ASG, that is, sand and gravel mixture, is one of the most common building materials. The products are represented by a wide selection of inert substances, which are useful for backfilling large areas, preparing foundations, creating reinforced concrete products and for decorative purposes. Let's consider the main indicators of the product range offered by manufacturers of PGS GOST 23735.

Features of PGS GOST 23735

Buying ASG is relevant for a wide range of works, including the construction of road surfaces and the construction of buildings for various purposes. The choice of products for specific tasks largely depends on the specifics of use. In addition, ASG prices vary greatly among different mixture options, as the method of application and the complexity of the processing process change.

A fundamental difference exists between materials of natural origin, obtained from gravel-sand rocks and not subjected to further processing, and enriched ASG, which is subject to enrichment, that is, after adding or removing any inclusions from it. Manufacturers of PGS include various characteristics in their products, and the capabilities of the second class of substances can vary significantly depending on the brand and classes of the product.

If we are talking about the extraction of ASG of natural origin, then it is minimally processed, therefore the composition always contains a share of pollutants. For example, in the mountain-gully class there is dust and clay, so this material is not used as a component of the concrete composition. The mixture particles are acute-angled. The second type of product is a higher quality lake-river one, its composition demonstrates greater uniformity, the size and shape of the components are almost the same. The weakness is that the mixture becomes contaminated with organic matter and silt, that is, with everything that settles to the bottom. Marine grade is the purest of natural substances and homogeneous in structure. For this reason, it can be found in the form of concrete filler. Naturally, the prices of sand and gravel mixtures increase with the improvement of parameters, as well as with an increase in the labor intensity of production.

The density of PGS GOST 23735 is the most important characteristic on the basis of which the quality of the material is determined. The more the material complies with the standards specified in the documents, the greater the strength the structure created using the product in question will acquire. Density varies depending on the type of material, with an average of 1.65 tons per cubic meter. Deviations upward/downward are not considered a problem, since the state standard allows the proportion of gravel to construction sand to fluctuate from 10 percent to 90% by weight. This property allows the material to be used for a variety of jobs that differ in specificity, and therefore in the quality of the required products.

Based on the density, you can easily determine the predominant component of the GOST 23735 ASG. If the product contains more sand GOST 8736, then the backfilled volume will become an excellent drainage for foundations and road surfaces. Pouring high-quality concrete products will require a minimum percentage of small particles.

There is a set of technical characteristics that are taken into account when choosing a material, and the price of PGS GOST 23735 also depends on them. Let’s consider each aspect:

size of coarse particles, in particular gravel. Natural material contains components of this class in the size range from 5 to 70 mm. Large grains are suitable for pouring foundations, small grains are suitable for laying pillows and similar structures. At the same time, the largest gravel size varies from 10 to 70 mm. The presence of boulders with fraction sizes from 70 to 150 mm is also allowed;
The shape of the particles plays a role. Grains of a large fraction may have smooth polished edges, which indicates a marine or river origin. The gully class demonstrates the presence of faceted and rough components that adhere better to the cement mortar when pouring foundations. Moreover, usually the latter class has a more reasonable price for ASG, since it is easier to obtain;
ratio of coarse and fine components. The higher the percentage of gravel, the greater the final strength of the structure using the substance. Typically, large particles with sharp edges and the maximum possible proportion of them in the composition are used for pouring concrete;
gravel parameters play an important role and need to be taken into account if you are going to buy an ASG. The bottom line is that the material from which large particles of matter are created varies, depending on the location of the excavation. However, in any natural mixture there is variation between the elements, that is, stronger and weaker grains. The more of the former, the better the quality of the product offered by ASG manufacturers;
The condition of the sand is no less important. Parameters such as fineness modulus, mineralogical composition, size and shape of individual sand grains are analyzed;
the percentage of impurities other than gravel and sand negatively affects the strength of the finished structure or backfilled base. For this reason, the less organic matter and other materials it contains, the higher the quality, and therefore the price, of ASG. The content of particulate dust and clay should be less than 5%, and clay in lumps - less than 1%;
Frost resistance is assessed in order to analyze the service life of the finished system depending on the region of construction work. It can only be assessed after laboratory testing. There is an interesting feature that sand-gravel mixtures demonstrate after they are poured into concrete: resistance to low temperatures increases in the presence of constant high pressure.

The specified quality parameters, after their comprehensive analysis, are included in the certificate. The document is issued for each delivery, so it can be assessed before pouring. If there are no papers for the imported raw materials, then this is a reason to doubt its quality. However, if the project being implemented does not have to bear significant loads, then some are willing to take the risk, because the low prices of ASG when used in the simplest structures will allow serious savings.

What does GOST say?

By analogy with the entire range of building materials, GOST regulates the parameters of ASG, in this case it is document 23735-2014, as well as GOST 25607-2009, which regulates the characteristics of ASG for the foundations of airfields and highways. At the same time, the document refers to GOSTs 8267, 8736 and others, which regulate the technical characteristics of sand and crushed stone. In addition to these elements, the required ratio of clay particles, the parameters of the grains of the components of various fractions, as well as the background radiation are prescribed.

If you buy a natural-type ASG, the percentage of gravel inclusions from the total mass will be 10-90%. You can buy enriched ASG in four classes, depending on the percentage of gravel:

15-25 %;
35-50 %;
50-65 %;
65-75 %.

The level of dust, clay and organic components should be minimal. In AGS GOST 23735, there is no more than five percent of these substances of natural origin, and enriched substances show their share of no more than 3%.

The activity of the radionuclides in the mixture is regulated by GOST 30108 and is divided into three classes of material:

the first group is focused on the construction of roads and airfield runways, here the Aeff level varies in the range of 740-1500 Bq/kg;
370-740 is used for industrial building projects;
to the specified minimum value of the previous group - for the construction of a residential class.

ASG GOST 23735 can be considered the main one, since it contains standards for the mixtures themselves, including the rules for their shipment, acceptance, labeling and storage. Testing of products is carried out by the manufacturer on the basis of paragraphs of documents 8267, 8269, 8735 and 8736.

State standards allow the above-mentioned variation in the size of gravel fractions. However, there are product brands that use much larger components. The maximum value in this case is 150 mm. If we are talking about enriched products, then the requirements are stricter: four classes of 10, 20, 40 and 70 mm maximum.

Use and production of AGS GOST 23735

It is reasonable to buy ASG for various jobs. If the mixture is used for road construction, it is most often to create drainage or add a top layer. Often, products are used to level the landscape, for example, when arranging a personal plot or processing a large area after construction, when the top layer of soil is seriously damaged by heavy equipment. It is important to fill trenches and pits, even using large volumes of the mixture. In this regard, affordable prices for ASG are considered an advantageous factor, causing economic benefits in the case of implementing a project of any scale. Using products of natural origin, communications are repaired and new highways for various purposes are laid.

If the label of the selected product contains the OPGS mark, then this means that this is an enriched product. The difference from the one under consideration is that it is enriched and the requirements for it are higher. As a result, the quality is better, but you can buy ASG of this type at a higher cost. The structure of the composition is more homogeneous, and fractions can be artificially introduced, if necessary, with any indicators. It is believed that such material is preferable for the construction of especially critical foundations and similar structures designed for operation under increased loading influences.

Extraction of PGS GOST 23735 is carried out using various methods depending on the type of quarry. There are slope quarries, the location of which is connected with the slopes of the hills. Such areas are usually located in mountainous areas and belong to the dry class. The second type is flat, that is, the deposits are located at the level or even deeper than the top layer of the earth. This option can be either watered or dry. In this case, if there is a high water level, the quarry is drained using drains or drains. If it is intended to use mining equipment in water, the deposit will be flooded.

If the future PGS GOST 23735 is located in a reservoir (of any type), then the site is classified as a water type of quarry.

There are two main excavation methods used, namely the open and underwater methods. The first is more widespread and involves equipment such as excavators, suspension systems and dump trucks for transportation. For excavation from water, dredges, rope-type scrapers and draglines, as well as similar systems, are used.

The main technology that allows you to extract and subsequently buy ASG is explosions. Due to them, the rock is not only separated from the massif, but crushed to the required fraction.

It is noted that the deposit is often covered by a layer of foreign material, such as clay or soil. Such a substance is called overburden and a special coefficient is taken into account during quarrying, that is, the ratio of foreign material to the target one. Work to remove the outer layer is carried out in order to eliminate contamination of the mixture itself, improve its quality characteristics and, as a result, increase the selling prices of ASG.

Another technology is fluid mechanics, which is characterized by maximum productivity. The method is relevant when extracting the necessary substance from the bottom of various reservoirs, including flat-type quarries that have been flooded. In this vein, they use hydraulic monitors, that is, tubular barrels with a nozzle at the end. Liquid is supplied through the system under high pressure and a concentrated jet. As a result, a pulp is formed that naturally flows into the dumps; if there is no slope, then sludge suckers and pipelines are used for transportation. The described mechanisms can crush rocks of even very high density at high speed and without contamination. If a weak substrate is produced, then a little pressure is enough.

We offer to buy high-quality ASG that meets GOST standards and has passed the necessary quality tests. The Price Monitoring portal presents ASG prices from various trusted suppliers who are ready to take on an order of any volume and provide all the necessary documentation.

GOST 23735-79

INTERSTATE STANDARD

SAND-GRAVEL MIXTURES
FOR CONSTRUCTION WORK

TECHNICAL CONDITIONS

IPC PUBLISHING HOUSE OF STANDARDS
Moscow

INTERSTATE STANDARD

Date of introduction 01.07.80

This standard applies to natural and enriched sand and gravel mixtures used:

Natural - for the construction of road surfaces, the top layer of bases for coatings, for drainage layers and for other purposes in road construction in accordance with the requirements of the rules and regulations for the construction of highways;

Enriched (obtained from natural sand and gravel mixtures by enrichment) - in accordance with the requirements of building codes and regulations for the relevant types of construction work.

The standard does not apply to natural sand and gravel mixtures used as a semi-finished product for subsequent processing by consumers.

1. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

1.1. Sand-gravel mixtures are characterized by:

The largest grain size of gravel;

Indicators adopted for evaluating gravel according to GOST 8267 (grain composition, strength, grain content of weak rocks, frost resistance, content of dust, clay and silty particles, clay in lumps and mineralogical and petrographic composition);

Indicators adopted for assessing sand according to GOST 8736 (grain composition and fineness modulus, content of dust, clay and silt particles, including clay in lumps, content of organic impurities and mineralogical and petrographic composition).

1.2. In a natural sand-gravel mixture, the content of gravel grains larger than 5 mm should be no less than 10% and no more than 95% by weight.

1.3. The enriched sand-gravel mixture, depending on the content of gravel grains, is divided into five groups:

From 15 to 25%

St. 25 » 35%

» 35 » 50%

» 50 » 65%

» 65 » 75%

Supply of enriched sand-gravel-crushed stone mixture is allowed. In this case, crushed stone is included in the gravel component of the sand-gravel mixture.

1.4. The largest grain size of gravel (D naib ) in a natural sand and gravel mixture should be at least 10 mm and no more than 70 mm.

1.5. The enriched sand-gravel mixture should have gravel grains of the largest coarseness (D naib ) one of the following values: 10; 20; 40 or 70 mm.

1.6. By agreement of the parties, it is possible to supply a sand and gravel mixture with gravel grains with a particle size of over 70 mm, but not more than 150 mm.

1.7. The grain composition of gravel included in the natural sand-gravel mixture must meet the requirements specified in table. .

Table 1

1.8. The grain composition of gravel included in the enriched sand-gravel mixture must meet the requirements specified in table. .

table 2

1.9. The strength of gravel included in the natural and enriched sand-gravel mixture, the content of weak rock grains in it and frost resistance must meet the requirements of GOST 8267.

1.10. The sands included in the natural sand-gravel mixture in terms of grain composition must meet the requirements of GOST 8736 for coarse, medium, fine and very fine sands.

The sands included in the enriched sand-gravel mixture must meet the grain composition requirements of GOST 8736 for coarse, medium and fine sands. The content of particles passing through a sieve with mesh No. 014 in sands that are part of a natural sand-gravel mixture should not exceed 20%, and enriched - 10% by weight.

1.11. The content of dust and clay particles in a natural sand-gravel mixture should not exceed 5%, including 1% clay in lumps, and 3% and 0.5% by weight, respectively, in an enriched mixture.

1.12. Sand and gravel mixtures should not contain clogging inclusions.

1.13. Natural and enriched sand-gravel mixtures depending on the value of the total specific effective activity of natural radionuclides A eff is used:

for the production of materials, products and structures used for the construction and reconstruction of residential and public buildings in A eff up to 370 Bq/kg;

for the production of materials, products and structures used for the construction of industrial buildings and structures, as well as the construction of roads within the territories of settlements and areas of prospective development with A eff above 370 Bq/kg to 740 Bq/kg;

for the production of building materials for the construction of roads and airfields outside populated areas with A eff above 740 Bq/kg to 1500 Bq/kg.

If necessary, in national standards in force on the territory of the state, the value of the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides can be changed within the limits specified above.

2. ACCEPTANCE RULES

2.1. The sand-gravel mixture produced by the manufacturing enterprise (quarry) must be accepted by the technical control department of this enterprise.

2.2. Acceptance and delivery of sand and gravel mixture is carried out in batches. A batch is considered to be the amount of sand and gravel mixture simultaneously shipped to one consumer in one train or one barge.

When shipping by road, a batch is considered to be the amount of mixture shipped to one consumer within one day.

2.3. The quantity of the supplied mixture is determined by volume or weight. The mixture is measured in wagons, ships, and cars.

2.4. Weighing the mixture shipped in wagons or automobiles is carried out on railway or automobile scales. The mass of the mixture shipped in ships is determined by the vessel's draft.

2.5. Conversion of the quantity of the mixture from units of mass to units of volume or vice versa is carried out according to the values of the volumetric bulk mass of the mixture in a state of natural humidity. The moisture content of the supplied mixture is established by agreement of the parties, taking into account the conditions of its extraction, experience in operating the quarry, geological exploration data and the time of year.

2.6. Determination of the grain composition of the mixture, the content of dust, clay and silt particles, including clay in lumps, is carried out daily.

2.7. Determination of the strength of gravel and the volumetric bulk mass of the mixture is carried out once a quarter, frost resistance, the total specific effective activity of natural radionuclides of gravel - once a year.

2.8. Sampling of the mixture for testing is carried out in accordance with GOST 8269.0. The sample size is the same as for unfractionated gravel.

2.7, 2.8 (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

2.9. When checking the compliance of the sand-gravel mixture with the requirements of this standard, the consumer must use the sampling procedure given below.

If the test results of one sample are unsatisfactory, a second sample is tested. If the test results of the second sample are unsatisfactory, the batch is not subject to acceptance. If the test results of the second sample are satisfactory, a third sample is tested, the test results of which are final.

Note. It is allowed to carry out a quality control check of the mixture per carload.

2.11. To control the quality of the mixture in a batch shipped by water transport, one sample is taken from each part of the batch with a volume of no more than 500 tons (350 m3). Sampling is carried out when unloading and loading the vessel from conveyor belts or other types of loading and unloading equipment.

The quality of the mixture is determined by the arithmetic average of the test results of all samples.

2.13. The mass of samples taken for control testing of a batch of railway cars, ships or cars in accordance with the requirements of paragraphs. - must be at least 5 times the total mass of samples for testing according to GOST 8269.0. Samples are reduced to the required size using the quartering method or using grooved dividers.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

3. TEST METHODS

3.1. Testing of gravel and sand included in the sand-gravel mixture for all indicators, except grain composition, is carried out separately according to GOST 8269.0 and GOST 8735.

To prepare the mixture for testing, it is divided into gravel and sand, while ensuring the maximum content of gravel in sand and sand in gravel, established respectively by GOST 8736 and GOST 8267.

3.2. The determination of the grain composition of the mixture is carried out in the same manner as the determination according to GOST 8269.0 of the grain composition of unfractionated gravel, by sifting on sieves after preliminary drying of the entire sample to a constant weight. In this case, the standard set of sieves additionally includes the following sieves: a sieve with round holes with a diameter of 2.5 mm and a mesh of 1.25; 0.63 and 0.315. Partial residues on sieves are calculated as a percentage of the initial mass of the sifted sample, including the amount of material that passed through a sieve with holes measuring 0.14 mm.

3.3. The content of dust and clay particles in the mixture, including clay in lumps and the total specific effective activity of natural radionuclides, is determined as a weighted average of the results of determining their content in gravel and sand.

3.1 – 3.3 (Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

3.4. The total specific effective activity of natural radionuclides is determined by the gamma spectrometric method according to GOST 30108.

(Introduced additionally, Amendment No. 1).

4. MARKING, TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

4.1. The manufacturing enterprise (quarry) is obliged to accompany each batch of the supplied mixture with a document of the established form, which must indicate:

name of the manufacturing enterprise (quarry) and its address;

date of preparation of the document and its number;

name and address of the consumer;

batch number and quantity of sand and gravel mixture;

wagon numbers or vessel number and invoice numbers;

type of sand and gravel mixture (natural or enriched);

largest gravel size;

grain composition of gravel;

gravel grade by strength;

frost resistance of gravel;

sand fineness module, residue on sieve No. 063 and passage through sieve No. 014;

designation of this standard;

total specific effective activity of natural radionuclides.

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1).

4.2. The manufacturer (quarry) must inform the consumer, upon request, of the following characteristics of gravel: a description of the mineralogical and petrographic composition, a description of the shape and surface condition of the grains included in the mixture, as determined during geological exploration.

4.3. The manufacturing enterprise (quarry) must inform the consumer, upon request, of the characteristics of the sand included in the mixture, established during geological exploration, including a description of the mineralogical and petrographic composition, a description of the shape and nature of the surface of the grains, its density, voids, specific surface area, index potential reactivity (if there are reactive minerals in the sand).

4.4. Sand and gravel mixtures are transported and stored under conditions that protect them from clogging and contamination.

5. SUPPLIER WARRANTY

5.1. The manufacturing enterprise (quarry) must guarantee compliance of the sand and gravel mixture with the requirements of this standard.

INFORMATION DATA

1. DEVELOPED by the Ministry of Construction Materials Industry of the USSR, the Ministry of Transport Construction

INTRODUCED by the USSR Ministry of Construction Materials Industry

2. APPROVED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by Resolution of the USSR State Committee for Construction Affairs dated June 22, 1979 No. 92

3. INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

Change No. 1 was adopted by the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization, Technical Regulation and Certification in Construction (MNTKS) on May 17, 2000

State name	Name of the state construction management body
The Republic of Azerbaijan	State Construction Committee of the Azerbaijan Republic
Republic of Armenia	Ministry of Urban Development Republic of Armenia
Republic of Belarus	Ministry of Construction and Architecture of the Republic of Belarus
The Republic of Kazakhstan	Committee for Construction Affairs of the Ministry of Energy, Industry and Trade of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Republic of Kyrgyzstan	State Committee under the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic for Architecture and Construction
The Republic of Moldova	Ministry of Environment and Territorial Improvement of the Republic of Moldova
Russian Federation	Gosstroy of Russia
The Republic of Tajikistan	Committee for Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Tajikistan
The Republic of Uzbekistan	State Committee for Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Uzbekistan

4. REFERENCE REGULATIVE AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS

5. EDITION (May 2003) with Amendment No. 1, adopted in December 2000 (IUS 5-2001)

GOST 23735-79

Group Zh17

STATE STANDARD OF THE USSR UNION

SAND-GRAVEL MIXTURES
FOR CONSTRUCTION WORK
Specifications

Sandy-gravel mixtures for construction work.
Specifications

OKP 57 1130 Date of introduction 1980-07-01

APPROVED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by Resolution of the USSR State Committee for Construction Affairs dated June 22, 1979 N 92

Reissue

This standard applies to natural and enriched sand and gravel mixtures used:

natural - for the construction of road surfaces, the top layer of bases for coatings, for drainage layers and for other purposes in road construction in accordance with the requirements of the rules and regulations for the construction of highways;

enriched (obtained from natural sand and gravel mixtures by enrichment) - in accordance with the requirements of building codes and regulations for the relevant types of construction work.

The standard does not apply to natural sand and gravel mixtures used as a semi-finished product for subsequent processing by consumers.

1. Technical requirements

1.1. Sand-gravel mixtures are characterized by:

the largest grain size of gravel;

indicators adopted for evaluating gravel according to GOST 8268-82 (grain composition, strength, grain content of weak rocks, frost resistance, content of dust, clay and silty particles, clay in lumps and mineralogical and petrographic composition);

indicators adopted for assessing sand according to GOST 8736-93* (grain composition and fineness modulus, content of dust, clay and silty particles, including clay in lumps, content of organic impurities and mineralogical and petrographic composition).

1.2. In a natural sand-gravel mixture, the content of gravel grains larger than 5 mm should be no less than 10% and no more than 95% by weight.

1.3. The enriched sand-gravel mixture, depending on the content of gravel grains, is divided into five groups:

from 15 to 25%

Supply of enriched sand-gravel-crushed stone mixture is allowed. In this case, crushed stone is included in the gravel component of the sand-gravel mixture.

1.4. The largest grain size of gravel (D(max)) in a natural sand-gravel mixture should be no less than 10 mm and no more than 70 mm.

1.5. The enriched sand-gravel mixture must have the largest gravel grain size (D(largest)) of one of the following values: 10; 20; 40 or 70 mm.

1.6. By agreement of the parties, it is possible to supply a sand and gravel mixture with gravel grains with a particle size of over 70 mm, but not more than 150 mm.

1.7. The grain composition of gravel included in the natural sand-gravel mixture must meet the requirements specified in table. 1.

Table 1

1.8. The grain composition of gravel included in the enriched sand-gravel mixture must meet the requirements specified in table. 2.

table 2

1.9. The strength of gravel included in the natural and enriched sand-gravel mixture, the content of weak rock grains in it and frost resistance must meet the requirements of GOST 8268-82.

1.10. The sands included in the natural sand-gravel mixture in terms of grain composition must meet the requirements of GOST 8736-85 for coarse, medium, fine and very fine sands.

The sands included in the enriched sand-gravel mixture must meet the grain composition requirements of GOST 8736-85 for coarse, medium and fine sands. The content of particles passing through a sieve with mesh N 014 in sands that are part of a natural sand-gravel mixture should not exceed 20%, and enriched 10% by weight.

1.12. Sand and gravel mixtures should not contain clogging inclusions.

2. Acceptance rules

2.1. The sand-gravel mixture produced by the manufacturing enterprise (quarry) must be accepted by the technical control department of this enterprise.

When shipping by road, a batch is considered to be the amount of mixture shipped to one consumer within one day.

2.3. The quantity of the supplied mixture is determined by volume or weight. The mixture is measured in wagons, ships, and cars.

2.4. Weighing the mixture shipped in wagons or automobiles is carried out on railway or automobile scales. The mass of the mixture shipped in ships is determined by the vessel's draft.

2.6. Determination of the grain composition of the mixture, the content of dust, clay and silt particles, including clay in lumps, is carried out daily.

2.7. Determination of the strength of gravel and the volumetric bulk mass of the mixture is carried out once a quarter, frost resistance of gravel - once a year.

2.8. Sampling of the mixture for testing is carried out in accordance with GOST 8269-76. The sample size is the same as for unfractionated gravel.

2.9. When checking the compliance of the sand-gravel mixture with the requirements of this standard, the consumer must use the sampling procedure given below.

2.10. To control the quality of the mixture in a batch shipped by rail, samples are taken for a batch size of up to 3 wagons - from each wagon, for a larger batch size - from 3 wagons as directed by the consumer. Each sample is taken during loading or unloading of the mixture from at least five places in the car at different depths. Samples taken from different cars are not mixed and tested separately. If the test results of one sample are positive, the remaining samples are not tested.

Note. It is allowed to carry out a quality control check of the mixture per carload.

2.11. To control the quality of the mixture in a batch shipped by water transport, one sample is taken from each part of the batch with a volume of no more than 500 tons (350 cubic meters). Sampling is carried out when unloading and loading the vessel from conveyor belts or other types of loading and unloading equipment.

The quality of the mixture is determined by the arithmetic average of the test results of all samples.

2.12. To control the quality of the mixture shipped by road, one sample is taken from each part of the batch weighing no more than 500 tons (350 cubic meters). Each sample is taken from at least 5 cars.

2.13. The mass of samples taken for control testing of a batch of railway cars, ships or cars in accordance with the requirements of paragraphs. 2.10-2.12, must be at least 5 times the total mass of samples for testing in accordance with GOST 8269-76. Samples are reduced to the required size using the quartering method or using grooved dividers.

3. Test methods

3.1. Testing of gravel and sand included in the sand-gravel mixture for all indicators, except grain composition, is carried out separately according to GOST 8269-76 and GOST 8735-75.

To prepare the mixture for testing, it is divided into gravel and sand, while ensuring the maximum content of gravel in sand and sand in gravel, established respectively by GOST 8736-85 and GOST 8268-82.

3.2. Determination of the grain composition of the mixture is carried out in the same manner as the determination according to GOST 8269-76 of the grain composition of unfractionated gravel, by sifting on sieves after preliminary drying of the entire sample to constant weight. In this case, the standard set of sieves additionally includes the following sieves: a sieve with round holes with a diameter of 2.5 mm and a mesh of 1.25; 0.63 and 0.315. Partial residues on sieves are calculated as a percentage of the initial mass of the sifted sample, including the amount of material that passed through a sieve with holes measuring 0.14 mm.

4. Labeling, transportation and storage

4.1. The manufacturing enterprise (quarry) is obliged to accompany each batch of the supplied mixture with a document of the established form, which must indicate:

name of the manufacturing enterprise (quarry) and its address;

date of preparation of the document and its number;

name and address of the consumer;

batch number and quantity of sand and gravel mixture;

wagon numbers or vessel number and invoice numbers;

type of sand and gravel mixture (natural or enriched);

largest gravel size;

grain composition of gravel;

gravel grade by strength;

frost resistance of gravel;

sand fineness module, residue on sieve No. 063 and passage through sieve No. 0.14;

designation of this standard.

4.4. Sand and gravel mixtures are transported and stored under conditions that protect them from clogging and contamination.

5. Supplier guarantees

5.1. The manufacturing enterprise (quarry) must guarantee compliance of the sand and gravel mixture with the requirements of this standard.

GOST 23735-79: Sand-gravel mixtures for construction work

GOST 23735-79
Group Zh17

STATE STANDARD OF THE USSR UNION

SAND-GRAVEL MIXTURES FOR CONSTRUCTION WORK

Specifications

Sandy-gravel mixtures for construction work.
Specifications

OKP 57 1130 Date of introduction 1980-07-01

APPROVED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by Resolution of the USSR State Committee for Construction Affairs dated June 22, 1979 N 92

Reissue

This standard applies to natural and enriched sand and gravel mixtures, applied:
natural - for the construction of road surfaces, the top layer of bases for coatings, for drainage layers and for other purposes in road construction in accordance with the requirements of norms and regulations for the construction of highways;
enriched (obtained from natural sand and gravel mixtures by enrichment) - in accordance with requirements building codes and rules for the corresponding types construction work.

The standard does not apply to natural sand and gravel mixtures, used as a semi-finished product for subsequent processing by consumers.

1. Technical requirements

1.1. Sand and gravel mixtures characterize:
content gravel And sand in a mixture;
largest grain size gravel;
gravel according to GOST 8268-82 (grain composition, strength, grain content of weak rocks, frost resistance, content of dust, clay and silty particles, clay in lumps and mineralogical and petrographic composition);

Indicators adopted for assessment sand according to GOST 8736-93* (grain composition and particle size modulus, content of dust, clay and silt particles, including clay in lumps, content of organic impurities and mineralogical and petrographic composition).

1.2. In natural sand and gravel mixture the content of gravel grains larger than 5 mm must be no less than 10% and no more than 95% by weight.

1.3. depending on grain content gravel is divided into five groups:

From 15 to 25%
St. 25" 35%
" 35 " 50%
" 50 " 65%
" 65 " 75%

It is allowed to supply enriched sand-gravel-crushed stone mixture. Wherein crushed stone included in the gravel component sand and gravel mixture.
1.4. Largest grain size gravel(D(naib)) in natural sand and gravel mixture must be at least 10 mm and no more than 70 mm.
1.5. Enriched sand and gravel mixture must have gravel grains of the largest size (D(largest)) of one of the following values: 10; 20; 40 or 70 mm.
1.6. By agreement of the parties, delivery is allowed sand and gravel mixture, with gravel grains larger than 70 mm, but not more than 150 mm.
1.7. Grain composition gravel, which is part of the natural sand and gravel mixture, must meet the requirements specified in table. 1.
Table 1
Test sieves size, mm
D(max)
2D(max)
0-15
0
1.8. Grain composition gravel, which is part of the enriched sand and gravel mixture, must meet the requirements specified in table. 2.
table 2
Test sieves size, mm
0.5(D(min)+D(max))
D(max)
1.25D(max)
Total residue on sieves by weight, %
40-80
0-10
0
1.9. Strength gravel, which is part of natural and enriched sand and gravel mixture, the content of grains of weak rocks and frost resistance must meet the requirements of GOST 8268-82.
1.10. Sands, included in the natural sand and gravel mixture in terms of grain composition, must meet the requirements of GOST 8736-85 for large, medium, small and very small sands.
Sands, included in the enriched sand and gravel mixture, must meet the grain composition requirements of GOST 8736-85 for coarse, medium and fine sands. The content of particles passing through a sieve with mesh N 014 in sands that are part of the natural sand and gravel mixture, should not exceed 20%, and enriched 10% by weight.
1.11. The content of dust and clay particles in natural sand and gravel mixture should not exceed 5%, including 1% clay in lumps, and 3% and 0.5% by weight, respectively, in enriched clay.
1.12. Sand and gravel mixtures must not contain clogging inclusions.
1.13. Sand and gravel mixtures are not certified by quality categories.

2. Acceptance rules

2.1. Sand and gravel produced by the manufacturing enterprise (quarry) must be accepted by the technical control department of this enterprise.
2.2. Acceptance and delivery sand and gravel mixture produced in batches. A batch is considered to be the number sand and gravel mixture, simultaneously shipped to one consumer in one train or one barge.
When shipping by road, a batch is considered to be the amount of mixture shipped to one consumer within one day.
2.3. The quantity of the supplied mixture is determined by volume or weight. The mixture is measured in wagons, ships, and cars.
2.4. Weighing the mixture shipped in wagons or automobiles is carried out on railway or automobile scales. Mass PGS, shipped in ships, is determined by the draft of the vessel.
2.5. Quantity recalculation PGS from units of mass to units of volume or vice versa is carried out according to the values of the volumetric bulk mass PGS in a state of natural humidity. Humidity supplied PGS established by agreement of the parties, taking into account the conditions of its extraction, the experience of operating the quarry, geological exploration data and the time of year.
2.6. Determination of grain composition PGS, the content of dust, clay and silt particles, including clay in lumps, is carried out daily.
2.7. Determination of strength gravel and volumetric bulk mass PGS produced once a quarter, frost resistance gravel- once a year.
2.8. Sample selection PGS for testing they are produced in accordance with GOST 8269-76. The sample size is the same as for unfractionated gravel.
2.9. Consumer during compliance check sand and gravel mixture This standard requires the following sampling procedures to be applied.
2.10. For quality control PGS in a batch shipped by rail, samples are taken for a batch size of up to 3 wagons - from each wagon, for a larger batch size - from 3 wagons as directed by the consumer. Each sample is taken during loading or unloading PGS from at least five places in the car at different depths. Samples taken from various carriages PGS do not mix and test separately. In case of positive test results of one sample PGS other samples are not tested.
If the test results of one sample are unsatisfactory, a second sample is tested. If the test results of the second sample are unsatisfactory PGS the batch is not subject to acceptance. If the test results of the second sample are satisfactory, a third sample is tested, the test results of which are final.

Note. It is allowed to carry out a quality control check of the mixture per carload.

2.11. For quality control PGS in a batch shipped by water transport, one sample is taken from each part of the batch with a volume of no more than 500 tons (350 cubic meters). Sampling is carried out when unloading and loading the vessel from conveyor belts or other types of loading and unloading equipment.

Quality PGS determined by the arithmetic average of the test results of all samples.
2.12. For quality control PGS shipped by road, one sample is taken from each part of the batch weighing no more than 500 tons (350 cubic meters). Each sample is taken from at least 5 cars.
2.13. The mass of samples taken for control testing of a batch of railway cars, ships or cars in accordance with the requirements of paragraphs. 2.10-2.12, must be at least 5 times the total mass of samples for testing in accordance with GOST 8269-76. Samples are reduced to the required size using the quartering method or using grooved dividers.

3. Test methods

3.1. Trial gravel and sand, included in sand and gravel mixture, for all indicators, except for grain composition, are produced separately according to GOST 8269-76 And GOST 8735-75.
For the preparation of PGS for testing it is divided into gravel and sand, while ensuring maximum content gravel in the sand and sand in gravel, installed accordingly GOST 8736-85 And GOST 8268-82.
3.2. Determination of grain composition PGS carried out in the same order as the determination by GOST 8269-76 unfractionated grain composition gravel, sieving on sieves after preliminary drying of the entire sample to constant weight. In this case, the standard set of sieves additionally includes the following sieves: a sieve with round holes with a diameter of 2.5 mm and a mesh of 1.25; 0.63 and 0.315. Partial residues on sieves are calculated as a percentage of the initial mass of the sifted sample, including the amount of material that passed through a sieve with holes measuring 0.14 mm.
3.3. The content of dust and clay particles in PGS, including clay in lumps, is determined as a weighted average of the results of determining their content in gravel and sand.

4. Labeling, transportation and storage

4.1. The manufacturing enterprise (quarry) is obliged to accompany each batch of supplied PGS a document of the established form, which must indicate:
name of the manufacturing enterprise (quarry) and its address;
date of preparation of the document and its number;
name and address of the consumer;
batch number and quantity sand and gravel mixture;
wagon numbers or vessel number and invoice numbers;
view sand and gravel mixture(natural or enriched);
content gravel as part of a mixture;
largest size gravel;
the content of dust, clay and silt particles in the mixture, including clay in lumps;
grain composition of gravel;
brand gravel by strength;
content of soft rock grains in gravel;
frost resistance gravel;
fineness modulus sand, residue on sieve No. 063 and passage through sieve No. 0.14;
designation of this standard.
4.2. The manufacturing enterprise (quarry) must inform the consumer at his request of the following characteristics gravel: description of the mineralogical and petrographic composition, description of the shape and state of the surface of the grains included in the mixture, established during geological exploration.
4.3. The manufacturer (quarry) must inform the consumer at his request of the characteristics sand, included in PGS, established during geological exploration, including a description of the mineralogical and petrographic composition, a description of the shape and nature of the surface of grains, its density, voids, specific surface area, indicator of potential reactivity (if there are reactive minerals in the sand).
4.4. Sand and gravel mixtures transported and stored in conditions that protect them from contamination and contamination.

5. Supplier guarantees

5.1. The manufacturing enterprise (quarry) must guarantee compliance sand and gravel mixture requirements of this standard.

INTERSTATE COUNCIL FOR STANDARDIZATION. METROLOGY AND CERTIFICATION

INTERSTATE

STANDARD

SAND-GRAVEL MIXTURES FOR CONSTRUCTION WORK

Specifications

Official publication

Staydarinform

Preface

The goals, basic principles and basic procedure for work on interstate standardization are established by GOST 1.0-92 “Interstate standardization system. Basic provisions" and GOST 1.2-2009 "Interstate standardization system. Interstate standards, rules and recommendations for interstate standardization. Rules for development, adoption, application, updating and cancellation"

Standard information

1 DEVELOPED by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Research and Design and Survey Institute for the Problems of Mining, Transport and Processing of Mineral Raw Materials in the Construction Materials Industry" (FSUE "VNIPIIstromsyrye")

2 INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 465 “Construction”

3 ADOPTED by the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (protocol dated December 5, 2014 No. 46-2014)

4 By Order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology dated December 12, 2014 No. 2033-st, the interstate standard GOST 23735-2014 was put into effect as a national standard of the Russian Federation on July 1, 2015.

5 INSTEAD GOST 23735-79

Information about changes to this standard is published in the annual information index “National Standards”, and the text of changes and amendments is published in the monthly information index “National Standards”. In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this standard, the corresponding notice will be published in the monthly information index “National Standards”. Relevant information, notifications and texts are also posted in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet

In the Russian Federation, this standard cannot be fully or partially reproduced, replicated and distributed as an official publication without permission from the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology

INTERSTATE STANDARD

SAND-GRAVEL MIXTURES FOR CONSTRUCTION WORKS Technical specifications

Sandy-gravel mixtures Gog construction work. Specifications

Date of introduction - 2015-07-01

1 area of use

This standard applies to sand-gravel mixtures obtained from gravel-sand and boulder-gravel-sand rocks in accordance with GOST 31426 and used for the construction of lower layers of bases for road surfaces, drainage layers, road embankments, temporary roads, backfilling of pits, trenches, installations cushions for monolithic foundations, filling foundations for various sites, for planning and landscaping, for reclamation and other types of construction, in accordance with the requirements of building codes and regulations for the relevant types of work.

This standard does not apply to sand and gravel mixtures used as aggregates for concrete.

This standard uses normative references to the following interstate standards:

GOST 8267-93 Crushed stone and gravel from dense rocks for construction work. Specifications

GOST 8269.0-97 Crushed stone and gravel from dense rocks and industrial waste for construction work. Methods of physical and mechanical tests

GOST 8735-88 Sand for construction work. Test methods

GOST 8736-93 Sand for construction work. Specifications

GOST 25607-2009 Crushed stone-gravel-sand mixtures for coatings and foundations of highways and airfields. Specifications

GOST 30108-94 Construction materials and products. Determination of specific effective activity of natural radionuclides

GOST 31426-2010 Loose rocks for the production of sand, gravel and crushed stone for construction work. Technical requirements and test methods.

Application - When using this standard, it is advisable to check the validity of the reference standards in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet or using the annual information index “National Standards”, which was published as of January 1 of the current year, and on issues of the monthly information index “National Standards” for the current year. If the reference standard is replaced (changed), then when using this standard you should be guided by the replacing (changed) standard. If the reference standard is canceled without replacement, then the provision in which a reference is made to it is applied in the part that does not affect this reference.

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms with corresponding definitions are used in this standard:

3.1 sand-gravel mixture: A building material that is a mixture of sand and gravel.

3.2 sand: Rock and mineral fragments rounded to varying degrees, ranging in size from 0.05 to 5 mm.

Official publication

3.3 gravel: Fragments of rocks and minerals, rounded to varying degrees, measuring over 5 to 70 mm.

3.4 boulders: Fragments of rocks and minerals over 70 mm in size, rounded to varying degrees.

3.5. bulk density: The ratio of the mass of an air-dry sand-gravel mixture to its volume in an uncompacted state.

4 Technical requirements

4.1 Sand and gravel mixture is produced and supplied in two types:

Natural sand-gravel mixture obtained by mining gravel-sand rocks and supplied without any further processing:

Enriched sand-gravel mixture obtained by mining gravel-sand and boulder-gravel-sand rocks and supplied after its enrichment: removal or addition of certain granulometric fractions of sand and (or) gravel, removal of boulders and (or) dust and clay particles .

4.2 Sand-gravel mixtures are assessed by general indicators characterizing the properties of the sand-gravel mixture as a whole, and indicators characterizing its gravel and sand components.

4.3 General indicators of the properties of sand and gravel mixture

4.3.1 General indicators of the properties of a sand-gravel mixture include:

Grain composition:

Largest gravel grain size:

Bulk density;

Specific effective activity of natural radionuclides:

Filtration coefficient (as required by the consumer).

4.3.2 The grain composition of the sand-gravel mixture is characterized by the content of sand fractions less than 0.16 mm in size, from 016 to 0.315 mm. from 0.315 to 0.63 mm. from 0.63 to 1.25 mm. from 1.25 to 2.5 mm and from 2.5 to 5.0 mm; gravel fractions ranging in size from 5 to 10 mm. from 10 to 20 mm. from 20 to 40 mm and from 40 to 70 mm: fractions of boulders ranging in size from 70 to 100 mm and from 100 to 150 mm.

4.3.3 In a natural sand-gravel mixture, the content of gravel grains should be no less than 10% and no more than 90% by weight.

				from 15% to 25%;
				se. 25% 9 35%;

4.3.4 The enriched sand-gravel mixture, depending on the content of gravel grains, is divided into five groups:

It is allowed to supply an enriched sand-gravel mixture obtained by adding to the mixture or removing from it gravel or sand, or both at the same time: it is also allowed to add crushed stone or crushed sand to the mixture, or both at the same time. In this case, when determining the mixture group, crushed stone is included in the gravel component, crushed sand - in the sand component of the mixture.

The permissible content of crushed stone and crushed sand in the enriched mixture is determined by agreement with the consumer.

4.3.5 The largest grain size of gravel D*** in a natural sand and gravel mixture must be no less than 10 mm and no more than 70 mm.

4.3.6 Largest gravel grain size in enriched sand-gravel mixture

must have one of the following values: 10, 20.40 or 70 mm.

4.3.7 By agreement of the parties, the supply of sand and gravel mixture with the largest grain size over 70 mm is allowed. but not more than 150 mm.

meet the requirements given in table 1.

Table 1

Table 2

4.3.11 The specific effective activity of natural radionuclides of sand and gravel mixtures must comply with the requirements given in GOST 30108. Appendix A.

4.3.12 Sand and gravel mixtures should not contain clogging inclusions.

4.4 Indicators of the properties of gravel and sand components

4.4.1 Indicators of the properties of the gravel component include:

Grain composition (at the consumer’s request);

Gravel strength;

Frost resistance:

Mineralogical and petrographic composition.

4.4.2 The strength of gravel included in the natural and enriched sand-gravel mixture, the content of weak rock grains in it and frost resistance must comply with the requirements of GOST 8267.

4.4.3 Indicators of the properties of the sand component include:

Grain composition;

Size module;

Mineralogical and petrographic composition (at the consumer’s request)

4.4.4 Sands included in the natural sand-gravel mixture, in terms of grain composition, must comply with the requirements of GOST 8736 for coarse, medium, fine and very fine sands. The content of particles passing through a sieve with mesh No. 016 should not exceed 20% by weight.

4.4.5 Sands included in the enriched sand-gravel mixture must, in terms of grain composition, comply with the requirements of GOST 8736 for coarse, medium and fine sands. The content of particles passing through a sieve with mesh No. 016 should not exceed 10% by weight.

5 Acceptance rules

5.1 Sand and gravel mixtures must be accepted by the technical control of the manufacturer. Acceptance and delivery of sand and gravel mixture is carried out in batches.

5.2 A batch is considered to be the quantity of sand and gravel mixture established in the supply contract and simultaneously shipped to one consumer in one railway car or in one vessel. When shipping by road, a batch is considered to be the amount of sand and gravel mixture shipped to one consumer per day.

5.3 To verify compliance of the quality of the sand-gravel mixture with the requirements of this standard, acceptance inspection and periodic testing are carried out.

5.4 Acceptance control at the manufacturer is carried out daily by testing a combined sample taken in accordance with GOST 8269.0.

5.5 During acceptance control, the following is determined:

Grain composition of sand and gravel mixture;

5.6 During periodic tests, determine:

Once a quarter and whenever the properties of the rock being developed change: the strength of gravel and the bulk density of the mixture (bulk density at humidity during shipment is determined as necessary);

Once a year - frost resistance of gravel and the class of the sand-gravel mixture according to the value of the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides.

5.7 When checking the quality of the sand-gravel mixture, the consumer must use the procedure for sampling from vehicles provided for by GOST 8267.

5.8 The quantity of supplied sand and gravel mixture is determined by volume or weight as agreed between the supplier and the consumer in accordance with GOST 8267 or GOST 8736.

5.9 The manufacturer must accompany each batch of supplied sand and gravel mixture with a quality document indicating:

Name of the manufacturer and its address;

Number and date of issue of the document;

Name and address of the consumer;

Batch number, name and quantity of supplied sand and gravel mixture in cubic meters;

Wagon numbers or vessel number and invoice numbers:

Type of sand and gravel mixture;

Grain composition of the mixture;

The largest grain size of gravel;

Mark the size of the gravel in the mixture;

Frost resistance grade of gravel in the mixture;

Sand fineness module, passage through a sieve with mesh No. 016;

Specific effective activity of natural radionuclides of the mixture;

Designation of this standard.

6 Test methods

6.1 The grain composition of the sand-gravel mixture is determined in the manner established by GOST 8269.0. At the same time, the standard set of sieves includes additional sieves with meshes N9 063. 0315 and 016.

6.3 The bulk density of the sand-gravel mixture is determined according to GOST 8269.0. specific effective activity of natural radionuclides - according to GOST 30108. filtration coefficient - according to GOST 25607.

6.4 To determine the properties of gravel and sand included in the sand-gravel mixture, it is divided into gravel and sand, while ensuring the maximum content of gravel in sand and sand in gravel, established respectively by GOST 8736 and GOST 8267.

6.5 The grain composition of gravel is determined by calculation using data on the grain composition of the sand-gravel mixture obtained in accordance with 6.1. The content in gravel of each of the fractions included in its composition a,%, is determined by the formula

where a t tf is the content of the gravel fraction in the sand-gravel mixture. %;

6.6 The strength of gravel, the content of weak rock grains in it, frost resistance, the content of dust and clay particles and clay in lumps are determined according to GOST 8269.0.

6.7 The grain composition of sand is determined by calculation using data on the grain composition of the sand-gravel mixture obtained in accordance with 6.1. The content in the sand of each of the fractions included in its composition a. R. %. determined by the formula

""""AND*. (2)

where a aJat is the content of the sand fraction in the sand-gravel mixture. %:

The total content of sand fractions in the sand-gravel mixture. %.

6.8 The modulus of sand fineness, the content of dust and clay particles, clay in lumps and organic impurities (humic substances) are determined according to GOST 8735.

7 Transportation and storage

7.1 Sand and gravel mixtures are transported in bulk in vehicles of any type in accordance with the current transportation rules.

7.2 Sand and gravel mixtures are transported and stored in conditions that protect them from clogging and contamination.

UDC 691.22:006.354 MKS 91.100.15

Key words: sand-gravel mixtures, technical requirements, acceptance rules, test methods

Signed for publication on 02/02/2015. Format 60x84%.

Uel. oven l. 0.93. Circulation 35 eq. Zach. 274.

Prepared based on the electronic version provided by the developer of the standard

FSUE "STANDARTINFORM"

123995 Moscow, Granatny per.. 4.