer. It depends on how often you plan to visit your country house during the cold season, whether you plan to spend the night there, and whether there are small children in the family. And of course, an equally important issue is the availability of one or another type of fuel.
Stove heating of a country house in winter
Even a small brick stove retains heat for a long time and warms the room
Direct heating systems include various stoves, potbelly stoves, fireplaces, as well as all kinds of convectors. Country stoves designed to heat a home usually have a more simplified design. Since they are supposed to be used mainly for heating the cottage in winter, and not for cooking. Without cooking surfaces, such ovens take up less space. But the fireplace area makes the room more cozy and the atmosphere in the house more comfortable.
Wood stoves and fireplaces are a fairly widespread option for heating a summer house in winter. This is explained simply: firewood is the most accessible source of heat in Russia. And there are usually no problems with their purchase and delivery. The combustion process itself causes some inconvenience. You have to constantly monitor the stove or fireplace, and add fuel quite often. And this process cannot be automated. It is a little easier to heat with coal or pellets. The heat transfer of these types of fuel is higher than that of firewood, and you don’t have to worry about keeping the fire going out so often: one load of coal, for example, is enough for several hours. Before you choose what is better to heat your dacha in winter , It is advisable to consider different options, compare their effectiveness and cost.
Heating using metal stoves
Modern stoves are quite effective for heating a country house
Another option for heating a country house in winter is the use of all kinds of stoves and their modern analogues. An iron stove heats up faster than a brick stove, which means the room in which it is installed will receive its portion of heat faster. But potbelly stoves cool down relatively quickly. Thus, to maintain a comfortable temperature, you will have to constantly maintain the fire. True, in modern metal furnaces, such as Buleryan, this disadvantage is minimized. Thanks to the air duct system located between the body and the combustion chamber, such a stove remains hot for a long time and its efficiency is much higher than that of a simple potbelly stove. Usually one fill of fuel can last for the night.
However, both brick and metal stoves operate in “manual mode”. They need constant supervision not only because of the rapid combustion of fuel, but also because of their increased fire hazard. However, if you are faced with the question of what is the most economical way to heat your dacha in winter, then these options are well worth considering. Some labor intensity of the process is compensated by the low price of equipment and fuel.
Liquid fuel stoves
Similar to the heating methods described above, this is heating using liquid fuel stoves. Various oils, waste, fuel oil, and kerosene can be used as a heat source. Such stoves are not very environmentally friendly and should hardly be used for constant heating. However, they are quite suitable as a means of quickly heating a summer house in winter. Both homemade rocket stoves and industrial stoves running on liquid fuel are widespread. The disadvantages of this heating method - the smell of fuel, “dirty” work, the impossibility of automation - are sometimes outweighed by the low cost of installation and operation. Such furnaces burn up very quickly, withstand quite high temperatures and operate primarily on waste from various industries.
Heating a summer house in winter with convectors
Electric convectors are easy to install anywhere in the house
If the country house is connected to electrical networks, then many owners prefer the option of electric heating. Especially if it has a small area and needs to be heated in a short time. The advantages of this method of heating a country house in winter are obvious:
- environmental cleanliness;
- automation and regulation;
- possibility of zone heating;
- there is no need to carry out preparatory work for fuel procurement and storage.
Very wide. You can find both small fan heaters and large wall or floor units. The model is usually selected based on the area of the room and the power of the electrical networks to which the house is connected. The main disadvantage of electric heating - the cost of operating costs - is not very relevant when using devices periodically. In cases where more or less constant heating is needed, it is better to consider other heating options.
How to heat a cottage in winter using gas?
If the cottage is used only for periodic stays, it may not be worth making an expensive connection to the main gas pipeline. However, it is nevertheless possible to heat the dacha with gas. Gas in cylinders will help solve the question of how to quickly heat a dacha in winter. It is quite possible to bring the cylinder with you; it is not necessary to equip a place to store it at the dacha. And thermal gas equipment is much more economical than similar electric equipment with comparable efficiency parameters. For example, a gas heat gun can heat the air in a room in a matter of minutes, while consuming very little gas. All kinds are also quite competitive when it comes to heating a country house.
What is the best way to heat a dacha in winter is not a simple question. Since, along with the issue of savings, there is also the issue of efficiency of heating equipment. Special requirements for the speed of heating the room, automation of the process and the final price affect the final choice of country property owners. And only a careful calculation of all conditions of use will help you make the right choice in favor of one or another method of heating your dacha in winter.
Country houses are usually located outside the city. They don't live there permanently. People come to the dacha on holidays, on weekends, sometimes for several months in the summer and extremely rarely in the winter. Therefore, it is important to think about how to heat the dacha for a short period. If the street is damp and cool, everything is covered with winter snow, then I would like to relax in a dry and warm room. What's the best way to start heating your dacha?
It is better to start heating the dacha with your own hands officially; if necessary, collect documents and legalize it. Next, you need to decide which system to install, what materials are needed, and how the designed system will be used.
What to consider when choosing a heating project
Country houses were built at different times, from different materials. For some, the construction cost a tidy sum, for others it was within the minimum budget. When choosing economical heating, you need to take into account the material from which the walls and foundation were built, and the presence of insulation materials. After all, insulated structures will be able to retain heated air longer.
It is necessary to analyze the fire hazard of the building, because some heating systems can lead to fires. Lastly, you should find out what coolants can be purchased nearby. Is it possible to buy firewood, coal, diesel fuel nearby? If these materials have to be imported from afar, this will significantly increase the cost of heating a country house.
Experience shows that usually even in remote summer cottages there is an electricity connection. Therefore, you can always heat the house using electricity.
Heating system options
All options for space heating systems can be systematized. Depending on the coolant, heating is of the following types:
- electrical;
- air;
- hot water;
- ferry.
Based on the energy source, heating systems can be divided as follows:
- electricity is used as a coolant;
- gas;
- use liquid fuel, for example, diesel fuel;
- solid fuel, such as coal or firewood.
Every heating system has disadvantages. If we analyze these options from the point of view of the cost of coolants, we can note that the most expensive fuel is diesel fuel, the cheapest is gas.
But gas lines at dachas are not always available.
When deciding how to cheaply heat a dacha, you should take into account that the cost of heating must also include the costs of delivery and storage of coolants. Firewood needs to be brought, chopped, and stored under the shed.
Defining the piping layout
The heating system is the point from which you should start for further selection of the heating boiler, registers, and calculation of their capacities.
There are two types of systems:
- single-pipe;
- two-pipe.
Single-pipe scheme
Heating in a country house using a single-pipe system is the easiest and most economical to install, since it does not require the use of additional pipelines. The best results are obtained when heating small areas, up to 100 m². How to choose optimal heating parameters?
Two-pipe scheme
A two-pipe system allows you to heat a large area of premises in a one-story or two-story house. The heat is distributed evenly between all registers. You can use natural circulation and forced circulation, with the installation of a circulation pump. But maintaining slopes is mandatory in any case.
It is advisable to use systems with vertical risers. To heat an attic with a steeply sloping roof, a horizontal wiring diagram cannot be used, so it is better to heat such houses with a two-pipe system with natural circulation, using upper or lower wiring. The height of the chimney, if the boiler is installed in the basement, is made more than 10 m.
Criterias of choice
To summarize this section, let’s try to briefly formulate the main criteria that will have to be taken into account when choosing a method for heating a summer house:
- coolant cost;
- cost of heating equipment (heaters, boilers, radiators, stoves);
- installation cost;
- cost of maintenance and repair of the heating system.
You also need to determine how long you will be at the dacha. Usually people do not live permanently in dachas during the winter months. Therefore, there is no need to heat the room all year round.
Wood burning stove
Let's start with stove heating. For a country house, you can purchase a steel or cast iron stove. Cast iron structures are more valuable. They hold heat better and have a longer service life. The stove heats up quickly.
When using stove heating for your dacha, you will have to provide a smoke exhaust structure and connect the potbelly stove to the chimney. Firewood or coal will have to be constantly added. If there is no fire in the stove, it cools down quickly.
Sometimes the heat capacity of such a furnace can be increased by lining its inside with ceramics or making some heating surfaces ribbed. Cast iron stoves are heated with coal or wood. Sometimes you will need to remove ashes and clean the chimney.
Gas heating
If the cottage is connected to a gas main, you can warm the room using gas. Gas heaters have high heat output and can warm up a house in 15 minutes. Due to high heat transfer, gas equipment can be equipped with batteries that will accumulate excess heat and consume it after the gas installation is turned off.
While stove heating does not require complex installation and maintenance, heating a cottage with gas requires skill.
It is better to think about various arrangement options in advance. Heating equipment will cost more than with a stove. To install gas heating, you will need to draw up a plan and invite specialists to install it. After all, improper operation of gas equipment can cause an explosion.
Installation of heating devices
Initially, the boiler is installed, since it is best to supply heating to consumers from it. If possible, a separate room is selected for the boiler, where additional supply and exhaust ventilation is also installed. If the boiler runs on coal, this will prevent coal dust and soot from entering the interior. But the boiler can be installed at the dacha in another place, for example, in the hallway, in the kitchen. You can do the work yourself, or invite specialists for this purpose.
Radiators
Radiators are installed under windows after their power has been previously calculated. Their installation is simple, you can easily hang them yourself. To do this, you need a good hammer drill, mounting hardware and a radiator. The fastening must be reliable, able to withstand not only the weight of an empty radiator, but also one filled with water, and additional loads.
Pipes
The routing of pipes begins from the return, moving in the direction from the boiler, maintaining the angle of inclination of the pipes. The supply pipe must be higher than the return pipe. At the final stage, all heating devices are connected. The connection method depends on the choice of pipe material.
System pressure
If the system operates under pressure, then it is necessary to monitor the readings of the pressure gauges. Normal operation of the system is indicated by the absence of a decrease in pressure within 15 minutes of no more than 0.2 kgf/cm², then the test is considered successful. The installation ends with a thermal test, during which the quiet operation and uniform heating of the heating devices are checked, and leaks are eliminated. At the end of the heating season, the chimney is checked and cleaned.
Selection of radiators
How to choose cast iron, steel or bimetallic radiators? It is important to calculate their heat transfer and select the required number of sections. The choice of radiators may be influenced by their price, technical characteristics, and heat transfer. Radiators are installed under each window, this allows you to create a curtain from cold air due to significant heat loss through the window. The width of the radiator should cover the window opening.
Other ways to heat a country house
Heating of a country house will depend on the choice of an autonomous system. The choice is influenced by several factors: the degree of availability of a particular type of fuel, the presence of full automation in control, efficiency, the ability to resort to the use of other fuel, the level of costs for installing a heating system.
It is very important to keep in mind that economical heating of a country house fairly well characterizes the system’s ability to maintain a comfortable temperature, even if the coolant is at the lowest temperature. Operating costs will be reduced to a minimum.
Combination boilers
If you are installing heating for your dacha yourself, then a combination boiler is the best choice. Its main advantage is its unpretentiousness in choosing fuel. In addition to coal, briquettes, firewood, electricity is used as an alternative source.
Let’s say there is no way to use gas for heating, and you will only get to the dacha next weekend, the coal supply will definitely not be enough. And what should I do? Use electricity! The best option is to set the temperature below comfortable, but enough to keep the interior warm. This will not only be cheaper, but one addition of fuel will be enough to make the dacha warm again.
This is how a combi boiler works.
The boilers are made of metal three centimeters thick and weigh up to 110 kg, so the foundation must be prepared. Boiler power 3-6 kW. Control, temperature adjustment via remote control. The boiler has a cast iron stove with a burner, there is a modification with two, which is convenient when installing in the kitchen. A combination boiler is a safe solution to the question of how to heat a dacha in winter.
Electric heating
This is the second most efficient heating system for a country house. No special investments are required; the only cost item is the purchase of the necessary equipment - electric converters. The number of devices is selected individually. In addition to installing under each window, there is the option of installing one, higher power, electric converter in each room.
Principle of operation
The operating principle is based on air convection as it passes through the device, expansion when heated, while up to 80% of the heat is removed from the surface of the electric converter, and the room is additionally heated by infrared radiation from the heat device.
Installation
It is recommended to install it on the ceiling; for this purpose, a series of different shades of coatings and structures have been developed, which fits it perfectly into the interior of the room. The film can be installed as a warm floor; it is not afraid of punctures and minor damage. In terms of heating costs for a country house, electric systems are more expensive than gas systems, but more profitable than other options. They are used as a source of main heating of premises, and additionally.
Infrared heater
Heaters are the easiest and most practical option for heating a summer house. You buy a heater, install it in a room, connect it to the network - the heating system works.
Heaters based on infrared radiation are economical and compact. You can purchase infrared heating films or panels. The structures are mounted on the ceiling. They do not take up space in the room.
Some of these heating systems can be programmed remotely using the Internet or SMS. When planning a trip to the country, just send a message. The heating system will turn on at the right time and warm the living rooms for you.
Most of our summer residents cannot boast that they have a full-fledged house on their plots. After all, mostly country houses are light, poorly insulated buildings, which are unlikely to fully fall under the definition of “residential building.” To do this, it is necessary, at a minimum, to connect it to the appropriate utilities.
And if you can still be content with the fact that water and “conveniences” are on the street, then heating in the country, given the peculiarities of our climate, is simply necessary. Many companies offer services (and promise that it will not cost much) for the installation of a complete and efficient heating system. But does this make sense in relation to a dacha?
Firstly, with rare exceptions, the owner works on the site only during the season, and permanently resides in a nearby village. But any system requires maintenance. For example, drain the water, service the components of the circuit, and so on.
Secondly, no matter what is stated in the advertising brochures, it will not be possible to do this “virtually for nothing.” The investment will be quite significant for the family budget.
Thirdly, even if under some promotion (let’s say!) we are the ones who are supplied and connected inexpensively with the necessary equipment, then how can we save all this? After all, most gardening partnerships are not guarded, and in terms of theft, any dacha is an object of increased risk ().
The conclusion suggests itself - it’s not worth installing units from the “boiler equipment” category at your dacha.
And then what? Let's consider the possible options in relation to what type of fuel will be used. At the same time, we will focus only on those (and there are quite a lot of them) that are suitable for a small country house and will not require significant financial expenses.
Gas
Which of the “ordinary” Russians can boast of a gasified dacha? Yes, there are such areas, but on them there are not “sheds”, but full-fledged cottages, and they are owned by those who are usually called “VIPs”. For them, who are not experiencing financial difficulties, the question of “cheap and cheerful” does not arise. There is only one thing left - a gas cylinder.
If you have your own car, there is no problem finding a gas station - an excellent option. Moreover, a heating boiler is not needed. There are devices called “outdoor heaters”. They are attractive because they are suitable not only for heating a house, but also, for example, a barbecue area, an open veranda, a playground, even flower beds or seedlings.
Considering their mobility (all models are portable), this is the optimal, most universal solution to the problem of heating in the country. For those who are interested in this issue, we recommend.
Electricity
Power outages in suburban areas occur quite often. But at what time? Mainly with the onset of cold weather, when wires break due to gusts of wind or the weight of ice, and repairmen cannot quickly arrive at the scene of an accident due to snow drifts. Otherwise, everything is fine with this - almost all dacha areas are “electrified”.
But what devices are best to use, given their huge range?
IR heaters
Probably the best option for heating a dacha.
- can be installed anywhere (ceiling, walls), even under the cladding. Considering the cramped conditions in the house, this is quite a significant advantage;
- various engineering solutions. For example, film (PLEN), which can be “hidden” even under wallpaper. There is a choice for every taste, so you don’t have to make “revolutionary” changes either in the layout or in the arrangement of furniture;
- In terms of electricity consumption, IR devices are one of the most economical heaters (all of them).
Oil heaters
They can confidently claim a “silver medal” in our rating. Their light weight and dimensions allow them to be positioned in a way that is convenient for the owners. They heat up more slowly, but when they “disperse”, they keep the heat for quite a long time even after turning it off. For the winter it will not be difficult to load it into the trunk and take it to the garage, so the issue of theft in the event of thieves breaking in is not an issue.
Fan heaters
Deservedly (for the dacha) – 3rd position. Such a device can be carried in a regular shopping bag, since it is light in weight. It heats quickly, efficiently, and circulates air throughout the room. There is only one drawback - it cannot be used for a long time without a shutdown break. But for a small house, 10 - 15 minutes is enough to raise the temperature to the optimum.
All other types of heat generators for a small dacha are hardly worth using. Let us note some possible options, evaluating them from the point of view of the feasibility of use, taking into account the main disadvantages.
Electric fireplaces (reflectors)
- They heat the room to a limited extent, only around themselves. Consequently, you will need a rather massive device (both in size and weight).
- They dry out the room greatly. Some people are quite sensitive to a sharp decrease in humidity, which is why not everyone likes such heaters.
Furnaces
- The oven will need quite a lot of space.
- You will have to think about preparing and storing fuel reserves (firewood, briquettes, coal or a container for a solarium).
- Impressive dimensions. Therefore, reinstallation will not be as easy as an oil cooler.
- And what is important, you will have to constantly monitor the stove. Is it convenient to run back and forth if the owners are working on the site? Especially if it runs on liquid fuel. Otherwise, instead of weeding the beds, you will have to put out the fire.
The article outlines the vision of the problem of heating a country house based on economy and efficiency. But these are only recommended options, since each site and building has its own characteristics.
Since country houses are usually located outside the city, they are not used for permanent housing, but mainly for recreation. It is considered popular to go to the dacha for various holidays, and some go there for the whole summer. When using a dacha for relaxation during the warm period, there is no need to heat it. However, even from spring to autumn there may be cold or rainy days, and therefore you need to make sure that there is always heating for your dacha.
Types of heating for a country house
There are several popular ways to heat your country house or country house.
When choosing a specific heating project, you need to consider some points. Since country houses were built in different periods, the materials that were used for their construction can vary significantly. For some, the construction of a country house was quite cheap, while others invested a large sum in this event.
The heating system directly depends on the material from which the country house is built. If more heat-resistant materials were used, then it will be much easier to retain heat in such a house.
Another determining criterion for choosing a heating system for a summer house is the presence of communications in the house. Most often, holiday villages are located in places where there is no gas supply. Central heating in such holiday villages is also out of the question.
Autonomous heating of the cottage with liquefied gas
When choosing a heating system for a country house, you also need to consider how protected the building is from fire. Some heating systems absolutely cannot be combined with materials that do not have adequate fire safety.
Another point that you need to pay attention to when choosing a heating system is the availability of the nearest coolant. The coolant for a country heating system can be materials such as coal, firewood, diesel fuel and others. The closer such coolants are available, the cheaper their transportation will be.
The most accessible resource in holiday villages is electricity. This energy resource is the most popular and accessible for the heating system of a country house.
Heating system options
All options for organizing a heating system can be classified based on such criteria as the type of coolant. Thus, heating can be:
- Air;
- Steam heating;
- Electric;
- Heating with hot water.
Heating systems can be grouped based on their energy source. Thus, the heating system can use the following as an energy source:
- Liquid fuel, such as diesel fuel;
- Solid fuel, such as wood or coal;
- The coolant can also be electricity.
Any heating of a country house has both its advantages and disadvantages. If we take the price of the coolant as a basis, then the most expensive option will be a heating system powered by diesel fuel, and the cheapest will be gas heating of the dacha in winter. Although gas is the cheapest coolant, not all holiday villages have access to the main line.
If you choose a heating system based on the price category, then you must also take into account the costs that will go into organizing the heating system, as well as the income required to transport the coolant. Heating with wood has its disadvantages, since this type of fuel first needs to be brought, then it needs to be chopped or sawed, and also a place for storage must be found.
When choosing country heating, you will have to adhere to such criteria as:
- Costs for purchasing coolant;
- Heating system installation costs;
- The cost of equipment that is necessary to organize a heating system;
- The cost of repairing the heating system, as well as the funds that will be spent on its maintenance.
Another important criterion that may influence the choice of heating system is the period of stay at the dacha. Since people come to the dacha mainly in the warm months, it does not need to be heated all year round.
- Country houses for the summer. Quite a lot of country houses are made of material such as wood. The walls of such houses are not able to retain heat indoors for a long time, therefore, if the house is not heated, the room temperature will not be much different from the street temperature. A wooden house can be quickly heated using an electric heater or stove heating. Such a house will not be suitable for living in the winter months. In this case, it will be necessary to insulate it additionally, as well as install another, more efficient heating system for country houses.
- Country houses for the whole year. Homes that are intended to be used throughout the year are usually prepared for harsher conditions from the start. People who live in their country houses all year round probably make sure that they always have water and light. Summer houses are usually built from panel panels, but for a more permanent type of building it is necessary to use brick or concrete. The walls and foundations of such houses should be made of materials that can trap warm air for a longer period. In a permanent building, you can install both stationary heating for a country house and other types.
A brick cottage is suitable for normal living all year round
Stove heating
For a country house building, you can purchase a stove made of materials such as steel or cast iron. Cast iron stoves are more popular because they have some advantages. Among their advantages are an extended period of operation, as well as the fact that they are able to distribute heat for a longer time. This oven heats up quite quickly.
If you plan to organize a stove-type heating system, then you need to worry in advance about installing a structure through which the smoke will escape outside. The disadvantage of this type of heating is that periodically you will have to add fuel to the stove: wood or coal. Also, if fuel is not added in time, the fire in the stove may go out. Then you will have to relight the fire. You will also have to periodically clean the stove from ash and other combustion products.
There are some options that allow you to increase the heat capacity of the furnace installation.
To do this, you can place ceramics in the inside of the stove. The most effective types of fuel for stove heating are considered to be materials such as beech, oak or hornbeam. Materials such as spruce or pine wood will be less effective. They will burn well, but their combustion will not achieve maximum effect.
It is also necessary to remember that stove heating of a country house in winter requires compliance with certain fire safety rules:
- It is not recommended to dry wet things on the stove;
- Do not place flammable objects against the stove;
- The floor near the stove needs to be covered with iron;
- While the fire is burning in the stove, its damper should be in the slightly open position.
Gas heating system
A country house can also be heated using gas, but a prerequisite is the presence of a gas main nearby. Gas-based heaters are considered the most efficient, as they can warm up the temperature in the house in a fairly short period.
Gas can be used not only for organizing a heating system. You can also divert the gas to the kitchen and use it for cooking.
If there is no gas main near the country house, there is an alternative option - a gas cylinder.
In order to organize gas heating of the attic and other rooms in a country house, you must have certain knowledge and skills. Compared to stove heating, gas equipment will be much more expensive. However, this is where the advantages of stove heating end. Gas is considered a cheaper coolant, and there is also no need to look for storage space. There is no need to bring it and it will always be available if supplied from the highway.
Heating using an infrared heater
A heater is considered the simplest means of heating a country house. All you need to do is buy a heater, bring it to the dacha, put it in the right place and connect it to the network. Such heaters are popular because they are compact in size and quite economical. They can even be mounted in the ceiling, and they will not take up space at all.
Turnkey country heating is an important point that requires special attention from the owners of country houses. And it’s better if you think about this even at the stage of building a summer house.
Picture 1. Installation diagram for heating a country house using solid fuel
Types of fuel for country heating
For heating a dacha, the most polar types of fuel are electricity and solid fuel. Classic options, such as a stove, fireplace, as well as various electric heating devices (convectors, oil radiators, infrared panels, fan heaters) are applicable only for small buildings and have a number of disadvantages:
- The stove can only heat the rooms in which it is located, has a very low efficiency and a long warm-up time.
- For electric convectors, it is necessary to provide in advance an electrical distribution throughout the house that can withstand the appropriate load.
- Ceiling heaters, due to the lack of grounding, are not safe.
- Electric floor heating systems consume a lot of electricity but produce little heat.
The most optimal, from our point of view, option for heating a country house is to install a heating boiler and radiators with a system filled with a coolant, which is a non-freezing liquid.
Heating a cottage with a solid fuel boiler
Let's consider a diagram of a closed heating system with a solid fuel boiler.
To regulate the temperature of the coolant, most modern solid fuel boilers are equipped with temperature regulators. This regulator is connected by a chain to the air damper and regulates the air supply to the boiler. The higher the boiler temperature, the more the air damper closes so that the set boiler water temperature does not exceed.
In a closed heating circuit, it is imperative to install a safety group with a safety valve and an air vent, as well as an expansion tank. To protect the boiler from corrosion, a three-way mixer with a sensor is installed on the boiler return line. Until the temperature of the boiler return line heats up above 55 degrees, the circulation pump rotates the coolant through the boiler circuit without supplying it to the heating radiators. As soon as the return temperature exceeds 55 degrees, the three-way mixer will open and the coolant will begin to flow into the heating radiators, which, when heated, will release heat to the room.