Block width px
Copy this code and paste it onto your website
Municipal educational institution
« Secondary school No. 4 of the city of Lgov"
"What should be an effective lesson"
Prepared by: Kovaleva Natalya Yurievna,
primary school teacher.
What should be an effective lesson?
There is no consensus on this question. Many articles have been written on this topic,
reports. Every year the goals and content of education change
education, new technologies and teaching methods appear. New
changes carry their own fresh stream, but the lesson always remains the main form
training. Whatever reforms and innovations are introduced, only in the classroom
participants in the educational process meet: teacher and student.
I, like any teacher, am concerned about how to structure a lesson so that children do not
not only master knowledge and skills, but also so that what happens in the lesson is
Interestingly, the creative atmosphere remained in the lesson. What influences
effectiveness of the lesson? How to make a lesson successful? From what terms?
What does a modern successful effective lesson in primary school consist of?
I would like to say separately about the work of N. E. Shchurkova “When a lesson educates.”
N. E. Shchurkova considers the possibilities of moral education
schoolchildren directly in the classroom, during the learning process. Special attention
focuses on revealing the moral potential of the lesson, analyzing relationships
teachers and students, ways of influencing the development of morality
schoolchildren"
Today, new content has the most significant impact on the lesson.
education: variable educational programs, new generation
textbooks, workbooks, various teaching materials
allow you to make the lesson more interesting, bright, rich.
The basis of any lesson should be: deep theory, rich content,
comparison, juxtaposition of facts, phenomena and concepts, search for connections between
covered and promising material, the discovery of new and new facets in
already known, studied. A traditional theme can be original
solved, methodically brilliantly built on bright, interesting content.
When planning the learning process, I focus on the latest advanced
technology, to a variety of activities, teaching methods that
will make children's work dynamic, rich, and less tiring.
The 5 “y” formula must definitely work in the lesson – study + surprise +
pleasure + passion = success.
How to build a modern, effective lesson?
1.Clearly define the topic of the lesson;
2.highlight the goal and construct lesson objectives that are accessible and understandable to children;
3.determine the basic concepts on which the lesson will be based;
4.determine what the student should remember, know and apply
after class;
5.determine in what volume and in what portions to communicate the lesson to students;
6.determine which interesting events and facts to apply and tell
at the lesson.
It is imperative to use multi-level training.
Organize learning tasks in accordance with the principle “from simple to
complex."
Create three sets of tasks:
tasks that lead the student to reproduce the material;
tasks that help the student understand the material;
tasks that help the student retain the material.
Think over the “highlight” of the lesson.
So what else is a modern lesson for us?
According to N.E. Shchurkova: “A modern lesson is a child of modern culture.
recognize a person as the highest value, provide a person with the maximum
freedom for individual development, to establish in everyday reality
the values of a decent life.
I believe that the words of Ya.A. Comenius, addressed to teachers to this day
sound fresh and relevant: “Teachers should be concerned about being
students in food and clothing as an example of simplicity, in activity as an example
vivacity and hard work, in behavior - modesty and good morals, in speech -
the art of conversation and silence, in a word, to be an example of prudence in private
and public life."
One thing is indisputable: the lesson must be animated by the personality of the teacher.
A teacher should always be an example of behavior and imitation.
Even if you don't go out into the world,
And in the field outside the outskirts, -
While you are following someone,
The road will not be remembered.
But wherever you go
And what a muddy road
The road is the one I was looking for,
Will never be forgotten.
(N. Rylenkov)
A modern lesson is a modern teacher... A teacher - what is he like?
The teacher must use learner-centered teaching that
proposes to build training in accordance with the principle of “developmental
help." It consists of not telling a person what to do, not deciding
for him his problems, but let him realize himself and awaken his own
activity and internal strength so that he himself makes choices, makes decisions and
was responsible for them. Use information and communication technologies,
health saving technologies, problem-based learning technology,
technology of project activities, gaming technologies, technology
problem-based learning. Teachers' mastery of new technologies in education -
the key to successful development of a child’s personality. According to the standards of the new
generation, the teacher must teach the child to learn, apply knowledge to
practice. To make the lesson interesting, the teacher must learn a lot himself,
after all, J. Joubert wrote: “To teach means to doubly learn.” Open
the modern lesson is problematic, a lesson of interaction,
illustration of the system of work of scientific positions, technological beliefs
teacher Under the new standards, the
organization of training. The new standard is focused on meta-subject
knowledge and personal results. This implies the increasing role of such
forms of the educational process, as an integrated lesson.
Over 28 years of working in schools, I noticed that subject programs in primary
school, are compiled in such a way that the child’s knowledge remains scattered, according to
subject attribute, so in my work I often use
integrated lessons in which I try to find connections with others
objects, because integrated lessons contribute to the formation
children’s holistic picture of the world, understanding the connections between phenomena in
nature, society and the world as a whole. It is very important that the integrated lesson does not
excludes the traditional system of conducting lessons.
The integrated lesson helps solve the following problems:
difficult to implement within traditional approaches:
Development of cognitive, creative activity and independence
students;
Development of imaginative thinking;
Increasing motivation for educational activities;
Showing meta-subject connections and their application in solving
various tasks;
Organization of purposeful work with mental operations;
Duplication of educational material is eliminated, resulting in a reduction
student workload;
Integration provides a favorable psychological climate for
The main feature of the integrated lesson is that it
the lesson is based on one subject, which is
the main thing. Other items integrated with it help more widely
to study its connections, processes, to better understand the essence of what is being studied
subject, understand the connections with real life and the possibility of application
gained knowledge in practice.
In my work I use these lesson forms: lesson - journey; lesson-
lesson - essay, lesson - business or role-playing game; combined lesson;
From my work experience in using technology in primary classes
interdisciplinary integration on the example of Russian language lessons, literary
reading, technology.
1.
music, military-industrial complex, mathematics, literary reading.
Topic: “Genitive case of plural nouns”
2.Integrated Russian language lesson with elements of the surrounding world,
music, mathematics, literary reading.
Topic: Essay based on the painting by A.K. Savrasov “The rooks have arrived”
3. Integrated literary reading lesson with environmental elements
world, music, Russian language.
Topic: "Forest" , “It’s like a painted tower” I. Bunin.
4. Integrated technology lesson with literary elements
reading, the environment, music, mathematics.
Subject: Crafts made from natural materials. "Visiting Berendey"
Panel of autumn leaves.
Lesson effectiveness.
Criteria
Specificity of the set goal and task
Creating a Success Situation
Learning through discovery
Democracy and openness
Efficiency
Quality of educational material
Formation of key competencies
The student’s ability to design his own activities
Variety of methods and techniques
The presence of discussions characterized by different points of view on
questions being studied, comparing them, searching through discussion
true point of view.
Creation
The teacher manages problem-search, creative or
student's research activities.
Conditions that increase the effectiveness of the lesson: pedagogy of cooperation.
cooperation on the basis of which it should be built, the second condition is
turning the lesson into a “development lesson”, a lesson in creativity. What is it
express your special, unique attitude towards the world. Creating creative
The atmosphere in the classroom is helped by special pedagogical techniques. Important
The method of creative activity is a feeling of surprise, novelty, and
also willingness to accept a non-standard question, a non-standard solution.
I believe that any lesson will be effective if there is a friendly
atmosphere, atmosphere of trust, mutual respect, if students see in the teacher
a partner who is ready to support, notice even small successes and praise. IN
searching for effective methods and forms of training, I came to the conclusion that everyone
lesson, every technique and teaching method should be based on cognitive
activities of students, so that students are less likely to act as passive
listeners who only perceive information.
Using systematically in your teaching activities - active
approach for teaching students, I noted for myself the following main ways
improving the lesson in a modern school:
Strengthening the purposeful activity of the teacher and students in the lesson.
Increasing cognitive independence and creative activity
students.
Anastasia Bryattseva. Malakhovka - center, school No. 56, Lyubertsy city, Moscow region, Russia
Essay in English with translation (topic in English)
My ideal lesson of English language
A student`s personal view.
The ideal lesson of English language - for everyone it means different things. But everyone agrees, that the lesson must be interesting because in any other way it`ll be not useful. But also a teacher of this lesson has to know all about it and needs to be interested in it.
At school I study English language. I like it. We study grammar, listen to recording, answer questions and do other work just like it. However I can`t say that it`s very interesting, or exciting. It`s OK and not more, because at our lesson of English language we do the same work every lesson. I mean that reading texts, answering questions of course is good - it`s useful, thanks to it we develop memory, attention and etc. But from time to time we should make some conversations. It`s so interesting! To use grammar, speak more or less quickly, understand the interlocutor - and the conversations between pupils are great. Of course at first it`s very difficult to remember the grammar rules and speak about something. When pupils begin studying English language the first question that they have is "How to speak?"
Then about teachers. Of course the teachers are just people like students. They can be tired because of their work, they can have a bad mood, they can have their favorite students or pupils etc. However I think that it`s not very polite to let their feelings show. I think that at school a teacher must be a teacher, but in their own free time teacher can be a person he or she would like to be, - but not at school. And if a teacher has got a bad mood or he or she is tired - it`s not a reason to leave us alone with an English books. We need a person, that will help us, if we have some problems or something else. And about favorite students this is not very pleasant. But just think about it, you were working hard, you were preparing for English lesson and at the lesson you`d like to demonstrate your knowledge and get a good mark and you`ll get it thanks to your hard work but the favorite student of your teacher will get the same good mark easily for almost nothing. In my mind it`s not fair.
Now about the literature that we use at the lesson. In most cases I think it`s old textbooks that were written by our Russian teachers of English. Maybe they are OK, but every language has got a possibility to change and English is no exception. Every time new words appear and life changes etc. Of course it`s difficult to follow these changes, sometimes it`s unreal, but we should follow it. Just imagine you are in England - you`d like to ask somebody about something and in your question you use a word that is not correct in this case. Of course, English people are polite and I think nobody will tell you that you are not right but I think you`ll agree with me that the feeling after this kind of communication will not be very pleasant for you.
So final words about the ideal lesson of English language: the lesson must be conducted by a really good teacher who uses up to date programs and modern literature. Then it should be a lesson of real communication (speaking) which is necessary for all students.
Anastasia Briatseva (school pupil, Malachovka - centre, Moscow region).
The words and ideas in this article are purely my own. It does not represent City & Guilds in any way.
Student's personal presentation.
The perfect English lesson means different things to everyone. But everyone agrees that the lesson must be interesting, because otherwise the lesson will not be productive. But also the teacher of this lesson should know everything about it and should be interested in it.
At school I study English. I like it. We study grammar, listen to audio tapes, answer questions and do other work exactly like this. However, I cannot say that it is very interesting or exciting. This is normal and nothing more, because in an English lesson we do the same work from lesson to lesson. I mean that reading texts and answering questions is, of course, good - it’s useful, thanks to this we develop memory, attention, etc. But from time to time we have to do some conversations. This is so interesting! To use grammar, to speak more or less quickly, to understand the other person - conversations between students are great. Of course, at first it is very difficult to remember the rules of grammar and at the same time express your thoughts. When students start learning English, the first question they ask is, “How to speak?”
A little about teachers. Of course, teachers are people just like students. They may be tired because of their work, they may be in a bad mood, they may have their favorite students or pupils, etc. However, I think that it is not very polite to expose your personal feelings and experiences, that is, to show them to us. I think that in school a teacher should be a teacher, but in his or her own free time a teacher can be the person he or she would like to be - but not in school. And if the teacher is in a bad mood, or he or she is tired, this is not a reason to leave us alone with our textbooks. We need a person who will help us if we have some problems or something else. And about your beloved students, this is not very pleasant. But just think, you worked hard, you prepared for an English lesson and in the lesson you would like to demonstrate your knowledge and get a good grade, and you will get it thanks to your diligence, but your teacher's favorite student will get the same good grade much easier, it won't cost him anything. I don't think this is fair.
Now about the literature that we use in class. In most cases, I think these are old textbooks that were written by our Russian English teachers. They may be fine, but every language has a way of changing, and English is no exception. Every time new words appear, and life itself also changes, etc. Of course, it is difficult to follow these changes, sometimes it is unrealistic, but we must follow them. Just imagine that you are in England - you would like to ask someone about something, and in your question you use a word that is incorrect in this case. Of course, English people are polite, and I think that no one will tell you that you are wrong, but I think that you will agree with me that the feelings after such communication will not be very pleasant for you.
So, final words about the ideal English lesson: the lesson should be taught by a really good teacher who uses modern programs and modern literature. Then this should be a lesson in real communication (conversation), which is required for all students.
Anastasia Bryattseva (student, Malakhovka Center, Moscow region).
The words and ideas in this essay are simply my own. This does not represent City & Guilds in any way.
In March of this year, we invited our users to answer research questions. More than 500 teachers took part in it, and now we are ready to introduce you to the results of the study. So, is a perfect lesson possible? Who is capable of carrying it out? Is it necessary?
The first question in the study was “Can a lesson be ideal?”
Can it - because any teacher knows well that with all the desire for the ideality of a lesson in the realities of teaching practice, it is necessary to understand and take into account a very large number of factors influencing how the lesson will go. But, despite the fact that only two answers were offered for choosing this question with the statement “cannot”, and five with the statement “can”, 60.5 percent of the participants answered “cannot”.
Study participants explained why this happened with their answers:
- Ideal can be in any business. But this concept is speculative and not real, especially if we are talking about a lesson. The ideal is achievable in the asymptotic approximation;
- A lot here depends on inspiration. After all, this is creativity;
- An ideal lesson is a lesson that does not exist, but its function is fulfilled.
And quite unexpectedly:
- Ideal lesson?!...I think it’s boring.
We then proposed to answer the question, “Who can teach the perfect lesson?”
The answer “teacher” unconditionally prevailed. Study participants left only 1 percent of the responses to someone other than teachers who could teach the perfect lesson.
In their answers, several participants agreed that “No one can,” and even explained: “there is always something to complain about (especially on the part of the inspectors).” But where to classify this answer: “an ideal teacher with ideal students in a unique place at a unique time in a unique subject...”, to “someone can” or to “no one can”, we leave it to you, our readers, to decide.
What should be present in an ideal lesson? That was the next question.
Of course, we have offered only a few of the very large number of possible answers, hoping that study participants will add to this list:
The addition was succinct:
- All;
- The main thing is that everything is combined harmoniously: the goals, the content, the form, the mood of the children, and the mood of the teacher.
Of course, we could not ignore this question: what should not be in an ideal lesson?
Here's how the study participants responded:
There were many additions given in their answers to this question. Among them:
- Showing off, indifference, artificiality, indifferent attitude towards one’s work:
- Templates, a large number of tasks, information overload, waste of time, lack of results;
- Authoritarian position of the teacher, psychological pressure on participants in the pedagogical process, negative emotional reactions of the teacher
- Boredom, dull eyes of children and teachers.
The answer is “A test can also be an ideal lesson in which the student’s creativity is possible!” We were very pleased!
It was impossible not to ask what the result of an ideal lesson should be?
The respondents’ answers were distributed in favor of the activity component of the lesson and personal results:
This was generally supported by those who chose their answer:
- Each student will rise to his own personal “step” of success in this lesson.
But this answer is unlikely to be accepted as the result of the lesson, but I really want it to always be there, even somewhere in the memory, at least in the teacher’s mind:
- People need to become better...
Who should determine if the lesson was perfect?
We asked study participants to choose from those who most often evaluate everything that happens at school. More than 95 percent of study participants indicated who was present in the lesson.
The additions were:
- Anyone can determine. But any such assessment will be subjective;
- It's a difficult question. Like with a work of art. On the one hand, the lesson must be recognized by someone who understands it as an expert. On the other hand, it should not leave the audience indifferent. At the same time, he may not be understood. The teacher, most likely, will definitely want to change something in it. The lesson may not be understood, even though it is ideal for someone;
- God as an example of the Ideal;
- Ideal representatives of the education sector;
- Time will show;
- This is not worth doing.
Considering that almost everyone has ideas about an ideal lesson, it was impossible not to ask: should (can) the ideas about an ideal lesson coincide between the teacher, students, their parents, and the administration?
Two answers were offered; in short, “yes” and “no.”
In their opinions, the study participants gave a more general formula of answers: “No, they shouldn’t. But they may coincide” and explained: “Everyone always has their own opinion about ideality”, “It is impossible to achieve a single idea at the moment.”
I would like to thank the participants in our study for their active participation and kind attitude, agree with Anisa Akhatova’s comment: “An ideal lesson can be considered when your students, upon hearing the bell, exclaim: “Oooh, the bell! Let’s continue!” And together with Sergei Shurupov we wish everyone creative success.
And also remind you that on April 20 at 16.00 there was a meeting at the Pedagogical Council, where TRIZ master Anatoly Gin spoke about his idea of an ideal lesson. Registered users will receive a free certificate.
What should be the modern lesson? In my opinion, this is both completely new and not losing touch with the past, in a word - a relevant lesson. And also effective, directly related to the interests of the child, his parents, society and the state. The lesson necessarily lays the foundation for the future and prepares the child for life in a changing society.
Download:
Preview:
Essay “Hymn to a modern lesson.”
“In a few years, the student travels the road that humanity has spent thousands of years on. However, he should be led to the goal not blindfolded, but with sight: he must perceive the truth not as a finished result, but must discover it. The teacher must lead this expedition of discovery... But the student must strain his strength, nothing should be given to him for free. It is given only to those who strive.” Adolf Disterweg
What does modern mean? In my opinion, this is both completely new and not losing touch with the past, in a word – a relevant lesson.
Relevant means important, essential for the present time. And also effective, directly related to the interests of the child, his parents, society, and the state. In addition, if the lesson is modern, then it certainly lays the foundation for the future and prepares the child for life in a changing society.
Modern lesson - what is it? Democratic. Where children are not afraid to express their opinions, are not afraid of innovations, a lesson in which the teacher and student feel comfortable.
The teacher must use new technologies and have good computer skills. We must also not forget about health-saving technologies. The success of the lesson largely depends on the professional and personal qualities of the teacher. The teacher and the student are a single whole, we learn together, help each other, the role of the teacher is to guide and control.
The lesson should be creative, promote self-realization of schoolchildren, and the demand for their creative potential. During the lesson, children must act meaningfully in a situation of choice and make decisions in a non-standard situation. All these points should be in a modern lesson. A modern lesson should educate the Creator and the Doer!
A modern lesson should be associated not only with the assimilation by schoolchildren of a certain amount of knowledge, but also with the holistic development of the individual, his cognitive and creative abilities.
Today, the most significant impact on the lesson is exerted by the new content of education: variable educational programs, a new generation of textbooks, workbooks, and a variety of didactic materials make the lesson more interesting, vibrant, and rich.
Criteria for the effectiveness of a modern lesson:
Learning through discovery
Personal development
The student’s ability to design upcoming activities and be its subject
Democracy, openness
The student’s awareness of the activity: how, in what way the result was obtained, what difficulties were encountered, how they were eliminated, and how the student felt at the same time.
Allows students to come to a discovery in a collective search
The student experiences joy from overcoming a learning difficulty, be it a task, an example, a rule, a law, a theorem, or a self-derived concept.
The teacher leads the student along the path of subjective discovery; he manages the problem-searching or research activity of the student.