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Damless all-season hydroelectric power station

A damless all-season hydroelectric power station (BVHPP) is proposed, which is designed to generate electricity without constructing a dam by using the energy of gravity flow.

Due to the manufacture of various standard sizes for different flow speeds, as well as cascade installation, BVGES installations can be used both in small farms and for industrial electricity production, especially in places remote from power lines.

Structurally, the rotor of a hydroelectric power station is installed vertically, the height of the rotor is from 0.25 to 2.5 m... The structure is fixed on rivers with freeze-up at the bottom of the channel, and in an open (non-freezing channel) __ on a fixed catamaran.

The power of the installation is proportional to the area of ​​the blade and the flow speed in the cube. The dependence of the power received at the shaft of the BVGES on its size and flow speed, as well as the estimated cost of the hydraulic unit is presented in the following table:

BVHPP power, kW depending on flow speed and installation size

The payback period of the installation does not exceed 1 year. A prototype of the BVGES was tested at a full-scale water test site.

Currently, there is technical documentation for the production of industrial samples according to customer specifications.

Pressure micro and small hydroelectric power stations

Hydraulic units for small hydroelectric power plants are designed for operation in a wide range of pressures and flow rates with high energy characteristics.

Microhydroelectric power stations are reliable, environmentally friendly, compact, quick-payback sources of electricity for villages, farmsteads, holiday villages, farms, as well as mills, bakeries, small industries in remote mountainous and hard-to-reach areas where there are no power lines nearby, and building such lines is now feasible longer and more expensive than purchasing and installing micro hydroelectric power stations.

The delivery set includes: a power unit, a water intake device and an automatic control device.

There is successful experience in operating equipment at the drops of existing dams, canals, water supply and drainage systems of industrial enterprises and municipal facilities, wastewater treatment plants, irrigation systems and drinking water pipelines. More than 150 sets of equipment have been delivered to customers in various regions of Russia, CIS countries, as well as Japan, Brazil, Guatemala, Sweden and Latvia.

The main technical solutions used to create the equipment are at the level of inventions and are protected by patents.

1. MICROHYDRO POWER PLANTS

with propeller impeller
— power up to 10 kW (MGES-10PR) for a pressure of 2.0-4.5 m and a flow rate of 0.07 - 0.14 m3/s;
— power up to 10 kW (MGES-10PR) for a head of 4.5-8.0 m and a flow rate of 0.10 - 0.21 m3/s;
— power up to 15 kW (MGES-15PR) for a head of 1.75-3.5 m and a flow rate of 0.10 - 0.20 m3/s;
— power up to 15 kW (MGES-15PR) for a pressure of 3.5-7.0 m and a flow rate of 0.15 - 0.130 m3/s;
- power up to 50 kW (MGES-50PR) for a head of 4.0-10.0 m and a flow rate of 0.36 - 0.80 m3/s;

with diagonal impeller
- power 10-50 kW (MGES-50D) for a pressure of 10.0-25.0 m and a flow rate of 0.05 - 0.28 m3/s;
— power up to 100 kW (MGES-100D) for a head of 25.0-55.0 m and a flow rate of 0.19 - 0.25 m3/s;

2. HYDRO UNITS FOR SMALL HYDRO POWERS

Hydraulic units with axial turbines with a power of up to 1000 kW;
-hydraulic units with radial-axial turbines with a power of up to 5000 kW;
-hydraulic units with bucket turbines with a power of up to 5000 kW;

DELIVERY TIME

Micro hydroelectric power station 10 kW; 15 kW is delivered within 3 months after signing the contract.
Micro hydroelectric power station 50 kW; delivered within 6 months after signing the contract.
Micro hydroelectric power station 100 kW; delivered within 8 months after signing the contract.
Hydraulic units are delivered within 6 to 12 months after signing the contract.

The company’s specialists are ready to help you determine the optimal option for installing micro and small hydroelectric power plants, select equipment for them, assist in the installation and commissioning of hydraulic units, as well as provide after-sales service for the equipment.
during its operation.

COST OF EQUIPMENT

Russian-made micro-hydroelectric power station

Appearance

Micro-hydroelectric power station 10 kW

Micro-hydroelectric power station 50 kW

InzhInvestStroy

Mini hydroelectric power station. Microhydroelectric power plants

Small hydroelectric power station or small hydroelectric power station (SHPP) is a hydroelectric power station that generates a relatively small amount of electricity and consists of hydroelectric power plants with an installed capacity of 1 to 3000 kW.

Micro hydroelectric power plant designed to convert the hydraulic energy of a fluid flow into electrical energy for further transmission of the generated electricity to the power system.

The term micro means that this hydroelectric power station is installed on small water bodies - small rivers or even streams, technological streams or differences in elevation of water treatment systems, and the power of the hydraulic unit does not exceed 10 kW.

SHPPs are divided into two classes: micro-hydroelectric power plants (up to 200 kW) and mini-hydroelectric power plants (up to 3000 kW). The former are used mainly in households and small enterprises, the latter - in larger facilities.

For the owner of a country house or small business, the former are obviously of greater interest.

Based on the principle of operation, micro-hydroelectric power plants are divided into the following types:

Water wheel. This is a wheel with blades, mounted perpendicular to the surface of the water and half immersed in it. During operation, water puts pressure on the blades and causes the wheel to rotate.

From the point of view of ease of manufacture and obtaining maximum efficiency at minimum cost, this design works well.

Therefore, it is often used in practice.

Garland mini-hydroelectric power station. It is a cable thrown from one bank of the river to the other with rotors rigidly attached to it. The flow of water rotates the rotors, and from them the rotation is transmitted to a cable, one end of which is connected to the bearing, and the other to the generator shaft.

Disadvantages of a garland hydroelectric power station: high material consumption, danger to others (long underwater cable, rotors hidden in the water, blocking the river), low efficiency.

Rotor Daria.

This is a vertical rotor that rotates due to the pressure difference on its blades. The pressure difference is created due to the flow of liquid around complex surfaces. The effect is similar to the lift of a hydrofoil or the lift of an airplane wing. In fact, SHPPs of this design are identical to wind generators of the same name, but are located in a liquid medium.

The Daria rotor is difficult to manufacture; it needs to be untwisted before starting work.

But it is attractive because the rotor axis is located vertically and power can be taken off over water, without additional gears. Such a rotor will rotate with any change in flow direction. Like its airborne counterpart, the efficiency of the Daria rotor is inferior to that of propeller-type small hydroelectric power plants.

Propeller.

This is an underwater “windmill” with a vertical rotor, which, unlike an air one, has blades of a minimum width of only 2 cm. This width provides minimal resistance and maximum rotation speed and was chosen for the most common flow speed - 0.8-2 meters per second.

Propeller SHPPs, as well as wheeled ones, are easy to manufacture and have relatively high efficiency, which is the reason for their frequent use.

Classification of mini hydroelectric power stations

Classification by power output (areas of application).

The power generated by a micro hydroelectric power station is determined by a combination of two factors, the first is the pressure of water flowing onto the blades of the hydraulic turbine, which drives the generator generating electricity, and the second factor is the flow rate, i.e.

the volume of water passing through the turbine in 1 second. Flow is the determining factor when classifying a hydroelectric power station as a specific type.

Based on the generated power, small hydroelectric power stations are divided into:

  • Household power up to 15 kW: used to provide electricity to private households and farms.
  • Commercial up to 180 kW: supply electricity to small businesses.
  • Industrial with a capacity of over 180 kW: they generate electricity for sale, or energy is transferred to production.

Classification by design


Classification by installation location

  • High-pressure - more than 60 m;
  • Medium pressure - from 25 m;
  • Low-pressure - from 3 to 25 m.

This classification implies that the power plant operates at different speeds, and a number of measures are taken to stabilize it mechanically, because

the flow rate depends on the pressure.

Components of mini hydroelectric power station

The power generating installation of a small hydroelectric power station consists of a turbine, a generator and an automatic control system. Some of the system elements are similar to solar or wind generation systems. Main elements of the system:

  • Hydro turbine with blades, connected by a shaft to the generator
  • Generator.

    Mini hydroelectric power station (HPP) for home

    Designed to generate alternating current. Attached to the turbine shaft. The parameters of the generated current are relatively unstable, but nothing similar to power surges occurs during wind generation;

  • Hydro turbine control unit provides start and stop of the hydraulic unit, automatic synchronization of the generator when connected to the power system, control of operating modes of the hydraulic unit, and emergency stop.
  • Ballast load block, designed to dissipate power currently unused by the consumer, avoids failure of the electric generator and monitoring and control system.
  • Charge controller/stabilizer: designed to control battery charge, control blade rotation and voltage conversion.
  • Bank AKB: a storage tank, the size of which determines the duration of autonomous operation of the object powered by it.
  • Inverter, many hydro-generation systems use inverter systems. If there is a battery bank and a charge controller, hydraulic systems are not much different from other systems using renewable energy sources.

Mini hydroelectric power station for a private house

Rising electricity tariffs and the lack of sufficient capacity make urgent questions about the use of free energy from renewable sources in households.

Compared to other sources of renewable energy sources, mini hydroelectric power stations are of interest, since with equal power to a windmill and a solar battery, they are capable of delivering much more energy in an equal period of time.

A natural limitation on their use is the lack of a river

If a small river, stream flows near your house, or there are elevation changes on lake spillways, then you have all the conditions for installing a mini hydroelectric power station. The money spent on its purchase will quickly pay for itself - you will be provided with cheap electricity at any time of the year, regardless of weather conditions and other external factors.

The main indicator that indicates the efficiency of using SHPPs is the flow rate of the reservoir.

If the speed is less than 1 m/s, then it is necessary to take additional measures to accelerate it, for example, make a bypass channel of variable cross-section or organize an artificial height difference.

Advantages and disadvantages of microhydropower

The advantages of a mini hydroelectric power station for the home include:

  • Environmental safety (with reservations for juvenile fish) of equipment and the absence of the need to flood large areas with colossal material damage;
  • Ecological purity of the energy produced.

    There is no effect on the properties and quality of water. Reservoirs can be used both for fishing activities and as sources of water supply for the population;

  • Low cost of generated electricity, which is several times cheaper than that generated at thermal power plants;
  • Simplicity and reliability of the equipment used, and the possibility of its operation in autonomous mode (both within and outside the power supply network).

    The electric current they generate meets GOST requirements for frequency and voltage;

  • The full service life of the station is at least 40 years (at least 5 years before major repairs);
  • inexhaustibility of resources used to generate energy.

The main disadvantage of micro-hydroelectric power stations is the relative danger for the inhabitants of aquatic fauna, because Rotating turbine blades, especially in high-speed flows, can pose a threat to fish or fry.

general information

Micro hydroelectric power plant (Micro HPP) is designed to provide power supply to a consumer isolated from the power grid.

The complete supply of micro-hydroelectric power plants is shown in Table 1

Terms of Use:

— air temperature, 0 ° C

— at the power point from -10 to +40;

— at the location of electrical cabinets from 0 to +40;

— altitude above sea level, m up to 1000; (When installing a micro-hydroelectric power station at an altitude of more than 1000 m, the maximum power must be limited)

— relative air humidity at the location of electrical cabinets does not exceed 98% at t = + 250 ° C.

The warranty period for micro-hydroelectric power stations is 1 year from the date of its launch, but not more than 1.5 years from the date of dispatch, installation of control and commissioning of work with the participation of the company and compliance with the rules of transport, storage and operation of experts.

Complete supply of micro-hydroelectric power plants

Table 1

technical data

MicroHP specifications are shown in Table 2

table 2

parameter

Head (net), m

Water consumption, m3/s

Output power, kW

Rotation speed, rpm

Voltage, V

Current frequency, Hz

Disc diameter, mm

Feed diameter, mm

Requirements for the network and consumer load (the load is determined as a percentage of the actual input to the micro-hydroelectric power station):

- characteristics of local, four-phase, three-phase;

— power of each engine,% not more than 10;

Total motor power, if additional compensation capacitors are installed, % not more than 30.

DESIGN

The power supply is designed to generate electricity and consists of a hydraulic turbine and an asynchronous motor, which is used as a generator.

It is designed to absorb excess active power of micro-hydroelectric power plants. BNN is a cabinet containing thermoelectric heaters.

The automatic control device is designed to control and protect the drive. It provides excitation of an asynchronous generator and automatic control of the produced voltage and frequency.

UAR provides protection against overload, overvoltage and short circuits

The water supply device is made in the form of a network box, inside of which there is a water supply hose with a closing housing.

The water supply device is designed in such a way that floating residues do not enter the drive.

Complete, installation and connection dimensions are shown in Figure 1.

installation requirements

For the operation of a micropower plant, the presence of pressure (difference in water levels) is a precondition (see Figure 2).

Full screen hydroelectric dam

The head may be obtained due to the difference in watermarks between:

- two rivers;

- lake and river;

- on the same river, due to the flattening of the curve.

Pressure is also possible during dam construction.

Figure 2 shows the installation of micro HP according to the barrier design diagram. To create pressure on the turbine along the river, which has many slopes and rapids, an outlet pipeline is installed.

A small rock dam dissipates to increase the pressure.

The piping must provide water for the installation with minimal loss of head.

The length of the pipeline is determined by local conditions.

Before the power supply, the inlet and main valves required to start and stop the micro HPW must be installed on the pipeline.

Rice. 1
In general, the installation and connection dimensions of Micro HPP 10Pr.
1 - drive,
2 - block ballast load BBN,
3 - Automatic control device UAR

Low power cogeneration plants (review)

Cogeneration plants for individual houses - micro-CHP,« Micro-CHP (microCHP)" is an abbreviation for " heat and power combined” (combining heat and electricity) is an installation designed for heating individual housing) is one of the most interesting areas of development of heating technology.

Micro-CHP(microCHP) have already found thousands of users and will be included in manufacturer catalogs in the coming years.

Various technical solutions are implemented in manufactured and designed designs - from the traditional internal combustion engine (Otto engine), to steam turbines and piston engines, as well as the Stirling external combustion engine. When promoting this equipment, manufacturers make arguments of both economic and environmental nature: high (more than 90%) total Efficiency micro-CHP ensures a reduction in energy supply costs and the volume of harmful emissions, in particular carbon dioxide, into the atmosphere.

Company Senertec GmbH, part of Baxi Group, which has sold about one and a half ten thousand installations to date Dachs(Badger) with an internal combustion engine.

Electric power - from 5 kW, thermal power - from 12.5 to 20.5. Senertec offers an energy center for an individual home, and when using several modules, for a large commercial facility. In addition to the compact cogeneration module, it includes, as standard, a buffer storage tank with a capacity of up to 1000 liters with a heat station mounted on it, combining all the piping elements necessary for heating and domestic hot water.

Additionally there is also an external condensation heat exchanger. Various models of Dachs units operate on natural, liquefied gas, and diesel fuel.

There is a Dachs RS model designed to run on biodiesel fuel made from rapeseed oil. The estimated cost of the gas model is 25 thousand euros.

Micro-CHP (Mini-BHKW) ecopover German company PoverPlus Technologies(included in Vaillant Group) is already sold on the European market.

Its electrical power is modulated in the range from 1.3 to 4.7, thermal - in the range from 4.0 to 12.5 kW. The total efficiency of the installation exceeds 90%; its fuel is natural or liquefied gas.

The estimated cost of the model is 20 thousand euros.

At the end of last year the company Otag Vertribes A pilot batch of floor-mounted gas micro-CHP was released lion ®-Powerblock electrical power 0.2-2.2, thermal - 2.5-16.0 kW.

It uses steam two-cylinder engine with a double freely moving piston: steam alternately enters the left and right cylinders, driving the working piston.

The steam generator of the apparatus consists of a forced-air burner and a steel coil; steam temperature - 350 °C, pressure - 25-30 bar. Its condensation is carried out directly in the apparatus.

As expected, lion ® on pellets will be available in April 2010.

Company Microgen(UK), one of the leaders in production mini-CHP, first developed Stirling's engine so small in size that it can be built into the boiler of an autonomous heating system.

by the company Baxi Heating UK announced its intention to bring to the UK market in 2008 a compact (wall-mounted) micro-CHP with an electrical power of 1 kW and a thermal power of up to 36 kW. The installation was developed jointly with Microgen Energy and is a combination of a compact single-piston Stirling engine created by it with a Baxi condensing boiler.

The model is equipped with two burners: the first - forced-air modulation - ensures the operation of the electric generator and produces 15 kW of thermal power, the second - satisfies the additional heat demand of the facility. A prototype of the installation was presented at the ISH-2007 exhibition.

Microgen, in collaboration with Dutch natural gas supplier Gausine and De Dietrich Remeha Group, producing boilers Remeha, develops a complete solution for heating and electricity generation.

De Dietrich-Remeha Group plans to produce and sell wall-mounted condensing boiler with built-in Stirling engine. It has already been exhibited at the ISH-2007 and 2009 exhibitions. The boiler will be produced in single- and double-circuit versions. Some technical characteristics of the boiler: Its thermal output will be 23 kW, in the second case - 28 kW; electric power - 1 kW; Stirling heat output – 4.8 kW, efficiency at 40/30°C - more than 107%, low CO2 and NOx emissions, noise level - less than 43 dB(A) per 1 m.

Dimensions: 900x420x450 mm.

The most important advantage of the HRE boiler is that part of its high output of up to 107% (thanks to condensing technology) is used to generate electricity. The cost of electricity, as well as emissions of harmful substances, are reduced by 65% ​​compared to thermal power plants using traditional fuel.

For an average home, the “Remeha-HRE” boiler produces 2500 – 3000 kW per year, which is 75% of average consumption, thereby saving approximately 400 euros per year. When heating and generating electricity, emissions of harmful substances are reduced by 20%. 8 boilers are being tested in Holland. An additional 120 boilers are currently being launched for larger testing. Commercial production is expected to begin in 2010.

In Japan, more than 30,000 homeowners have installed micro-CHP Honda with quiet, efficient internal combustion engines housed in a sleek metal body.

KOHLER® Automated Gas Generating Units made in the USA with a power of 13 kVA, intended for use in residential buildings.

They have optimal compactness and excellent sound insulation.

Gas generators are designed for outdoor installation and do not require a special room. Both natural main gas and liquefied gas in cylinders or gas holders are suitable for their operation.

The automatic emergency control system makes their use safe and comfortable.

This equipment allows you to most effectively solve the following, unfortunately, not uncommon problems with power supply that owners of country houses face:

  • The network is good, there is enough power, but sometimes there are power outages
  • The network is weak, overloaded, strong voltage sags, frequent outages
  • Insufficient capacity allocated by the electricity supply organization
  • There is no network at all

You will never lack energy!

Your home needs energy.

KOHLER® generator sets are made with professional quality but designed for home use so you can continue your activities and enjoy comfort even during a power outage. KOHLER® generator sets are compact, noise-insulated and turn on automatically in the event of a power outage, ensuring normal life in your home can continue and complete peace of mind.

Have confidence in your KOHLER® generator set.

It will start working if there is a power outage, no matter whether you are at home or not, and will provide your home with electricity, for example, in order to:

  • Refrigerators and freezers continued to operate.
  • Air conditioning, heating and alarm systems were functioning.
  • Drainage pumps, frost protection systems, etc. were functioning.
  • Provide energy for your computer system.
  • Everyday life continued without loss.

KOHLER® generator sets are permanently installed outside the home and turn on automatically to generate energy if the mains power supply is interrupted.

  • Reliable power supply.

    Power failures can cause damage to electrical equipment (plasma displays, electronic temperature controlled refrigerators, computers, etc.).

    Hydroelectric power stations in Russia

    KOHLER® generator sets provide backup power that meets European residential standards. The KOHLER® generator set will not damage expensive electronic equipment!

  • Better sound insulation. KOHLER® generator sets operate virtually silently, maintaining comfortable conditions for you and your neighbors. The noise level during operation is no higher than 65 decibels at a distance of 7 m, which corresponds to the noise of a conventional household air conditioner.
  • Quick start.

    KOHLER® generator sets restore power within seconds. They have an automatic weekly testing system to keep the unit in working order during infrequent use.

  • Fuel. KOHLER® generator sets are suitable for operation with liquid propane gas or natural gas, as well as diesel fuel.

    Gas generator sets have low emissions, making them more environmentally friendly, quieter and require less frequent maintenance.

    The choice is yours.

  • KOHLER® quality. KOHLER® is a recognized international group of companies with almost 90 years of experience in the production of generator sets for the provision of backup energy. The first installation was assembled in 1920.

Characteristics of the SDMO RES 13 gas generator

Power plants and generators

To main

Small hydroelectric power plants are usually divided into two types: “mini” - providing a unit of power up to 5000 kW, and “micro” - in the range from 3 to 100 kW. The use of hydroelectric power plants of such capacity is not new for Russia, but it is a well-forgotten old thing: in the 50s and 60s, thousands of small hydroelectric power plants operated.

Currently, their number almost reaches hundreds of pieces. Meanwhile, the constant rise in prices for fossil fuels leads to a significant increase in the cost of electricity, the share of which in production costs is 20% or more. In this regard, a small hydroelectric power station received a new life.

Modern hydropower, compared to other traditional types of electricity, is the most efficient and environmentally friendly way to produce electricity.

A small hydroelectric power station continues in this direction. Small power plants make it possible to preserve the natural landscape and environment not only during the operation phase, but also during the construction process.

Mini hydroelectric power station 10-15-30-50 kW

It does not have a negative impact on water quality in the future: it completely retains its original natural properties.

In rivers of canned fish, water can be used for aquatic plant species. Unlike other clean renewable energy sources such as solar and wind, small hydroelectric power plants are virtually independent of weather conditions and can provide a stable supply of energy to economical consumers. Another benefit of using little energy is saving money.

At a time when natural sources of energy - oil, coal and gas - are being depleted, constant growth is more expensive, the use of cheap, accessible renewable energy sources, especially small ones, allows for the production of cheap electricity. In addition, the construction of small hydroelectric power plants is cheap and quickly pays for itself. Thus, the construction of a small hydroelectric power station with an installed capacity of about 500 kW, the cost of construction work is about 14.5-15.0 million rubles.

In the combined table, design documentation, equipment construction, construction and installation of small hydroelectric power plants are put into operation for 15-18 months. High frequency electricity from hydroelectric power stations is no more than 0.45-0.5 rubles per 1 kWh, 1. This is five times lower than the costs of electricity actually sold by the power system.

By the way, in the next year or two years they intend to increase the electric power systems by 2-2.2 times, so construction costs will be repaid in 3.5-5 years. The implementation of such a project will not harm the environment from an environmental point of view.

In addition, it should be noted that reconstruction, previously deducted from the operation of a small hydroelectric power station, will cost 1.5-2 times less.

Many Russian scientific and industrial organizations and companies are engaged in the design and development of equipment for such hydroelectric power plants.

One of the largest is the intersectoral scientific and technical association “INSET” (St. Petersburg). INSET specialists have developed and patented original technical solutions for automated control systems for small and micro hydroelectric power plants. The use of such systems does not require the constant presence of maintenance personnel on site - the hydraulic unit operates reliably in automatic mode. The control system can be implemented on the basis of a programmable controller, which allows you to visually monitor the parameters of the hydraulic unit on a computer screen.

Hydraulic units for small and micro hydroelectric power plants produce MNTO "integrated", designed to operate over a wide range of flows and pressures with high energy properties and manufactured using propeller, radial and axial turbine blades.

The scope of supply generally includes a turbine, generator and automatic control of the hydraulic unit. The flow rates of all turbines are based on a mathematical modeling method.

Low energy is the most effective solution to energy problems for areas belonging to areas of decentralized power supply, which accounts for more than 70% of the territory of Russia. Providing energy to remote regions and energy shortages requires significant costs.

And here it is far from useful to use the capabilities of the existing federal energy system. The economic potential in Russia is significantly higher than the potential of renewable energy sources, such as wind, solar energy and biomass combined. In the national energy program, the INSET company is developing the “Concept of development and facilities for the placement of small hydroelectric power plants in the Republic of Tyva”, according to which this year will put into operation a small hydroelectric power station in the village of Kyzyl-Khaya.

Currently, INSET hydroelectric power plants operate in Russia (Kabardino-Balkaria, Bashkortostan), the Commonwealth of Independent States (Belarus, Georgia), as well as in Latvia and other countries.

Eco-friendly and economical mini-energy has long attracted the attention of foreigners.

Micro INESET operates in Japan, South Korea, Brazil, Guatemala, Sweden, Poland.

Free electricity - do-it-yourself mini hydroelectric power station

If there is a river or even a small stream flowing near your home, then with the help of a homemade mini hydroelectric power station you can get free electricity. Perhaps this will not be a very large addition to the budget, but the realization that you have your own electricity costs much more.

Well, if, for example, at a dacha, there is no central power supply, then even small amounts of electricity will be simply necessary. And so, to create a homemade hydroelectric power station, at least two conditions are required - the availability of a water resource and desire.

If both are present, then the first thing to do is measure the speed of the river flow.

This is very simple to do - throw a twig into the river and measure the time during which it floats 10 meters. Dividing meters by seconds gives you the current speed in m/s. If the speed is less than 1 m/s, then a productive mini hydroelectric power station will not work.

In this case, you can try to increase the flow speed by artificially narrowing the channel or making a small dam if you are dealing with a small stream.

As a guide, you can use the relationship between the flow speed in m/s and the power of electricity removed from the propeller shaft in kW (screw diameter 1 meter).

The data is experimental; in reality, the resulting power depends on many factors, but it is suitable for evaluation. So:

  • 0.5 m/s – 0.03 kW,
  • 0.7 m/s – 0.07 kW,
  • 1 m/s – 0.14 kW,
  • 1.5 m/s – 0.31 kW,
  • 2 m/s – 0.55 kW,
  • 2.5 m/s – 0.86 kW,
  • 3 m/s -1.24 kW,
  • 4 m/s – 2.2 kW, etc.

The power of a homemade mini hydroelectric power station is proportional to the cube of the flow velocity.

As already indicated, if the flow speed is insufficient, try to artificially increase it, if this is of course possible.

Types of mini-hydroelectric power plants

There are several main options for homemade mini hydroelectric power plants.


This is a wheel with blades mounted perpendicular to the surface of the water.

The wheel is less than half immersed in the flow. Water presses on the blades and rotates the wheel. There are also turbine wheels with special blades optimized for liquid flow. But these are quite complex designs, more factory-made than home-made.


It is a vertical axis rotor used to generate electrical energy.

A vertical rotor that rotates due to the pressure difference on its blades. The pressure difference is created due to the flow of liquid around complex surfaces. The effect is similar to the lift of a hydrofoil or the lift of an airplane wing. This design was patented by Georges Jean-Marie Darrieux, a French aeronautical engineer in 1931. Also often used in wind turbine designs.

Garland a hydroelectric power station consists of light turbines - hydraulic propellers, strung and rigidly fixed in the form of a garland on a cable thrown across the river.

One end of the cable is fixed in the support bearing, the other rotates the generator rotor.

Mini-hydroelectric power station - Leneva hydropower unit

In this case, the cable plays the role of a kind of shaft, the rotational motion of which is transmitted to the generator. The flow of water rotates the rotors, the rotors rotate the cable.


Also borrowed from the designs of wind power plants, a kind of “underwater wind turbine” with a vertical rotor. Unlike an air propeller, an underwater propeller has blades of minimal width. For water, a blade width of only 2 cm is sufficient. With such a width, there will be minimal resistance and maximum rotation speed.

This width of the blades was chosen for a flow speed of 0.8-2 meters per second. At higher speeds, other sizes may be optimal. The propeller moves not due to water pressure, but due to the generation of lifting force. Just like an airplane wing. The propeller blades move across the flow rather than being dragged in the direction of the flow.

Advantages and disadvantages of various homemade mini hydroelectric power station systems

The disadvantages of a garland hydroelectric power station are obvious: high material consumption, danger to others (long underwater cable, rotors hidden in the water, blocking the river), low efficiency.

The Garland hydroelectric power station is a kind of small dam. It is advisable to use in uninhabited, remote areas with appropriate warning signs.

Permission from authorities and environmentalists may be required. The second option is a small stream in your garden.

The Daria rotor is difficult to calculate and manufacture.

At the beginning of work you need to unwind it. But it is attractive because the rotor axis is located vertically and power can be taken off over water, without additional gears. Such a rotor will rotate with any change in flow direction - this is a plus.

The most widespread designs for the construction of home-made hydroelectric power plants are the propeller and water wheel.

Since these options are relatively simple to manufacture, require minimal calculations and are implemented at minimal cost, have high efficiency, and are easy to configure and operate.

An example of a simple mini-hydroelectric power station

The simplest hydroelectric power station can be quickly built from an ordinary bicycle with a dynamic headlight.

Several blades (2-3) must be prepared from galvanized iron or thin sheet aluminum. The blades should be the length from the wheel rim to the hub and 2-4 cm wide.

These blades are installed between the spokes using any available method or using pre-prepared fasteners.

If you are using two blades, place them opposite each other.

If you want to add more blades, then divide the circumference of the wheel by the number of blades and install them at equal intervals. You can experiment with the depth of immersion of the wheel with blades in the water. It is usually one-third to one-half immersed.

The option of a traveling wind power plant was considered earlier.

Such a micro hydroelectric power station does not take up much space and will serve cyclists perfectly - the main thing is the presence of a stream or rivulet - which is usually the place where the camp is set up.

A mini hydroelectric power station from a bicycle can illuminate a tent and charge cell phones or other gadgets.

Source

homemadefree flow

A modern wood-burning power plant is very efficient and at the same time relatively inexpensive equipment, the main fuel in which is firewood. Now this equipment is quite widely used in the private residential sector, as well as in small production areas and in field conditions.

The principle of the classical scheme

The very concept of “wood-fired”, according to which a wood-fired thermal power plant operates, you need to understand that as fuel, it is possible to use a variety of materials that can burn. At the same time, the most common and frequently used resource is firewood. You can buy wood-burning power plants from a large assortment on the market at a relatively low cost. The main structure of these types of power plants is as follows:

  • Bake.
  • Special boiler.
  • Turbine.

With the help of a furnace, a boiler is heated in which there is water or there may be a gas special for this purpose. The water is then sent through a pipeline to the turbine. It rotates and with the help of this, electricity is converted in a specially mounted generator. It’s quite easy to make wood-burning power plants with your own hands and it won’t take a lot of time or significant financial investments.

Main features of work

When the power plant is operating, the water will not immediately evaporate, but will constantly flow along the circuit. The exhaust steam cools and then becomes water again, and so on in a circle. Some of the disadvantages of this type of operation of a mini power plant using solid fuel is the rather high risk of explosion. If suddenly the water in the circuit overheats greatly, then the boiler may not be able to withstand it and will burst under pressure. To prevent this, modern systems and automatic valves are used. You can always buy a camping wood-burning power station, which has high efficiency and safety indicators at very low cost.


Also, in the standard steam generator circuit there are some requirements for the water used. It is not recommended to pour ordinary tap water into this equipment. Because it contains a large amount of salts, which over time will become the main cause of plaque on the walls of the boiler used and in the pipes of the power plant, which uses wood as the main fuel.

Such deposits have reduced thermal conductivity, which will negatively affect the operation of a solid fuel power plant, which you can buy with any necessary operating parameters at the most reasonable cost. But now, problems and difficulties with the formation of plaque can be solved quite quickly and easily by using specialized products that are designed to combat the appearance of plaque. They provide an excellent opportunity to very quickly and effectively deal with the formation of plaque in such equipment, which greatly simplifies the process of operating power plants that use wood as fuel.

Various options for wood-fired power plants

Nowadays, a solid fuel tourist mini power station is very popular and inexpensive, which can be purchased from a large assortment. Such power plants are highly popular and in demand among a large number of tourists and travelers. This equipment uses special solid fuel, which provides high levels of efficiency, reliability, and safety in operation.

A mini-power plant using firewood as fuel is a fairly successful and long-used piece of equipment that can be used in various fields of human activity. These types of power plants are very popular among summer residents, where there may be frequent problems with power outages, as well as in hard-to-reach regions where there are no power lines. In addition, camping versions of power plants that use wood or any other solid fuel elements are now becoming increasingly popular.

– not only fresh forest air, but also a lot of problems. Communications laid decades ago often fail to cope with the influx of people wishing to settle in the lap of nature. Either maintenance work, or an accident, or a new neighbor leaving the entire block without power for several hours. And somewhere there are no such benefits: the power line has not yet been laid, the gas pipeline is far away, and the local water utility is in no hurry to cover new horizons. It’s time to think about housing that will not depend on central communications, where you have your own gas, electricity, and running water. That is, build. Is it possible? And in general, how to make country life as independent as possible from external factors?

Give me energy!

The main issue is electricity. All communications depend on it to one degree or another.

Some cottage owners solve the issue of energy supply by purchasing a generator. Since this will be the only source of energy supply for the house, you need to take the choice seriously. It must be reliable, safe, consume the optimal amount of fuel and, of course, produce a minimum of noise.

The main two types of generators are gasoline and diesel. The duration of continuous operation of the gas generator is no more than 12 hours, power is a maximum of 15 kVA (13.5 kW). Usually in cottages they are kept “just in case” and are launched only if the electricity is cut off.

A diesel generator is suitable for constant power supply to the home. It is more powerful than gasoline and has a longer service life. The diesel unit is fireproof. Of course, it cannot be called absolutely silent, but it hums noticeably quieter than its gasoline counterpart. The main advantage of a diesel mini-power plant (as generators are also called) is the ability to save on electricity. Diesel fuel is relatively inexpensive, at least cheaper than gasoline. The diesel generator requires minimal maintenance, and its service life is more than 20 years. So for owners of suburban housing, a diesel power plant is an option to solve the problem.

You can go even further with the issue of energy supply to the cottage - install a mini-CHP. Thermal power plants are turbine, gas piston and mini-turbine. The former are used to provide energy to large industrial enterprises and entire neighborhoods.

For home energy production, the last two options are suitable. Such mini-CHPs take up little space. The structure is about two meters long and approximately 1.5 meters wide and high. Install it in a utility room or next to the cottage, under a canopy. The system is monitored by a computer, so there is no need to hire a special operator. Mini-CHPs can be equipped with gas leak sensors, fire and security systems. This makes them as safe as possible. The service life of mini-CHP is 25-30 years.

What advantages does your own thermal power plant provide compared to public networks?

Firstly, independence from the operation of the central power plant.

Secondly, in addition to its direct “responsibility” - to generate electricity, the mini-CHP will also provide the cottage with hot water. The fact is that during the production of electricity, heat is generated, which is simply thrown away at powerful central power plants. The thermal energy of the mini-CHP is directed to the hot water supply of the house. Thus, the hot water supply will be free for the user of the mini-CHP. Quite a significant bonus, isn't it?

Thirdly, your heat is cheaper. own mini-CHP is commensurate with the payment for connection to the central power grid. For example, in Moscow, connecting to networks costs 45,000 rubles per 1 kW of installed electrical capacity. Within a few years (from 2 to 6), the costs of installing a mini-CHP will pay off, since the annual costs of its maintenance are noticeably lower than the payment for electricity in local networks. According to experts, you can save up to 50 kopecks from every 1 kWh. Considering that electricity prices are constantly rising, own electricity will not hurt anyone.

Thermal insulation – a step towards independence

A logical conclusion: the less energy you consume, the less dependent you are on its source. This is not about saving energy by limiting its consumption; this principle does not at all correspond to the concept of “comfortable life”. The question is different: how to keep the house warm?

The warmer the walls, roof, and ceilings of the home, the less heat escapes outside. This means that less resources are required to heat the premises. In Europe and the USA, people began to think about energy efficiency (minimum consumption of thermal and electrical energy) of buildings quite a long time ago. Gradually, this trend reached our country.

The main factor in the energy efficiency of a building is high-quality thermal insulation. It is worth taking care of it in advance, even before construction begins. Facade, roofing, pipes, ceilings, windows, doors - it is necessary to minimize heat loss in all areas by insulating them well.

The first thing you should pay attention to when choosing a thermal insulation material is the thermal conductivity coefficient. The lower it is, the better. Hydrophobicity is also important - the ability not to absorb moisture, as well as reliability, durability, fire resistance, environmental friendliness, and ease of installation. And in some cases you have to choose a material with minimal weight.

Fibrous mineral wool thermal insulation (glass wool) is the most common category of this house-building product. Glass wool has low thermal conductivity, it is lightweight and fireproof. But fiberglass is subject to shrinkage. Therefore, after just a few years, the quality of thermal insulation may noticeably decrease.

Stone wool is not subject to shrinkage, is environmentally friendly and, importantly, durable. This is a non-flammable material. Stone wool fibers do not melt under the influence of fire, withstanding temperatures up to 1000 ° C. Moreover, in the event of a fire, such thermal insulation can significantly delay the spread of flames and prevent the collapse of structures. So in terms of security, this is perhaps the best option.

For example, for thermal insulation of a facade, you can use the ROCKWOOL ROCKFACADE system (the world's leading manufacturer of stone wool thermal insulation). It not only fulfills its direct function - it retains heat in the house, but also protects the outer wall of the building from the effects of heat, humidity, wind and cold. The fact is that stone wool has high vapor permeability. Air with high humidity, which inevitably appears in a living room, freely escapes outside through the thermal insulation layer. This way the wall will always remain dry and will last much longer.

If you need to insulate floors, a pitched roof, an attic, the inner surface of walls, floors along joists, lightweight ROCKWOOL LIGHT BUTTS slabs with Flexi technology are suitable. This new product has a spring edge - one side of the material is pressed and easily inserted into the frame, and then straightens into it. Any housewife can cope with insulation.

High-quality thermal insulation will protect the house from both winter cold and summer heat. There will be a comfortable climate in the house in any weather. Mini-CHP or kilowatts purchased through traffic - no matter how the heat is obtained, it should stay with you. For a cottage in which autonomous life support systems play a major role, this is especially important

And we have gas in our cottage...

In some cases, an autonomous gas supply system is not just a desire to make your home independent of city gas services, but a necessity. Oddly enough, in our country, where, according to experts, the reserves of “blue fuel” will last for the next 100 years, there are still areas in which one can only dream of mainline gas. However, in some places pressure drops in the central pipeline occur so often that it’s time to think about your own gas storage.
This is quite real. A gas holder - a cylindrical container with a volume of several thousand liters - is buried underground at a distance of about 10 meters from the house. Once to three times a year the tank must be refilled with propane or butane. Such a system is designed for 20–30 years of service.

The cost of installing a gas tank is several times, or even tens of times, more expensive than connecting to the main line. True, in some regions of Russia the prices for connecting to the central gas supply system are so high that having your own gas tank is not much more expensive. Your gas will pay for itself within a few years, since it is cheaper to operate than electricity from the central power system.

...and your own water supply!

Things are also not always the best with central water supply in suburban villages. There are areas that water supply networks have not yet reached, and it is unknown when they will reach them. But this will not prevent you from providing your home with clean water. It’s not for nothing that the Earth is called the blue planet: we have water almost everywhere. You just need to drill a well of sufficient depth.

Neither a well nor a sand well 30-35 meters deep will be able to provide the cottage with the required amount of water, and the quality of such water will be far from the best. These options are only suitable for summer cottages. A modern country house requires a well of several tens of meters. In the south of the Moscow region, groundwater is at a depth of 40 to 70 meters; in the northeast of the Moscow region it will be necessary to drill to a depth of up to 200 meters. What rock separates the site from groundwater - clay, granite, limestone - also needs to be taken into account. Everything related to water and soil on the site can be found out from local well drilling companies.

Since drilling is an expensive process, it is better to think about the water supply of the house even before it is built, and even before the land is purchased.

So, there is an opportunity to get your own water. This means that you can not depend on the presence of a central water supply system, buying a house or plot of land even in the farthest corner from the bustle of the city.

Clean air, a river, a forest... Recently, more and more people have been dreaming of settling away from noisy and polluted cities. In our country, with its endless expanses, there are more than enough opportunities to settle in the lap of nature. The only problem: the farther a cozy green corner is from the metropolis, the fewer conditions it has for a comfortable life. But man is a stubborn creature: if there are no ready-made benefits of civilization, he strives to create them. Therefore, own electricity, gas, and water are becoming the norm. Modern technologies that help make housing autonomous give you the freedom to live where you want.

The capabilities of devices for remote heating control are becoming more and more advanced every year (and what about the year - almost every month!). Developers of smartphone applications try to make them easy to use and easy to understand, even for untrained people. Let us briefly list only the main capabilities of such systems that support:

  • normal operating mode, when the set temperature is maintained throughout the house;
  • zonal mode, when different rooms can have individual temperatures;
  • preventing defrosting of the heating system (freezing of pipes) during the cold season, when you are away from your country house or dacha;
  • the ability to turn on the boiler in advance, for example, you need to warm up a country house when you plan to visit it on weekends or holidays;
  • always be aware of the operation of your autonomous heating and, if necessary, carry out diagnostics;
  • temporary mode, in which at different times during the day the house can maintain its own thermal regime with a significant reduction in material costs for fuel, for example, you can set the boiler to low power (and, accordingly, low fuel consumption) when going to work or on business, and turn on normal mode before returning.

Remote heating control means that any of these modes, as well as specific room temperature values, are changed using mobile communications, or heating is controlled via the Internet.
This approach is part of the ideology of creating a “smart home”, which entails the further development of all engineering systems of the house in order to ensure ease of use and create the most comfortable living conditions.

Which heating system can be controlled remotely?

In country houses and cottages, two-pipe systems with forced circulation of coolant are currently most often used: a circulation pump pumps coolant throughout the heating system, which, thanks to a distributor comb, can be supplied to each heating device.
In such systems, as a rule, a safety block of the heating system is used to protect it from destruction in unforeseen situations, for example, in the event of an increase in pressure above the permissible level.
It is also necessary to have additional equipment to control the operation of the heating system: sensors, special valves and devices for adjusting coolant flow, and it is also necessary to combine various devices into an information network

Weather-compensated heating control

Today it is considered the most promising. In such systems, in addition to the room temperature sensor, an external air temperature meter is also used. In principle, a weather-dependent heating controller will work with one external sensor, but using two allows you to achieve more accurate mode maintenance and even implement self-adaptation of the system to specific temperature changes: if it gets colder outside, then the temperature of the coolant in the system increases in advance, if it gets warmer - then it decreases in advance. In addition to saving fuel, this reduces the inertia of the system, which increases its efficiency and also provides additional cost reduction. One of the basic points of weather-sensitive heating control can be used at a temperature of plus twenty degrees - at which the coolant temperature is taken equal to the ambient temperature, and the heating is actually turned off. It is also necessary to take into account zonal temperature control, i.e. if, for example, a large number of people have gathered in one of the rooms, due to which it has become hotter, then the system detects a local increase in temperature relative to the one set by the weather heating regulator and makes corrections in this zone.
In general, serious battles broke out on the Internet about - Is it worth using weather-sensitive automation at all or is it money thrown away? In short, the opinion of our specialists, confirmed, by the way, by reviews from numerous clients, is unequivocal - yes, it’s worth it, but not in all cases. And in which ones? Answer

Types of remote heating control systems

There are currently two systems in use for remote heating control:

  • using a set of equipment with an Internet gateway. In this case, a Wi-Fi router and an Internet network are required.
  • using a GSM heating control module. A special GSM module with a cellular operator SIM card is required.

Remote control of the boiler room using mobile GSM

What to do if there is no wired Internet in a country house? How can you control the heating in this case?

Yes, it’s very simple - using a special GSM module and, of course, a mobile phone. In fact, the GSM module plays the role of your personal assistant - you called it, gave a command, for example, to heat it hotter by a certain time in advance - and the whole family will arrive in a warm and cozy home. Or, on the contrary, you forgot to turn down the boiler power in the morning when leaving for work - no question, you can do it right from work, via the Internet or directly from your smartphone while you are still getting to work.
A GSM module is a compact device with its own SIM card from any operator (it is important that it provides reliable signal reception in a given area), allowing you to control the indoor climate from any phone (satellite, mobile or fixed line), tablet or PC.

The undisputed leader in the GSM thermostat market is currently the Russian company MicroLine. The company produces a wide range of GSM modules for remote control of heating boilers, including multifunctional controllers that provide control of the most complex heating systems.
You can buy it in the appropriate section on our website. GSM heating control

Depending on the settings made, your phone will receive either short SMS notifications with various information and instructions for changing the settings of the heating boiler, or telephone calls with various information about the operation of the heating system. A special mobile application is installed on the phone (there are versions for Android, iOS, and Windows Phone), which allows direct remote control of almost all parameters of the heating boiler.
A GSM heating control module is essentially a computer connected to external sensors and has the ability to change the operating modes of the heating system. Naturally, the module must be located in the area of ​​reliable reception of mobile operators.

The GSM heating control module can operate in several modes:

  • automatic, when, based on signals from installed sensors, the controller supports specified modes according to a given program;
  • SMS heating control, when the heating system is controlled by sending SMS. In this case, when new data arrives, for example about room temperature, the controller accepts it for execution and begins to support it automatically;
  • warning, by sending alarm messages about the current condition of the house (gas leak, break in the water supply system, etc.);
  • remote control of other devices connected to the GSM module (watering, lighting, alarm, etc.).

GSM – heating control allows you to remotely:

  • receive room temperature reports;
  • receive notifications about the current state of heating equipment;
  • change the operating mode of the system, increasing or decreasing the temperature, including separately in each room.

Heating control is not limited to these functions. In principle, any heating system can be converted into a remote one. To do this, it must have an automatic operating mode, and a special GSM controller must be connected to it to control the heating and communicate with the subscriber.

Is this not enough for you? Then look at the capabilities of multifunctional GSM controllers, for example: ZONT H-1000 or ZONT H-2000 The devices are complex and require professional knowledge during installation and configuration, so installation requires only highly qualified specialists - contact our company, we have them!

Remote control of the boiler using a set of equipment with an Internet gateway

Now let’s consider the option of remote heating control, if your country house or dacha has the Internet and, naturally, a Wi-Fi router (aka router).
Everything is much simpler here - you can look at the capabilities of the devices proposed below and forever forget about worries about the state of the heating system of your home.

Salus IT500 provides control and adjustment of operating parameters in a maximum of two heating zones, for example, in the 1st room on the first floor of the cottage and the shower room on the second floor.
The kit includes an actuator (boiler receiver), a room 2-channel thermostat (weekly boiler programmer, boiler control panel) and an Internet gateway connected to the Internet router (router).

Possibilities for controlling the heating system using a set of equipment with the Salus iT500 Internet gateway:

  • control of heating modes only (boiler and, if necessary, pump);
  • control of multiple heating zones;
  • control of heating and hot water supply of a country house.
  • maintaining different temperatures in different rooms, scheduling temperature conditions by day, hour and minute
  • 6 preset heating modes on delivery
  • hot water heating control, automatic control modes, including energy-saving and holiday mode.
  • a unique system for connecting devices via the Internet, providing reliable connection and control of the heating system: smartphone (or personal computer) -> Internet server -> router (router) -> thermostat -> receiver -> boiler

All equipment is wireless and communicates with each other via a radio channel, i.e. There is no need for electrical wiring. The room thermostat for the heating boiler is programmed for daily, weekly or 5+2 operating modes. The thermostat screen and applications for remote heating control display the current state of the boiler, the current temperature and the set one. Setting the operating schedule can be done from the thermostat panel, through an Internet browser or using a mobile application.
The thermostat has a modern design and is highly reliable and safe to use.
Using additional Salus Controls equipment, it is possible to control, including remotely, heated floors, gas and electric boilers, oil heating systems, as well as almost any other heating systems and devices.
Remote control does not require a dedicated external IP address, the entire system works perfectly on any mobile Internet (Yota, Megafon, Beeline, etc.), control is also possible from computers and mobile devices on Android and iOS operating systems.

What to do if there is no wired Internet in the house, but you have already purchased a Wi-Fi Internet thermostat?

Most likely, the dacha has coverage from mobile operators, isn’t it? So you also have the Internet! Just buy a Wi-Fi router with a USB port and, in addition to it, a 3G or 4G modem. Install a SIM card from any mobile operator into the modem, providing a reliable signal in the area where your home is located. You insert the modem itself into the USB connector of the router and that’s it - now you have the opportunity to control the heating of your dacha remotely!

If the iT500 seems a little expensive for some, the company offers a more budget-friendly solution - an Internet thermostat Salus RT310i
The thermostat has somewhat reduced capabilities compared to its “big brother”, but may turn out to be a worthy replacement for it, thanks to the lower price of the kit. Externally, the RT310i looks more modest compared to the first-class high-tech design of the iT500; it lacks touch controls, but the functionality of the models is almost identical. Except that while the iT 500 is capable of controlling 2 zones of heating or cooling, the RT310i can only control one zone.

Missing the iT500's features? No problem - Salus iT600 can do everything and more!

If you do not have enough iT500 functionality to control only two heating zones, then a more functional one is presented on our website multi-zone(there are wired and wireless versions) system Salus iT 600 Smart Home. Indeed, its capabilities for remote heating control (and more!) are enough for even the most demanding consumer!

iT 600 Smart Home combines the ability to control warm water floors, remote control of heating using thermostats, unified switching at the “smart home system” level, changing the temperature in each room using a smartphone with Internet access, control and management of any electrical appliances in home, connecting window and door opening sensors and many other functionalities. The system was far ahead not only of its competitors in the field of remote heating control, but also set the trend in the field of automation and dispatch of engineering systems for many years to come!

More details about the capabilities of the system can be found in the article:
Smart House. Heating control system SALUS iT600

Attention! The new line of Salus iT600 Smart Home products is already on sale!

Now you can not only control heating remotely, but also protect your home and control electrical appliances!

Now you have the opportunity buy Salus iT600 Smart Home- a new line of automation for the Smart Home!

This is the same full-fledged system for remote heating control via the Internet iT600 plus additional features:

  • use of a universal Internet gateway Smart Home UGE600, which now supports up to 100 wireless devices on the ZigBee network and is used to replace last year's version of the Salus G30 gateway.
  • monitoring and control of various electrical appliances connected to Salus SPE600 smart sockets with the ability to meter consumed electricity
  • connection and control of security alarms using wireless door or window sensors Salus OS600 Door Sensor
  • managing your system has become even more convenient, thanks to the new Salus Smart Home application for smartphones on iOS and Android, the interface of which and device registration have become much simpler and clearer!

All components of the system are wireless devices operating in the modern ZigBee home network standard; now you can create separate groups of devices that work together and to which individual tasks can be assigned.

In the future, the company's engineers intend to expand the capabilities of the smart home control system, but now you can buy Salus iT600 Smart Home, starting with the essentials, and build your own Smart Home at a very attractive price!

What should owners of outdated heating systems do?

Tech WiFi 8S can control the temperature in 8 rooms, each of which can have up to 6 thermal drives!
In addition to controlling thermoelectric actuators, the controller can also control the boiler: when all rooms reach the set temperature, it will turn off the boiler using a “dry contact”.
Buy heating control system TECH WiFi-8S

Remote control of complex heating systems

The Polish company Tech Controllers, which produces a wide range of controllers with remote control capabilities, is gaining an increasingly large share in this market segment.
The Tech controllers themselves are multifunctional devices that are the main, basic part of the system, which can remotely control almost any complex heating systems using additional modules. There are a lot of possibilities, so using an example we will only consider the possibilities for remote control.

Example of installation of Tech Controllers equipment

In the photo used for installation:
1. Controller Tech ST-409n- a multifunctional device designed to control a central heating system, providing:
interaction with three wired room regulators
interaction with a wireless room thermostat
smooth control of three mixing valves
DHW pump control
return temperature protection
weather-compensated control and weekly programming
possibility of connecting the ST-65 GSM module for remote heating control from a GSM smartphone
possibility of connecting the ST-505 module, which allows remote control of the boiler via the Internet.
ability to control two additional valves using additional modules ST-61v4 or ST-431 N
Ability to control additional equipment, such as garage doors, lighting or sprinklers, etc.

Various Tech modules can be used for remote control, it all depends on the specific needs of the owner. For example:

What to do if the heating system is so individual that none of the above solutions can fully meet the owner’s control needs?
There are no hopeless situations! Most often, the customer himself simply does not understand (and should not!) all the capabilities of modern remote heating control systems. It is really difficult for an untrained person to understand all this abundance of devices offered on the market, which are completely different from each other in functionality, price, and, of course, quality. And installers, often, simply have no idea about the capabilities of controlling heating systems - their task is to install the system, but they don’t care how often you run around the house (or to the boiler room) and turn various valves to ensure constant thermal comfort . Our specialists have more than once had to almost completely remake the “creations” of such craftsmen, and this, believe me, costs a lot of money. The stingy pays twice... Contact us, we will consult for free, and if necessary, we will install a remote heating control system, and we will help with the selection of high-quality equipment at an affordable price.

Specialists of the company "Thermogorod" Moscow will help you choose, buy, and install a remote heating control system, will find an acceptable solution at a price. Ask any questions you are interested in, a telephone consultation is absolutely free!
You will be satisfied by cooperating with us!

You've probably heard about geothermal heating more than once. Such systems are installed in many European countries and they are very successful and popular among the population. Is it possible to install it here? To understand this, you need to understand the principle of operation, and also consider all the advantages of such a system.

Benefits of Geothermal Heating

Cost of geothermal heating at home

This is probably the only point due to which the system has not yet widely come into use. Initial costs can reach one million rubles. It all depends on the size of your home and the heat source. So, Laying a heating circuit in reservoirs is cheaper at the same cost for the pumping station and related materials (pipes, sealants, etc.).

This installation is most beneficial for small houses. The costs are recouped within two to three years, since no need to pay for gas/coal/wood, and all costs come down to paying for a small amount of electricity, which is spent on operating the pumping equipment. Is it worth saving money by performing such an installation not on a turnkey basis, but on your own? Perhaps, provided that you carefully study all the features of the process. In practice, there are cases of successful assembly by the owners themselves.

The cost of turnkey work consists of:

  • from calculations of pump power, heating circuit length;
  • from the price of work in soil or water (drilling wells, digging trenches, laying under water), as well as related installation and installation work;
  • from the installation and connection of the pumping station.

As an example, we give approximate calculations for a house with an area of ​​150 square meters. m.

  1. For such a home, a heat pump with a power of 14 kW is required. Its price is 260 thousand rubles.
  2. The amount for all work on the arrangement of the vertical earthen contour is approximately 427 thousand rubles. May vary depending on soil types.

Total - 687 thousand rubles. We see that the initial costs for installing geothermal heating are quite significant. The price of conventional boilers is much cheaper. For comparison, calculate what your current heating costs are and calculate how much you'll spend with geothermal heating. Consider both cases in perspective for many years (10-15 years). The difference is very, very significant.

Basic components of geothermal heating systems

Geothermal heating does not use conventional heat sources. We are not talking about any firewood, coal, gas or electricity (in the amount that a conventional electric boiler uses).

The entire system consists of three main elements. They are:

  • heating circuit inside the house;
  • heating circuit;
  • pumping station.

The heating circuit, which will be located inside the house, can be either ordinary conventional radiators or a heated floor system (more energy is used to heat it). In addition, this the system can be connected to heat the greenhouse, swimming pools, paths inside the site, etc.

The heating circuit in this case is geothermal heat sources. So, heating occurs using the energy of earth, water, and air.

A pumping station is necessary to pump heat from the geothermal heating circuit to the heating circuit.

More about heating method

To heat a room, geothermal heating uses energy that is stored in the environment. The operating principle is borrowed from the design of a refrigerator. In it, heat from the inner chamber is removed outside in order to achieve minimum temperature values ​​in the chamber itself. This causes the rear wall to heat up. With geothermal heating, heat from the ground (or water, air) is removed into the living space. The difference is that the heat source does not cool down, but has a stable temperature. Because of this, heating of the room can occur at any cold time of the year. And in hot weather, you can set the system to keep your home cool.

Let's consider an example with a heating circuit for heating housing inside the ground. This option is the most common, since the position of the geothermal circuit in water sources requires its presence near the house. This is less common.

Warmth from the earth

At a certain depth, the earth has its own temperature. It does not depend on weather conditions and time of year. We are talking about those layers that are below the freezing level. That is, the heating circuit is laid where the temperature always has a stable positive value.

Methods for positioning heating circuit pipes in the ground

Vertical installation

It consists in the fact that on the site drill deep wells, in which the pipes will be laid. Their depth depends on how much area will need to be heated. The value reaches up to 300 meters. The calculation is based on the fact that one meter of geothermal pipeline accounts for 50-60 W of the earth's thermal energy. For a pump with a power of 10 kilowatts (it is suitable for a house with an area of ​​up to 120 sq. m.) you will need a well with a depth of 170 to 200 m. You can drill several wells, but of less depth. The advantage of this method is that with this installation there is the least interference in the landscape of your site, if the house has already been built and the site is in proper shape. But at the same time there are high costs of work.

Horizontal installation

Trenches of a huge area are being dug across the adjacent area. Their the depth depends on the level of ground freezing in your region(from 3 meters and deeper), and the area of ​​the pit - from the square footage of the house. It should be calculated from the fact that 1 meter of pipeline consumes from 20 to 30 W of energy. If you install the same 10 kW heat pump, the length of the circuit should be from 300 to 500 m. Pipes are laid along the bottom of these trenches and backfilled with earth.

Scheme of operation of the entire structure

Essentially, there are three circuits through which fluid circulates. We designated the first of them as heating. The next circuit is located inside the pump. There, the refrigerant takes heat from the heating circuit and transfers it to the third cycle through pipes into the house.

The coolant passes through a circuit underground and is heated to a temperature of 7° C (this is the indicator at a depth below the freezing level). All the energy that the coolant took from the ground comes to the heat pump.

The heat pump has a first heat exchanger. In him coolant from the earth circuit heats the refrigerant, increasing not only his temperature, but also his pressure. In the gas state, the refrigerant passes into the second heat exchanger. Here it heats the coolant, which circulates through the pipes inside the house, and then returns to a liquid state again.