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Features of choosing and planting seedlings

​To do this, I advise warming them up for 15–20 minutes in hot water (about 40–50 degrees, but not higher), and then immersing them in cold water for a few minutes. Then put the seeds in a damp cloth and leave for 2-4 days in a warm place. When you see that most of the seeds have sprouted, feel free to plant them in the prepared container.​

​You can make a small greenhouse in early April and sow cabbage directly under the film in the middle of the month. You can sow cabbage directly into the garden, starting in May. And they try to sow kohlrabi and Chinese cabbage before mid-July. According to the lunar calendar, the best days will be the days of the 2nd and 3rd phases of the moon.​

Features of care

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Which varieties to choose?

​When digging up soil for cabbage in the spring, it is recommended to pour fertilizer into the holes. You can prepare it yourself. In addition, the recipe is simple.​

Preparing the seeds

​, and also water abundantly.​

​Seeds must be planted within 7 days. Thus, you can get seedlings for the entire period while demand continues. Before planting, they

Best neighbors

​When picking, it is necessary to throw away seedlings that are weak, infected with fungus or without an apical bud;​

1. ​In the main part of the article, we talked about the features of cabbage - preparing the soil for sowing, growing seedlings and their further planting in the ground, and care features. However, in addition to white cabbage, many today also plant varieties such as cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, kohlrabi or broccoli. Despite the fact that the basic rules for growing different varieties are approximately the same, there are some nuances.
2. If the soil on the site is acidic, then it should be prepared in the fall. To do this, when digging, you should add fluff lime, which can be replaced with dolomite flour or powdered chalk. For one square meter you will need about a glass or two of powder. The bed needs to be dug up in the fall and spring, organic and mineral substances added to it, and then cabbage planted. The best option for fertilizing the soil is scattered, however, it is very expensive. Do not forget that cabbage is very sensitive to organic fertilizers contained in the soil. However, you can’t do without them, so it’s worth fertilizing the soil wisely.​
3. Any seedlings must not only be grown correctly, but also properly planted in the ground. In addition, careful soil preparation is also important before planting cabbage, radishes or onions. In this article we will talk about the features of planting cabbage, starting with growing or selecting seedlings and ending with transplanting them into open ground.​

Sowing seeds for seedlings

​Based on this information and adhering to the basic rules of sowing and growing seedlings, you can count on a high harvest.​

Preparing the site in advance

​You need to sow seedling seeds for planting in open ground in late April (April 22-27). Transplantation into the ground should be carried out on June 5-10 at the age of 25-30 days. First you need to dig holes at a distance of 300-400 mm, fertilize them and water them abundantly. It is best to cover the bed with planted seedlings with material and not remove it until harvesting. In this case, comfortable conditions are created for the plants - changes in daily temperature are reduced.​

​To ensure normal functioning, the body requires vitamins such as A, B1, B2, B6, E, K, C, P, PP, iodine. This vegetable is rich in these elements. Chinese cabbage contains fiber, which improves digestion and helps cleanse the body of toxins. It is useful for people suffering from anemia, as cabbage contains a large amount of iron. Due to its ability to neutralize cholesterol and prevent the development of atherosclerosis, it should be included in the diet for cardiovascular diseases.​

When and how to plant?

​With the soil you need to mix a handful of humus and a tablespoon of wood ash, one teaspoon of superphosphate.​

​After the seedlings are planted in a permanent place, they must be covered with lutrasil. This way you can protect the seedlings from sunlight and cruciferous flea beetles.​

1. ​must be soaked in melt water​
2. ​the water temperature when watering seedlings should be 2 - 3 degrees higher than the ground temperature;​

​For example, Chinese and Chinese cabbage should be planted directly from seeds directly into the ground, since the plants do not respond well to transplantation. In addition, their food organ is formed only in early spring or late autumn, that is, when the days are short. Cauliflower seedlings are very capricious and demanding on soil quality: they should be planted in fertile soil saturated with manganese and boron. In this case, the seedlings should have enough moisture and heat. But too high temperatures are harmful to cauliflower, as is overdried soil.

Care features: watering and loosening

So, manure should be added to poorly cultivated soil, depending on the type of land. In spring, you can fertilize the soil with compost or manure humus at the rate of 3-4 kg per square meter of land. If there are few fertilizers, you can apply them immediately upon planting into each hole, where you will then plant the seedlings.​

Don't forget about feeding

​If you do not grow cabbage from seeds, but prefer to buy ready-made seedlings, remember some rules. Firstly, you need to choose bushes that are stocky and strong, avoiding stems with black threads - they indicate a disease in the vegetable. Secondly, you should not take seedlings that have swelling with nodules - this indicates a clubroot infection.

​Level the soil, water it, make shallow furrows and sow the seeds every 1–1.5 cm. Cover them with soil (a layer of about 1 cm) and compact the soil a little. Place the box on the windowsill (optimum temperature +18 – +20 degrees) and shoots should appear in 3-5 days. It is necessary to water not very abundantly, as the soil dries.

Planting cabbage in the ground: features of the process

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Chinese cabbage contains lysine, so it helps cleanse the blood and improve immunity. As doctors note: with prolonged use, the body tolerates stress normally, and its juice is useful for the prevention of gastritis. Doctors do not recommend abusing this vegetable for people suffering from high acidity and duodenal ulcers. To avoid stomach upset, cabbage should not be combined with dairy products and soft cheeses.​

Who should you protect cabbage from?

​When planting cabbage in open ground, you should not think about time and weather. Of course, no one will plant when it rains. Although, this could be a mistake. After all

There are different types of cabbage: Chinese cabbage, Brussels sprouts and cauliflower...

​After you have planted the seeds for seedlings, at least five days must pass before planting them in open ground. By the way, such dates are indicated on the package of seeds.

​. You need to add one spoon of honey to this water. After half an hour, the seeds must be dried using a fine sieve.

Before planting seedlings, you should maintain the temperature in the greenhouse during the day close to the air temperature outside for several days;

... kohlrabi and broccoli

The peculiarity of Brussels sprouts is their high stem, on which heads of cabbage are formed in the axils of the leaves - there can be up to 90 of them. The growing season of this vegetable is almost 160 days, so it is mainly planted in seedlings. For seedlings, seeds need to be sown on the 20th of April in open nurseries. Already on the 5th day, seedlings appear, and therefore at this time they need to be treated with ash or tobacco dust to protect the seedlings from the cruciferous flea beetle.​

​As already mentioned, this process should be carried out depending on the type of variety. Early cabbage can be planted from late April to the first week of May, and late varieties can be planted towards the end of May. It is noteworthy that the timing of planting cabbage varies in individual regions of the country depending on the climate zone.​

How to plant cabbage seedlings? To begin with, we select only good and healthy bushes that have at least five strong leaves. We bury these bushes in the ground right up to the outlet, but it is important that the roots do not remain on the surface. After planting, the soil should be compacted and then watered.​

​Features of care and diving​

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When to plant cabbage seedlings?

​Remember that overgrown seedlings will be sick for a long time after transplantation, and fragile seedlings will give a low and late harvest. Therefore, I advise you to roughly calculate when you plan to plant cabbage in your garden and, depending on this, choose the time for sowing seeds for seedlings.​

Timing for sowing cabbage for seedlings

​If you grow Chinese cabbage without seedlings, then there are 2 periods for sowing seeds: spring-summer and summer-autumn.​

​This vegetable crop is cold-resistant; its seeds can germinate at temperatures around 4°C, and the plants can withstand frosts down to -4°C. In order for cabbage to grow and develop, it requires a temperature of 15-22°C. She loves light, but is resistant to shade. The formation of a good harvest is ensured by good weather and a short day. In this case, the soil must be fertile and sufficient moisture.

​The ideal day for planting cabbage is a cloudy day or evening time​

One day before planting the seedlings, it must be watered. When replanting cabbage in open ground, it is necessary to use exactly the same soil in which it was planted and in which it sprouted. This way you will not damage the root system and will contribute to a rapid adaptation process.​

Crops must be kept under film cover at a temperature of 20 degrees above zero. After the first seedlings appear, the temperature must be reduced to 10 degrees above zero.​

Rules for growing and planting cabbage seedlings

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Technology for planting cabbage seedlings

Planting cabbage seedlings

​. This is easy to explain - in the evening or on a cloudy day there is less sun, which means the plant will take root faster.​

​The seedlings need to be dug up along with a lump of earth, the roots should be covered immediately. This is necessary so that the cabbage roots do not dry out.

The soil between the rows needs to be loosened and sprinkled with wood ash. This is necessary for the prevention of diseases. The planting site should be sprinkled with dry soil on top. This will prevent excessive evaporation of moisture and protect against the formation of an earthen crust; If broccoli is grown using seedlings, you will need a soil mixture containing peat, turf soil and sand in a 1:1:1 combination. It is not advisable to use old soil from the garden, as it may be infected with blackleg. After sowing the seeds, you should strive to maintain a temperature of about 20 degrees, and when shoots appear, the temperature can be reduced to 10 degrees. It is important not to over-moisten the substrate, otherwise the seedlings may get sick. At the age of two weeks, the seedlings dive, but seedlings can be planted in open ground gradually so that they get used to sunlight, wind and temperature changes.​

​Early varieties are planted as follows: there should be a distance of 45 cm between the rows, and the distance in the row should be approximately 25 cm.​

1. To obtain strong seedlings, you need to properly prepare the nutritious soil mixture, and then plant the cabbage. To do this, it is advisable to prepare the soil in the fall: mix some turf and humus, add ash to them (one tablespoon for every kilogram of soil) and mix the resulting substrate thoroughly. The ash will help saturate the soil with micro- and macroelements, and will also serve as a good antiseptic, so that black legs will not appear on the seedlings.​
2. Then you need to move the seedlings to a warmer place. Since cabbage is quite demanding of light, it is necessary to provide additional lighting for seedlings.​ On average, from the day of sowing the seeds to the moment of planting the seedlings in open ground, the following should pass:​When growing cabbage, the rows can be sown at a distance of 100 mm from each other, which will make it possible to use the crop throughout the season. As the leaves in the row grow and close together, you need to cut off every second plant for consumption. This leaves a distance between plants of 200 mm. Then again, when closing the leaves, you should do the same thing. As a result, there will be a distance between plants in the row of 400 mm. With the sowing and seedling method, the harvest of heads of cabbage must be carried out on June 25-30.​
3. ​After Chinese cabbage forms a head, it begins to bolt, as it is a plant of long daylight hours. That is why there are 2 sowing dates for it. 1 of them is carried out in the spring, in April, and the 2nd - in the summer, in July. To get an early harvest of cabbage, it should be sowed in the spring on March 15-20 using seedlings.​
4. It is best to plant the plant in the form of ribbon-like strips. They should be planted in two rows, between which there should be a distance of at least 30 cm. One plant from another should be at a distance of at least 25 cm.

How to properly grow and care for seedlings

​As for the site for planting, it must be chosen correctly. It should warm up well and be protected from the wind. The land for planting needs to be fertile. To improve this indicator, you can use compost. After two weeks, the seedlings need to be watered with a solution of the drug glycoladin. It is grown in open ground with bioheating. Now you need to make a bed 60 cm deep and 100 cm wide. We add fertilizer there. All this should generate heat for about 60 days. The top needs to be shaded during the first days of planting cabbage.

Kohlrabi is distinguished by its juicy and tender stem fruit. This cabbage can be early, as well as mid- and late-ripening. To obtain early varieties, you need seedlings; they can be planted at the end of April. As soon as a few true leaves appear, the seedlings can be planted in the ground. If you grow kohlrabi without seedlings, then the seeds need to be sown in two or three passes, and the interval should be at least 20 days. The optimal time for this is mid-June to early August. This type of cabbage should be constantly moistened: after the seedlings are planted, watering should be every 2-3 days. Then you can switch to watering once a week. After each moistening, the soil must be loosened to a depth of 5-8 cm.

​When planting late varieties, the distance is greater: between rows - 60 cm, between bushes - 35 cm.​​If you want to get vegetables as early as possible, pay attention to the varieties “Polyarnaya”, “Iyunskaya” or “Gribovskaya”, they will ripen in August “Nadezhda” and “Belorusskaya”, but the latest varieties are “Amager” or “Moskovskaya”. At the same time, do not forget - cabbage for seedlings must be strong and powerful. By the way, you don’t have to limit yourself to white cabbage. For example, kohlrabi is no less tasty and healthy - this variety can be planted in the corner of a greenhouse, and then after about 20 days the bushes can be planted in the garden.​ ​On days 10–14, cabbage seedlings need to be planted in individual cups or other containers and maintained at the following temperatures regime: 2–3 days – about 17–18 degrees Celsius, then during the day +14 and at night +12 degrees.​

​early varieties and hybrids – 50–60 days:​ ​http://youtu.be/Mn-B-2pTyYY​ To do this, you need to prepare a soil mixture of peat and turf soil in a 1:1 ratio. Then add 1 tbsp to the bucket of the resulting mixture. a spoonful of complex mineral fertilizer and 2 tbsp. spoons of wood ash. Cups with a size of 80x80 mm are suitable for growing seedlings. They need to be filled with soil mixture and watered with a solution of potassium permanganate.​

When planting plants in the ground, experienced gardeners do not bury the plants, but sprinkle them with soil up to the neck of the root. Thus, the cabbage stem develops faster.​

Planting cabbage in open ground

​Before planting cabbage in the ground, it must be loosened and fertilized. To do this, it is worth using complex fertilizers. It is worth noting that in stores they are most often offered to customers. Besides this,​

​sprinkle with a layer of fertile soil and red clay​

​Vegetables and fruits grown on your own plot are twice as healthy. And if you combine them, they will be even more useful. That is why many nutritionists recommend vegetable salads to restore vitamins in the human body. Fruit juices are generally considered leaders in this indicator. Of course, compared to other vegetables and fruits, they will not enrich the human body with fiber, but they can contribute to the rapid absorption of nutrients. But when it comes to enriching the body with fiber, cabbage copes with this task perfectly.​

Cabbage is a healthy vegetable, and therefore loved by many. To grow a good harvest on your plot, you need very little - just know when and how to plant seedlings and how to prepare the soil.​

​Knowing at what distance to plant cabbage is important so that the vegetables develop well and do not interfere with each other when tying a head of cabbage. The process of planting seedlings also has a number of nuances. Firstly, you should plant in cloudy weather, and if it’s hot, then only in the afternoon. Secondly, seedlings should be buried down to the first true leaf. Thirdly, for improved survival of the bushes, cabbage should be sprayed from a watering can in the first 5-6 days. Fourthly, to avoid burns of cabbage leaves, bushes should be planted in shaded areas. Growing cabbage seeds is also a lengthy process. Its success depends on how high-quality planting material is chosen. If you encounter improperly stored or counterfeit seeds, you should not expect a harvest. That is why, even before planting seeds, you should check them for germination. To do this, they can be wrapped in a damp cloth and then left for 5 days. After this, the seeds are placed in cold water and soaked in a solution of nitrophoska and water. Now you know when to plant cabbage seeds for seedlings this year. And by adhering to the basic planting technology, you are guaranteed to get a good harvest of cabbage on your plot. Don’t forget also about the timing of when to plant tomato seeds for seedlings in order to enjoy these tasty and juicy fruits.​

​mid-ripening varieties - 35–45 days;​

​In the summer-autumn growing period, productivity reaches its peak, and the heads of cabbage are of high quality. During this period, it is necessary to use only the sowing method, in which the seeds should be sown in the ground after July 20. The head harvest should be harvested without waiting for the first frost, at the end of September. You can dig them up with roots and a clod of earth for storage at 0-2°C in a cellar or basement. To do this, you need to dig the Chinese cabbage into a layer of moistened sand, placing it as close to each other as possible. After this, you need to sow 3 seeds in each cup. When seedlings begin to appear, the container with seedlings should be moved closer to sunlight. The best place for this is a glazed balcony or loggia, since during this period the air temperature there does not exceed 8°C. Cabbage loves this temperature regime, but growing seedlings does not require picking. As the plant grows, only 1, the strongest, sprout should be left in each glass. Watering the soil should be done as it dries and only with warm water. To restrain the growth of plants, watering should be stopped 3-4 days before planting in the ground. And 2 hours before planting, be sure to water the seedlings, which at this time already have about 6 leaves.​ ​The soil is pressed against the root system. The whole thing is sprinkled with dry soil on top. This reduces the risk of soil crusts appearing.​

Plant care

​it will be useful if you treat the land with special chemical active substances​

​Seedlings aged 25-30 days should be planted in a permanent place after a month, that is, April 15-20.​

​In the first days of planting, the plant must be protected and watered from a watering can.​

​. This way you will protect the plants from the spring cabbage fly.​

There are some gardeners who are late in planting cabbage. That is why they need seedlings when the main demand for it has already disappeared. And you have to grow it yourself. There is nothing tragic about this.​

Many of us grow seedlings on windowsills. As a rule, she grows up sick and frail. At the same time, there is a lot of trouble with her. After all, at home it is difficult to maintain a certain temperature for cabbage during the day and at night.​

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Chinese cabbage: growing seedlings and planting in the ground

​When choosing the time to plant cabbage seedlings, you should proceed from the variety of vegetable crop. Early ripening varieties of cabbage, which can ripen in early July, are sown at the end of February or the first ten days of March. Mid- and late-ripening varieties should be sown at the end of March. But these are only approximate dates. When sowing cabbage seeds for seedlings, the climate characteristics of the area are also taken into account. Agrotechnicians recommend sowing cabbage 50 - 60 days before the intended planting of seedlings in the ground.​

​To grow good and strong cabbage, it is important to feed it. So, first, we do everything possible to make the vegetables greener and grow faster. To do this, 20 days after planting you need to start feeding the seedlings. By the way, during the entire period of growth and development of cabbage, fertilizing should be done at least three to four times. For the first time, we create the following solution: take 10 liters of water and dilute 2 tablespoons in it. fertilizers (for example, the drug "Effekton"). We fertilize at the rate of about half a liter per bush.​

Properties of Chinese cabbage

Cabbage will grow much better from a well-chosen neighborhood with other vegetables. Many gardeners cannot decide where to plant cabbage. To begin with, it’s worth saying that you should adhere to several rules:

Against clubroot and bacteriosis, you can warm the seeds for another 20 minutes, the temperature should be 50 degrees. And after such temperature treatment, for 1.5-2 hours you need to place them in a solution with a concentration of 0.5 g/liter of ammonium molybdate and boric acid. To increase the germination of seeds, they are treated in a 0.5% urea solution.​

​Knowing when to plant cabbages in the ground, you can easily determine the optimal timing for sowing seeds in your climatic conditions.​

Growing seedlings correctly

​General sowing dates are as follows:​

Chinese cabbage will not grow well on depleted lands, so the soil must be fertilized with mineral supplements and nitrogen.

Many amateur gardeners water cabbage in the following way: make a furrow around the cabbage and pour water into it.

​After you loosen the soil, you should trample it down and then go over it with a rake. In the bed that you have prepared in advance for cabbage, you need to make small holes. The exact depth to make the holes will be indicated on the bag of seeds. If the soil is dry, it will need to be watered in advance. It’s best to pour water directly into the holes and wait a while for the water to be absorbed. After which the seedlings need to be lowered into the ground and covered tightly with soil. This procedure can be performed either with a spatula or with your own hands. Then the cabbage should be watered at the root.

Transplanting seedlings into closed ground

​Seeds for sowing are processed in the same way as for early cabbage. They are planted in the ground in stages. Until the first shoots

To plant seedlings, you need to take soil from under the cucumbers. For one square meter

Cabbage seedlings are sowed in boxes or cups. The key to a good harvest in the future will be the quality of the seed, so large seeds should be selected. It is recommended to immerse the seeds in hot water (+45...+50 degrees) for 20 minutes, and then keep them in cold water for a couple of minutes. The seeds are covered with a layer of soil no more than 1 centimeter. Immediately after planting, the seedlings are watered; further watering is carried out as the soil dries out. The optimal temperature in the first week is +6…+12 degrees.​

​After 10 days after the first feeding, it’s time for the second. To do this, again, dilute half a liter of mullein or chicken manure in 10 liters of water, to which we add a tablespoon of Kemir fertilizer. We need about a liter of solution per plant. These two feedings are needed when planting both early and late varieties of cabbage.​

​The best predecessors for this vegetable are considered to be beans, grains, root vegetables and cucumbers.​

Some gardeners recommend sowing cabbage seeds as early as January 15th. The timing of sowing seeds when planting cabbage seedlings is determined by the fact that from sowing the seeds until the appearance of friendly shoots, it takes from 8 to 12 days, and from germination to the formation of full-fledged seedlings, another 45-50 days pass. The timing of when to plant cauliflower seedlings is determined in the same way.

​for early varieties - from the first days of March until 25–26 of the same month;​

Growing in open ground

​The land prepared for planting cabbage can be used for other crops. In this case, legumes work well.​

​But your “mission” does not end there. to you​seedlings must be kept under film

​you need to add one bucket of crushed red clay, one glass of wood ash and one spoon of superphosphate

​Sprouts appear quite quickly - on the 3rd - 5th day. A few days later, the boxes are placed in a warm place. The appearance of the first true leaf is a signal for diving, and the distance between seedling bushes should be maintained at least 6 cm. To preserve the root system, it is better to use nutrient cubes or peat pots. The soil mixture is prepared from peat (7 parts), humus (2 parts), turf soil and mullein (1 part of each component). The well-compacted mixture is cut into small layers, each approximately 6x6x6 cm in size. You can also use traditional cardboard or plastic cups filled with the above soil mixture, but when growing early cabbage seedlings, nutrient cubes allow you to get mature heads of cabbage almost 2 weeks earlier, by ensuring the integrity of the roots plants.​

Gardeners carry out the third feeding in June. To do this, take 10 liters of water and 2 tbsp. superphosphate, as well as a tablespoon of potassium sulfate. For each square meter you need to pour approximately 7 liters of the composition. The fourth feeding should be carried out in August: we make a composition of 10 liters of water and a tablespoon of nitrophoska and spend approximately 8 liters per square meter. Do not forget about pests in the form of snails, aphids and slugs. You can fight them with wood ash - one glass per square meter.​

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When to plant cabbage seedlings in 2016

When to plant cabbage, choose the optimal time in 2016

​You cannot grow cabbage for two or three years in a row in the same place.​

​In seeding boxes, the seedlings should grow until the first true leaf appears, then they are picked out. During picking, all late-emerging and weak seedlings, as well as seedlings affected by “black leg” and lacking an apical bud, should be discarded. When picking, seedlings (especially if they are elongated) are buried almost to the cotyledons so that the seedlings are strengthened by the formation of additional roots. No special seedling soil is required for growing cabbage seedlings; it should be the same as for seedlings of other vegetables.​

• ​Two methods are usually used here: with a transfer and without a dive. I advise you to prick cabbage seedlings, then the root system will be stronger, and the seedlings themselves will not stretch out and will take root more easily in open ground.​
• ​mid-season cabbage - March 25 - April 25;​
• ​Then you need to dig shallow holes at a distance of about 300-400 mm. It is not worth planting seedlings more often so that they have enough space and nutrients. Therefore, no more than 15 plants should be planted per 1 m2.​

​Before planting seedlings, fertilizer is added to each hole. In order for the root of the plant to absorb all the nutrients, it is necessary to bend the tip of the root upward when planting the plant.

It will be necessary to care for and pay attention to the seedlings

​. If the nights are cold, then the crops should be additionally insulated.​

​. Seedlings are planted on the plot at the end of April or in mid-May.

​A week after picking, containers with seedlings are placed in a greenhouse and fertilized. It is preferable to fertilize with manure or bird droppings. It is possible to use urea or ammonium nitrate. It is recommended to maintain a temperature in the greenhouse of +14...+18 degrees during the day, +7...+10 degrees at night. If the temperature in the greenhouse is excessively high, it is necessary to ventilate the room, but avoid drafts. In warm weather during the day, greenhouse frames can be opened for a while.​

When to plant cabbage seedlings

​Late varieties of cabbage are usually grown in open ground, however, this process, which seems simple, actually needs to be carefully verified. Moreover, for planting in the spring, they use not seedlings, but seeds. Before sowing, you need to loosen the soil well, thoroughly rid it of weeds, and then sow the seeds to a depth of about 3 cm. The peculiarity of growing in open ground is that you need to monitor the appearance of the first shoots. The problem is that they may be attacked by fleas, and therefore you need to take care of protecting the bushes in advance. How to do this?​

The soil for cabbage should be fertile and structured, and therefore the ideal option is loam, which has a lot of humus and retains moisture well. The soil must be neutral.​

​If seedlings are grown in a greenhouse under a film, then the light conditions for them are quite favorable, so the plants will not require additional light hardening. It should be borne in mind that cabbage seedlings cannot tolerate darkening from the moment the first shoots appear until they are ready for planting. It is best to place seedlings in a greenhouse in boxes, and place plastic film on the surface of the soil under the boxes. The bottom of the boxes is also covered with film, but holes are made in it to allow excess moisture from fertilizing solutions and watering to drain. Growing seedlings in boxes in this way makes it more convenient to move them around the greenhouse if necessary and makes it easier to reject low-quality sprouts.​

• ​Preparing for landing​
• ​late varieties - throughout April.​
• ​Add a little fertilizer to the prepared holes and then water generously. Transplantation must be carried out carefully so as not to damage the root system of the seedlings. First, the plants need to be watered in the morning and evening so that the seedlings take root faster. Then watering should be done once a day and only with warm water. After this, the soil must be loosened.

​In a few days you will be able to appreciate the difference, and the cabbage bush will take root. You can acclimate seedlings to conditions in open ground using a greenhouse. It needs to be opened a little during the day and closed at night.​

​more until it adapts and takes root. Your task is to monitor the watering of the cabbage. If the weather is dry and water no longer helps with overheating, you need to make paper caps for the seedlings. Ordinary gardeners use old newspapers for such purposes.​

Features of sowing and growing cabbage seeds for seedlings

​After the first seedlings have appeared, you need to insert wire arcs and install a film cover. On hot days this shelter is removed. This results in hardening of the plants. If you want to grow seedlings of a certain height, then

​The sowing technology is as follows.​

In May, seedlings are planted in the beds. The holes are located at a distance of 40 cm. First, about a liter of water is poured into the hole and a bush is planted directly in the dirt. The plant is covered with soil up to the bottom leaf.

Firstly, you need to regularly inspect the seedlings. If you suddenly notice holes in your cabbage leaves, it’s time to act. First, we treat the area with ash, although it is better to do this when the soil is damp. It is effective to use infusions based on garlic, onions, and tobacco dust. Secondly, the plants can be covered with film in advance, while simultaneously treating them with chemicals. Thirdly, cabbage planted in open ground requires a sufficient amount of moisture. This is explained by the fact that due to the large leaf surface, too much water evaporates. If there is a lack of moisture, the yield will decrease, so ideally you need to know how to plant cabbage correctly: this is best done in low relief areas or near bodies of water. Fourthly, there should not be too much moisture, otherwise the cabbage will stop growing and become wilted. Accordingly, you can’t even dream about a harvest.​

​Experts say that a correctly selected combination of crops in the garden is the key to a large harvest. This is due to the fact that various plants (vegetables, berries) can have an adverse effect on their neighbors, for example, taking away beneficial substances or causing metabolic disorders. It is noteworthy that cabbage, along with cucumbers, tomatoes, pumpkin, celery and onions, takes a lot of nutrients from the ground. Therefore, the question of what to plant cabbage with remains relevant.

​The seedlings should be watered abundantly, but not too often. The temperature of the water for irrigation should be slightly higher than the temperature of the soil in which it is grown. To properly care for seedlings, you should also observe the temperature regime, this will ensure their air hardening. Before planting seedlings in open ground, the temperature in the greenhouse should be equalized with the outside air temperature a few days before.

​For sowing seeds, you can use special containers or boxes, the walls of which should have a height of about 4–10 cm. You need to pour turf soil or non-acidic peat soil mixed with humus into them.​

To choose a favorable day for planting, most gardeners use the lunar calendar. He will tell you when to plant cabbage seeds according to the phases of the moon.​

If the plants have grown well, it is better not to fertilize. If they are rather weak, they need to be fed with urea at the rate of 20 g per 10 liters of water. The harvest can already be obtained in 30-40 days. For storage, heads of cabbage should be dug up along with the root. The storage location should be cool.​

​Beijing cabbage differs from white cabbage in that it contains 2 times more protein, and from lettuce in that it contains 2 times more vitamins. Many people are interested in the question: how to grow Chinese cabbage? The technology for its cultivation is no more complicated than that of other crops. The main thing is to choose the most suitable method for yourself, and the harvest will be a success.​

In order to properly plant cabbage in the ground, the following requirements must be taken into account.

​it must be fed with a solution of nitrogen fertilizer

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How to plant cabbage seeds correctly?

Lake fish

​Seed sowing occurs 40 days before the sale date.​

​standard seedlings have no more than 5 true leaves;​

​It is worth remembering that any mistakes in care - incorrect or missed watering or poor ventilation - will affect the appearance of various diseases. The most popular disease is blackleg, which can be combated using a substrate based on wood ash. You can fight root rot by treating the roots with Trichodermin and Rizoplan. These preparations are biologically pure, so they do not have any harmful effects on seedlings. Thanks to the treatment with the first of them, a zone protected from microorganisms is created around the roots, and the drug "Rizoplan" allows the seedlings to absorb iron, which means that they will have immunity to blackleg. The product "Trichodermin" must be added to the soil mixture, and then the cabbage should be planted.

Gardeners also adhere to the following rule when planting seedlings: ideally, plants with a long root structure should be in close proximity to those crops that do not have pronounced roots. This type of planting ensures that plants do not compete for nutrients and water. You cannot plant cabbage next to spinach, since the latter requires frequent watering, but for cabbage, moderately dry soil is sufficient.​

​Into the pot and into the ground.​

​Select large cabbage seeds without visible defects and disinfect them.​

Larisa Najdenova

​Cabbage is good to plant on the waxing moon. ​

Chinese cabbage, like any other vegetable crop, is susceptible to pests, so it is necessary to take measures to protect it. After planting, ash should be sprinkled around the seedlings to protect them from flea beetles. When slugs and snails appear, you need to prepare a mixture: 2 tbsp for 0.5 cans of ash. spoons of salt, ground pepper and dry mustard. If a cabbage butterfly was noticed above the cabbage, then you need to check the lower leaves for the presence of a colony of eggs and remove them immediately.

Kohlrabi cabbage growing seedlings

Preface

Planting cabbage seedlings is not difficult, but when sowing and growing vegetables early, you need to be guided by the rules and recommendations, the observance of which determines the quality of the seedlings, the timing of their receipt, the abundance and consumer value of the early cabbage harvest.

Before you go to the store for seeds, you should decide what kind of cabbage you want to grow in the end, as well as when and why you will need it. The timing of sowing this vegetable for seedlings will largely depend on this. After all, it’s one thing when you want to enjoy early cabbage in fresh summer salads, and completely different if this vegetable is needed for canning or long-term storage.

The ripening time for all varieties of cabbage is different.

After all, all varieties of cabbage, including white cabbage, are divided into early-ripening, mid-ripening, mid-late and late-ripening. The first ones are better than all the others for current needs, are of little use for canning and are not stored for a long time. Mid-ripening and late-ripening ones are better suited than all others for canning and are suitable for consumption in the summer, almost as good as early-ripening ones, and, as a rule, they are also not stored for storage. Late-ripening ones are good for storing fresh cabbage for the winter, and are also used for canning and other culinary recipes.

The ripening time for all these varieties is different. Therefore, it is possible that after such considerations (which cabbage is needed, when and why) and taking into account the existing weather conditions, it will be decided for the selected variety to completely abandon growing seedlings in favor of. Having chosen the desired variety, you can immediately decide on the approximate date of sowing it for seedlings. It, as is already becoming clear, depends on the ripening period of the vegetable. But the planting date also depends on the duration of development and growth of seedlings from the moment of sowing to full-fledged sprouts suitable for planting in the soil of a garden plot.

The duration of this period for cabbage of early varieties is 40–50 days, for mid-season and mid-late varieties – 30–40, and for late-ripening varieties – 45–50.

And if, when choosing the timing of transplanting seedlings into the soil of a garden plot, we proceed from the onset of favorable weather conditions, then the picture will be as follows. When the climate and weather allow such a transplant, for example, at the very beginning of May, then sowing should be carried out from mid to late March. But usually seedlings are carried out according to the following schedule:

• early varieties - from March 10 to March 28;
• mid-season and mid-late – from March 25 to April 20;
• late-ripening - from the beginning of April until the 20th of April.

If the climate and weather allow seedlings to be transplanted in early May, then the earliest permissible sowing date for early and medium varieties will be slightly later than indicated. And in the general case, the earliest permissible period is calculated by counting from the dates of favorable weather the above-mentioned number of days of development of full-fledged seedlings from seeds.

Now about buying seeds. The quality of seedlings depends on them, perhaps even primarily. After all, if they do not sprout or produce weak, painful sprouts, then you can forget about the early cabbage harvest. Therefore, you should purchase only good quality seed material. To do this, you need to contact trusted specialized retail outlets. And when purchasing, you should pay close attention to the quality and condition of the packaging, which should clearly and legibly indicate comprehensive information about both the seeds (with a photo of the variety) and their manufacturer.

Video: Growing cabbage seedlings

Preparing soil, seeds and containers for seedlings

Before you start sowing early cabbage for seedlings, you need to prepare everything for this: soil, seeds, and when growing it at home, also containers. In order for strong, healthy seedlings to grow, it is necessary to prepare a nutritious soil mixture. Moreover, it is strictly not recommended to use soil from the garden for this. It will probably contain all sorts of infections and pests, including those affecting cabbage.

For cabbage, you need to prepare a nutritious soil mixture

The components necessary for preparing the soil mixture should be prepared in the fall. If this has not been done, then the soil will need to be purchased at a specialized retail outlet. In this case, you should definitely pay attention to the date of manufacture and the composition of the purchased mixture. It must be fertile, as well as water- and breathable.

Options for preparing your own soil mixture:

• composition No. 1 with proportions of the corresponding components 3: 1: 1/4: peat, turf soil, coarse sand;
• composition No. 2 with proportions 1:1:1: turf soil, humus, peat;
• composition No. 3: humus and turf soil - 1 part each, ash - 1 tbsp. spoon per 1 kg of mixture.

The resulting substrate must be mixed thoroughly. At home (including in an apartment) it is done in small containers filled with prepared or purchased soil mixture. Most often these are wooden boxes or plastic pallets. Plastic cups or cassettes are often used. You can also use containers you make yourself from scrap materials. For example, cardboard or plastic bags, cups glued together from paper or newspaper, all kinds of boxes. In any case, care must be taken to ensure there are drainage holes. Any stagnation of water, even minor, can lead to subsequent seedling disease. Reused containers must be treated with a solution of potassium permanganate.

Seeds also require mandatory pre-sowing preparation. It is recommended to sort them first. It is quite rightly believed that strong, full-fledged cabbage seedlings can only grow from full-sized seeds that reach a diameter of at least 2 mm. During the sorting process, we reject not only small but also damaged seeds. Then place the seeds in a saline solution (50 g of salt and 1 liter of water). The full-weight seed will sink to the bottom of the container. We discard any seeds that remain on the surface and float to the surface. After this, we wash the seeds that have passed the test.

Now we proceed directly to the preparation of seed material. To disinfect it and increase the resistance of cabbage to any fungal diseases, heat the seeds for 20 minutes in water heated to +50 o C. Then cool them for about 5 minutes in a cool place. Then it is recommended to treat the seeds with microelements (if they have already been treated, this will be indicated on the packaging). To do this, you can use a universal solution prepared from 10 liters of settled water and 200 g of ordinary wood ash. Processing time – 4 hours. Then the seeds must be washed again. After all these activities, lightly dry the seed material.

First, the soil must be watered abundantly. Cabbage seeds will require a lot of water to germinate - approximately 50% of their weight. And after sowing, you should try not to moisten the soil any more until the seedlings appear. This will prevent the sprouts from becoming infected with blackleg. Then we sow the seed into large containers in rows, and 2 seeds into the cells of the cassettes and cups. The sowing depth should be 5–10 mm. If it is deeper, the seeds will take longer to germinate, and they may even have to be watered additionally, which is undesirable. When sowing in rows, a distance of approximately 3 cm should be maintained between the rows. The optimal temperature for good and fast germination is +18–20 o C.

There is no need to pick cabbage seedlings

After the emergence of seedlings, perhaps the most important time begins. Now the question arises about growing early cabbage seedlings. Thin out the emerging shoots. We leave the tallest and strongest ones, allocating each their own area for feeding with an area of ​​​​approximately 2x2 cm. After 2 weeks, just when the seedlings get stronger and grow a little, we make a pick. That is, we replant them in cups or according to the 3x3 cm pattern in the same boxes, or even better in cassettes. When diving, be sure to deepen the stem of the sprouts to the cotyledons. After another half a month, we transplant these seedlings into plastic, peat or paper cups, the optimal size of which is 5x5 cm. The last 2 options are preferable, because the seedlings are planted in the soil of the garden plot along with these containers, and the root system will not be disturbed or damaged. .

Seedlings initially sown in cups do not need to be pricked, but only, if necessary, deepened to the cotyledons. Throughout the entire period of growing cabbage, before transplanting it into the ground, it is necessary to ensure timely watering, maintaining the desired temperature and, preferably, fertilizing and providing additional lighting. It is necessary to water as needed, avoiding drying out and waterlogging of the soil. In order not to overdo it with watering, we recommend loosening the soil more often.

The optimal temperature for the development and growth of emerging white cabbage seedlings is +15–17 o C during the day and +8–10 o C at night. If possible, it is advisable to provide this or close to it temperature conditions. In any case, such sharp changes between night and day temperatures are necessary. They will help prevent strong stretching of seedlings and strengthen them. For cauliflower sprouts, it is necessary to maintain a temperature higher than for white cabbage - on average by 5-7 o C. And we must remember that this vegetable does not tolerate low temperatures well. This will lead to a significant reduction in yield.

Cabbage seedlings need good lighting. If she doesn't get enough light, she will stretch out a lot. And when growing at home, the daylight that the seedlings receive is not enough for it. Therefore, in order for the plant to develop normally, it needs to be illuminated using fluorescent lamps for about 12–15 hours a day. Cabbage seedlings are hardened off 10 days before transplanting into the ground. First, for the first 1–2 days, you just need to open a window in the room with the plant for a period of 3 to 4 hours.

Proper lighting is very important for seedlings

Then, over the next few days, take the seedlings out onto the balcony (veranda, loggia) for a couple of hours, thereby adapting them to exposure to direct sunlight. For the very first time, the plant needs to be slightly shaded with gauze so that it, still unaccustomed to natural street light, does not get burned by the rays of the bright spring sun. From the 6th day, we reduce watering (while making sure that the soil mixture does not dry out) and transfer the seedlings to the balcony, where they should remain until the very moment of transplanting into the ground.

Video: Lighting for seedlings

By the way, seedlings that already have 4–5 leaves are considered ready for transplanting (grown, full-grown). They should already be there before the 10-day hardening.

Cabbage is called the lady in the garden: it sits all so beautiful, round, smooth, in a thousand clothes... But growing cabbage of excellent quality is not so easy. A rich harvest begins with growing healthy, strong seedlings. And here it is worth paying attention to the timing of planting cabbage. They depend on the variety and type of cabbage. In this article we will analyze timing of planting seeds for seedlings and planting them in open ground . We will talk about white and cauliflower cabbage, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, Savoy, etc. In a word, we tried to collect as much information as possible on the timing here.

Table: Planting dates for cabbage and other crops

The table is convenient, but does not fully disclose all the information on deadlines, so let’s turn to other sources.

White cabbage

Varieties are divided into three types:

• early,
• mid-season,
• late ripening.

Depending on the ripening period The time for sowing seeds for seedlings is calculated:

• 45-50 days are subtracted from the date of possible planting of seedlings.

White cabbage seedlings of mid-season and late varieties are most often grown under film cover in open ground or in greenhouses, starting in April. Seedlings of early varieties can also be grown on a windowsill by sowing the seeds in March (then it will be possible to harvest at the end of June - beginning of July).

• early cabbage: March 20 - 25 (harvest in late June - early July),
• mid-season: from April 20 - 25 to May 1 - 3,
• late ripening: from April 1 to April 15.

Seedlings in open ground White cabbage is usually planted at the following times:

• early cabbage: late April - first ten days of May,
• mid-season: from May 25 to June 5 (no later than June 10),
• late ripening: May 15 - 25.

Seedlings ready for transplanting to a permanent location have 4–5 true leaves and a height of approximately 15 cm. Plants with more leaves are overgrown. It is recommended to tear off the extra leaves (the 2 bottom ones); they will eventually wither anyway, but until that moment they will only interfere with the plant. It is best to plant seedlings in the ground in the evening, and shade them the next day if the weather is hot and sunny.

Red cabbage ripens longer than white cabbage, so seeds are sown for seedlings earlier: late-ripening varieties are sown in early March, early-ripening varieties in early April.

Broccoli

Due to its excellent taste, this variety of cabbage is grown by almost all summer residents. It is planted by seedlings and sowing seeds in open ground. From personal experience we can say that excellent broccoli grows from seedlings we grow on the windowsill. In March we sow seeds for seedlings, and at the end of May we plant the seedlings in open ground. We cover young, not yet strong plants with cut 5-liter bottles. The result is mini-greenhouses. The seedlings are taking root well. Our favorite variety is 'Linda'. Well, now in more detail about the timing.

Sowing broccoli seeds for seedlings is carried out 40-45 days before planting them in open ground. Optimal seed planting date - mid-March . Seedlings are ready for planting in the ground to a permanent position in May month. By this time the plant should have 5-6 leaves. It is better not to wait until the seedlings outgrow; such plants produce small heads.

Brussels sprouts

Brussels sprouts, like other varieties, are grown in seedlings. Seeds for seedlings need to have time to sow no later than April 25 (in the central zone of the Russian Federation). Seedlings ready for planting in a permanent place should also have 5-6 leaves. A plant aged 40-50 days is planted in open ground at the end of May - the very beginning of June.

Interestingly, Brussels sprouts are a biennial plant. In the first year it bears fruit, in the second year it produces seeds. This is what happened when we accidentally left a Brussels sprout stem hanging in the ground over the winter:

Cauliflower

Perhaps the most capricious variety of cabbage. Cauliflower is sensitive to soil, winds, low temperatures and is especially vulnerable in the early stages of growing seedlings.

Time to sow cauliflower seeds:

• Seeds are sown for seedlings on March 15-25, and seedlings are planted in the ground in late April-early May,
• Seeds are sown in open ground from the first ten days of May to mid-June.

Seedlings in open ground planted at the age of 45 - 50 days.

Our harvest:

Kohlrabi cabbage

They are grown by seedlings and by sowing seeds directly into open ground, over several periods.

Seedlings are planted in 3 terms to extend fruiting:

1. Seeds are sown in the middle - end of March, and at the end of April the seedlings will be ready for planting,
2. The seeds are sown in early May, and then on June 10-12 the seedlings can be planted in a permanent place,
3. In the last week of July - sowing seeds, at the end of August - planting seedlings.

Savoy cabbage

Time for sowing seeds for seedlings:

• early ripening varieties: 2nd decade of March, they can be planted in several - until the end of May,
• mid-season varieties must be planted no later than April 25 (under film or in a greenhouse),
• other varieties are grown similarly to white cabbage.

Seedlings of this variety of cabbage are planted in a permanent place at the age of 35 - 45 days, when 4-5 leaves form on the plants.

Time frame for planting seedlings in the ground:

• Early ripening varieties begin to be planted in the 1st decade of May, then mid-ripening varieties, and mid-late ripening varieties in the 2nd decade of May.

Chinese cabbage

Planted at several times, both by seedling method and by planting seeds in open ground:

1. In the first ten days of April, seeds are sown, and after 3 days the first shoots appear. After 7 days they can be planted into pots. At the beginning of May, 30 days after planting, in the three-leaf phase, Chinese cabbage seedlings are ready for planting in a permanent place.
2. At the end of summer, Chinese cabbage can be planted as a second crop in the vacated areas. The seeds are soaked and sown in July, then they are planted and young plants are planted in the garden at the beginning of August. If there is enough rain at the end of summer, you can expect a rich harvest 😉

Phew, as for the timing of planting cabbage, it seems that we have sorted it out. We hope the information was useful to you 😉 Happy sowing!

Cabbage is an unpretentious crop that requires a lot of light. When sowing seeds early, the seedlings may die from lack of sunlight. For this reason, it is necessary to correctly calculate the timing of sowing seeds.

Usually, planting white cabbage seedlings begins in the second decade of March; seeds are sown gradually every few days to extend the harvest period.

Sowing is carried out taking into account the early maturity of the variety:

Early ripening varieties are planted in the garden at the age of 30-40 days;

Medium aged 40-50 days;

Late ripening at the age of 50-60 days.

To this period you need to add 4-5 days required for seed germination and approximately 3-4 days for seedlings to take root after transplantation. Thus, it is possible to calculate with great accuracy the start date for sowing seeds of different varieties of white cabbage.

Growing any garden plants begins with choosing a variety suitable for your conditions. First of all, you need to figure out when and why the cabbage harvest is needed. This seems strange, but the answer determines, in addition to the variety, the time of sowing seeds to obtain seedlings of the required age. For example, if you need to get heads of cabbage in mid-summer for cabbage salads, then you need to choose early varieties, such as Iyunskaya, Kazachok F1. If the crop is fermented, then it is better to sow mid-season varieties, for example - Belorusskaya, Amager. For storage in winter, late varieties are needed - Geneva, Kolobok.

Please note that early varieties give a small harvest. Most varieties produce small and loose (about 1.5 kg) heads of cabbage. They can produce a harvest in 90-120 days.

Mid-late varieties can be used as food in the summer, they can be stored and salted for some time. They can produce a harvest in 150-170 days (there are mid-early varieties of white cabbage that form a head in 130-150 days).

Late cabbage ideal for long-term storage (some varieties can last until spring). They form a head of cabbage in 160-180 days.

Preparing white cabbage seeds

It is necessary to prepare seeds before planting to speed up germination and to destroy disease germs.

To disinfect seeds, they are soaked in water heated to 50 degrees.

After this, they are placed on a saucer, covered with a damp cloth and kept in the refrigerator for 12 hours.

Soil preparation

For seedlings of this crop, you should not use garden soil; it is advisable to create a nutritious soil mixture yourself. To do this, take an equal amount of coarse sand and turf soil to destroy pathogenic (harmful) microorganisms, pour hot water over the mixture, and sift the composition. At the end, add 10 tbsp per 10 liters of mixture. l wood ash. Ash also destroys infection in the soil, reduces acidity, and reduces the risk of seedlings becoming infected with blackleg.

The seeds are sown in boxes or pots. Pre-mixed soil is poured into them.

Other soil mixtures can be made, they mainly differ in the main component. For example, peat is added, not turf soil. When selecting components, it is only important to choose air-intensive components with a good supply of nutrients. After this, it is necessary to treat the soil composition with a solution of potassium permanganate.

Attention! You cannot use soil from beds where cruciferous crops previously grew, because these plants have probably infected the soil with diseases that affect cabbage. This will cause a decrease in the quality and quantity of the harvest, and may even lead to the death of seedlings.

Before sowing seeds, you need to moisten the soil well. The seeds are sown in grooves cut every 3 cm; the space between the seeds in the rows should be 1 cm. There should be 1 cm between them; 3 cm between the grooves. Seeds of early cabbage are sown in the first ten days of May, mid-season cabbage from the last ten days of May until the end of April, late-ripening varieties before the 20th of April.

Before sowing, containers intended for seedlings should be thoroughly washed and treated with disinfectants (potassium permanganate solution is suitable for this).

Sowing white cabbage seeds

At the bottom of a shallow (4-5 cm deep) box you need to pour a drainage layer 1 cm thick; small pebbles or expanded clay, eggshells are used as drainage. After this, add soil and water it well. You need to cut neat grooves in the ground, every 3-4 cm, the seeds are buried 1 cm into the soil. You cannot place the seeds close, otherwise you will need to dig through the seedlings. After this, the seeds are covered with soil, compacted and the soil in the box is sprayed with a spray bottle.

The containers are covered with plastic wrap or glass and placed in a bright place in the room, where the temperature is maintained within 18-20 degrees. The first shoots can be seen after 4-5 days.

Important! The soil must be kept moist so that the swollen seeds do not dry out. This is best done with a spray bottle. But do not forget that too much moisture can lead to rotting of the seeds and the spread of diseases such as blackleg.

Hardening off seedlings

When the seedlings appear, you need to start hardening the seedlings.

To do this, the container with them is brought into a room in which the temperature is maintained at 8-10 degrees, this will prevent the seedlings from stretching.

After a week, it can be returned to a warm room (greenhouse, room or insulated balcony).

During this period, it is important to maintain the temperature regime - 14-17 degrees during the day, 9 degrees at night and in cloudy weather.

Cabbage pick

Cabbage sprouts after a real leaf “hatches” on them. The seedlings are transplanted into a common box (planted according to a 5x5 cm pattern). Before picking, water the soil with warm potassium permanganate.

Caring for cabbage seedlings

Pickled cabbage seedlings should be placed in a room where the temperature is maintained within 18-20 degrees so that they do not weaken, grow new roots and, as a result, quickly take root. After 2 days, it is again necessary to harden the seedlings; to do this, place the boxes with seedlings in a room with a temperature of 13-14 degrees during the daytime and 9-10 degrees after the sun sets.

At the beginning of spring, cabbage seedlings need to be additionally illuminated with special phytolamps or fluorescent lamps, since the amount of sunlight is not enough for the proper development of plants.

If you decide not to pick the seedlings, then they are transplanted immediately into a separate container. With such a transplant, the roots of the plants are practically not injured. Please note that you should not moisten the soil too much, otherwise the risk of plant disease with blackleg increases.

Attention! In order for cabbage seedlings to develop quickly and well, it is necessary to provide them with at least 12-15 hours of daylight.

Do not forget that for good development, seedlings must be fed without fail. It is necessary to feed the plants for the first time at the age of 9 days, the next feeding – after 14-15 days. The last of them is carried out several days before transplanting to a permanent place to increase the immunity of seedlings. Ready-made liquid formulations intended for seedlings are well suited for this (use for feeding, follow the instructions exactly).

Under no circumstances should the temperature regime be violated; seedlings must be systematically watered; this is the only way to raise healthy and strong seedlings.

Planting plants in a permanent place

When you have grown high-quality seedlings, you need to plant them in the beds. But first, two weeks before this, it is necessary to harden the plants, accustom them to the effects of temperature, sunlight, and wind, which affect plants in the open air. It is not advisable to transfer plants into open ground when the air temperature drops; with such a transplant, the seedlings may throw out the flower shoot after a month.

It is impossible to obtain high-quality heads of white cabbage without fertile soil. Loamy soils in well-ventilated areas are best suited for this crop. Don’t forget, for cabbage you need to fertilize the soil well in the fall. For every 1 m2 of bed, half a bucket of manure is added. In areas with acidic soil, you need to add 1-2 tablespoons to each hole. wood ash mixed with 2-3 cups of high-quality compost. You can plant several bushes of seedlings in one hole, and after two weeks remove the weak plants, leaving one of the strongest seedlings.

Plants need to be replanted at the beginning (early varieties) or in the last ten days of May (for late-ripening varieties). The soil in the boxes with seedlings is well moistened 12 hours before planting. Early white cabbage is planted in beds according to the pattern 45x25 cm, late-ripening varieties according to the pattern 35x60 cm. It is better to plant seedlings in the garden beds in the late afternoon or in cloudy weather. During the first days, cover the plants from the sun.

Caring for seedlings in the garden

After planting white cabbage seedlings in a permanent place, for the rapid development of plants and the formation of a high-quality harvest, it is necessary to follow several important rules for caring for seedlings.

Mandatory operations must be performed:

Regular feeding of seedlings will make it possible to grow the required number of healthy and tasty heads of cabbage. Fertilizing is done with balanced fertilizer solutions;

Regular watering is extremely important for the growth of the vegetative mass of white cabbage, the formation of elastic and dense heads of cabbage, without it it is impossible to obtain a normal harvest;

It is necessary to carry out preventive treatments of plants with special means that protect plants from diseases;

It is necessary to regularly destroy weeds in the beds.

Please note that cabbage seedlings should be planted no thicker than every 40-50 cm; the holes should be made deep based on the size of the root system. The holes need to be watered only before planting the cabbage bushes; about 1 liter of water is poured into each hole, and the plants are immediately planted in it. Bury the stem so as not to cover the bottom leaf.

Cabbage seedlings grow better after legumes and grain plants. Cabbage develops well if root crops and pumpkin crops grew on the site before it.

Good day everyone! Today the garden theme will be dedicated to the most popular vegetable in our beds - cabbage.

If you make a list of leaders in garden crops, the top four will undoubtedly include tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers and our today’s heroine.

True, regardless of preference for one or another variety of the first three vegetable crops, our beauty is mainly grown exclusively as white cabbage. Few people plant broccoli or cauliflower. And there is no need to talk about other types.

But this, as they say, is a matter of everyone’s taste. Today I will tell you about different representatives. Suddenly you want to master a new variety for yourself. Moreover, the time for sowing and growing is no longer waiting. So let's talk about how to do this.

The timing of planting any crop, including cabbage, primarily depends on the climate present in a particular region. That is, weather and climatic conditions are taken into account.

It is clear that in cold weather plants develop more slowly, and seeds for seedlings should be sown earlier. However, in the southern regions, the timing of planting seedlings in open ground is earlier than in the northern regions. So don't forget about this either.

According to popular beliefs and advice, it is best to plant it as seedlings during the period when the Moon is waxing.

The table below shows favorable and unfavorable timing for working with this vegetable crop.

In addition, planting depends on the variety. If you need to get results quickly, it is better to sow seeds of early varieties. If you are going to store cabbage for several months, then medium. And naturally, for winter storage it is better to use seeds of late varieties.

It is clear that all varieties have their own period of growth and development. And in accordance with this, they are all planted in open ground at different times.

Let's look at these terms for the white and red cabbage varieties:

• for early varieties this period is 50 – 55 days
• for medium-sized ones – it is 40 – 45 days
• and for late varieties it is the smallest, only 30 - 35 days

Here are the dates for other varieties of this popular culture:

• for broccoli it will be 45 - 50 days
• for color this period is the same and is 45 – 50 days
• and for Brussels - it is the longest, and is almost two months, or more precisely 50 - 60 days.
• Kohlrabi and Savoy cabbage have a short period of time, it is only 35 - 45 days.

And we cannot discount the fact that we will pick up the seedlings. And at this time the plant will adapt to new conditions (I don’t want to use the word “sick” in this case). And this will also take about a week.

Now, knowing all these numbers, as well as knowing the approximate date of planting in open ground, you can accurately calculate the exact date of sowing seeds for seedlings.

This is a scheme that must always be followed, and then the plant will sprout on time, grow and give an excellent harvest.

Features of growing different types and varieties of maturation

As we have already determined, there are different varieties and types of this crop. And they all have different ripening periods. That’s why they are planted at different times and at different times.

In the northern regions, early varieties may already be sown in mid-February or early March. But April is the most suitable time for sowing crops of medium-ripening varieties. Moreover, they begin to sow seeds from the very beginning of the month, without delay.

But with late varieties you can wait a little and start planting only by the end of April. There is plenty of time, and the cabbage will have time to grow, ripen, and gain strength for long-term storage in the winter.

Now let's look at this issue in more detail, literally for each variety and type. As we could see, there are quite a lot of them. And let's start with the most popular and beloved - with the white cabbage beauty.

• February 15 – March 15 – dates for planting early ripening varieties
• March 1 – March 31 – mid-season varieties are planted
• March 15 – April 15 – you can sow seeds of late varieties

For red cabbage these terms are as follows:

• March 15 – April 15 – seeds of early ripening varieties are sown
• March 30 – April 30 – you can plant mid-season and late varieties

Cauliflower is loved in many garden plots, and every year it is grown more and more actively. And here there are also early and mid-ripening varieties.

• March 15 – April 15 – sowing dates for the first of them
• April 1 – May 15 is just the time for the latter. Often, mid-season varieties are sown for seedlings already in greenhouses with the onset of warm days. Then they are planted in open ground.

Kohlrabi is a storehouse of vitamins, and simply a beautiful and original vegetable crop. They love to grow it, and most importantly they love to harvest it - unusual beautiful forks.

• March 15 – March 30 – sowing dates for early ripening varieties
• April 1 – April 31 – sow medium varieties
• from May 1, all late varieties are sown

This lovely “Brussels” beauty is not often grown in our gardens. But if she has already settled once, she will become their permanent resident.

• March 1 - April 1 - time to sow early varieties of beauty
• April 1 - May 1 is the time for medium varieties
• April 15 – May 15 – the best time for late varieties

Broccoli – it even has a beautiful name! And what is she like? It’s a shame to even cut it when it’s ripe. Why not plant it in the garden with our usual Russian beauty. What are the deadlines for it?

• March 1 – April 1 – early varieties, or directly into the ground from May 15 to June 15
• March 15 – April 15 – time to sow mid-season varieties
• April 1 - May 1 is the right time to sow seeds of late varieties.

And we haven’t forgotten the overseas savoy cabbage either. The deadlines for her are:

• February 15 – March 15 – the earliest varieties
• March 15 – April 15 – middle and late varieties

And at the beginning of the chapter we also talked about climatic zones and the characteristics of sowing in them.

Thus, in the Urals and Siberia it is customary to sow seeds for seedlings from about mid-April. This is the case if we are planting early ripening varieties. And at the end of April you can prepare seeds of medium and early ripening varieties.

In the Volga region, early ripening cabbage is sown in mid-March and continues until early April. And already, starting from the first days of April, mid-season and late varieties are sown.

In the Moscow region and in central Russia, they also begin to sow from mid-March, and middle and late varieties are preserved until mid-April. And there they are already beginning to sow and grow seedlings with might and main.

Methods and features of growing from seeds

Cabbage loves full daylight. For its flowering and setting, a minimum 12-hour photoperiod is required. If there is not enough light, then germination may not occur. Early ripening varieties, and they ripen almost 90-100 days after sowing.

All this must be taken into account when choosing a landing method. And there are two of them. The most common is seedling and the second less popular is non-seedling.

Seedling growing method

Since planting seeds for seedlings is a more common and practiced method, we will consider it at the beginning.

If all the work on growing seedlings is divided into stages, then we can distinguish (conditionally, of course) the following stages:

• soil preparation
• planting seeds
• seedling care
• picking and hardening
• planting seedlings in open ground

As for the soil, it is now easier to purchase it in the store. But if you decide to prepare it yourself, then prepare the soil in the form of a mixture of peat and compost, which consists of humus, soil and sand. Moreover, sand should be no more than five percent of the total mixture.

Having prepared the soil, we prepare containers for the seeds. Here you can either take a common box for all the seedlings at once, or use individual cups for planting. In this case, you will not need to pick up the seedlings or replant them later.

Fill the prepared containers with soil.

A day before sowing, it should be thoroughly watered with a solution of drugs such as Gamair and Alirin-B.

If we use a container for general planting, then we make shallow grooves 1 cm deep in it. The distance between them should be at least 1 cm, and preferably a little more. The soil must be slightly moistened by sprinkling from a spray bottle, then sow the seeds at a distance of 1 cm.

Then sprinkle the seeds with soil and lightly spray the soil again. Then we put it on the windowsill and wait for shoots. The optimal temperature for this is 25 degrees Celsius.

The first seedlings will see the light in a week. And there will appear friendly, pleasing to the eye shoots. After this, we lower the temperature to 17 degrees for a week. It is necessary to water moderately so that there is no excess moisture. It is best to water through a syringe or rubber bulb. In this case, the small delicate roots are not injured.

The seedlings are picked very small, approximately 14 days after emergence. After this, the small sprout adapts for 7 - 10 days, and then begins to grow and develop again. The best temperature for this is 20 degrees. Watering during the entire growth period should also be moderate. It is also necessary to provide the seedlings with sufficient light.

With the onset of warm days, it's time to slightly harden our sissy. To do this, 12 days before planting in open ground, you can first open the window for a short time; over time, this period can be gradually lengthened. And after a few days you can leave it on a cool balcony for a while. And also gradually increase the time of her stay there.

Seedless growing method

The second method of growing is without seedlings. As is clear from the word itself, it means planting seeds directly in open ground.

Here, you need to prepare the seeds even more carefully than for seedlings.

• Sorting
• Culling
• Soak in warm water for 15 minutes

All these are significantly important stages and activities for seed preparation.

After this, you can start sowing. We sow the seeds to a depth of 2 cm. It is generally believed that per 10 square meters. meters 1.5-2 g is enough. seeds

As soon as the first three leaves appear, it is necessary to thin out and remove weak shoots. After 5-6 leaves appear, one more, final thinning is done.

For this growing method, seedlings are cared for in exactly the same way as with the previous method.

When to plant cabbage seedlings

And so, we decided to plant our favorite vegetable crop using seedlings. And we have already decided on the varieties and timing of planting them in open ground. We have already thoroughly understood this issue. I hope everyone understands how to count and calculate.

We know that already in July you can harvest the first harvest of early ripening cabbage. If you do the math, it needs to be planted no later than the first ten days of March. At the end of March it will be too late. This is the time for middle and late varieties.

It is clear that these dates are very approximate. After all, we also know and have already considered that the main factors are the climatic conditions of the area where you are planting.

Besides, it doesn’t even happen from year to year. Either in March all the snow has already melted, otherwise it lies a meter thick. That is, the weather conditions are such that the deadlines need to be revised and shifted in one direction. All this needs to be taken into account. And also take into account how long the seedlings need to grow in the warmth of home before they are planted in the ground.

There are a lot of calculations. And below is an approximate table that may help a little with the sowing dates of various varieties.

Timing for planting early cabbage seedlings of different varieties

Many people sow early cabbage to receive an early portion of fresh vitamins. They plant it not so much, mainly using medium and winter varieties. After all, they are the ones that are salted, prepared in salads and stored all winter.

But the early beauty is too good and tasty, so everyone tries to grow it as early as possible. Therefore, let's take a quick look at the timing of its planting.

When you buy seeds, be sure to pay attention to get the right variety. In our case - early. There are early varieties in almost all types and varieties of our heroine. And for all of them there are different sowing times. As a rule, there is information about this on the packaging. You can also find approximate dates for sowing and planting in open ground.

Early varieties require the most time to maintain at home. This means that some varieties are already starting to be planted in January (for example, Savoy).

In the chapter above, we have already examined in detail when which species should be sown. All that remains is to stick to it.

White and red cabbage beauties are sown 40 - 60 days before planting in the ground; kohlrabi – 30-35 days; Savoy - 40 - 50 days; Brussels sprouts and cauliflower - also 40 - 50 days.

Now let's look in more detail at how to plant this or that species.

Planting cauliflower seedlings at home

We won’t come up with anything new here either. Depending on the variety, it is necessary to sow the seeds at one time or another.

Below is a table to help you determine these deadlines. And also in it you can get acquainted with what varieties exist.

And so, judging by the table, the most optimal age of seedlings is considered to be from 25 to 50 days. We find our variety and see what age is considered optimal for it.

In accordance with this, we begin to deal with seeds. We go through them and discard the unnecessary ones. We decide on a date. This is an important point. You need to be sure that by the time the seedlings require transplanting outside, it should already be comfortable and warm enough for it.

We sow the seeds either in separate cups or in a common container (we have already discussed planting methods today). After 7 - 10 days, shoots should appear. This will happen if the temperature for this was comfortable, that is, 24 - 25 degrees.

But after their appearance, such a temperature will already be excessive, and it should be reduced by half. The ideal place is on a windowsill facing the sunny side.

If you planted seeds in a common die, then you need to dive in time. This time usually occurs on the 12th day after emergence. The day before this important event for the plant, the die must again be kept for a day at a temperature of 23 degrees.

And after the procedure, the temperature is the same as before the transplant, that is, 12 degrees Celsius.

A week before planting in the ground, you can begin hardening. To do this, open the windows and take the seedlings out onto the balcony.

Under such conditions, it then stands until it is planted in open ground.

Video on how to grow cauliflower

This video explains the process of growing cauliflower at home. This manual is like a necessary cheat sheet for gardeners and gardeners, especially for beginners.

Currently, “colorful forks” are grown in various regions of our country. And whoever hasn’t done this yet will probably, after watching the video, be impressed and buy another bag of seeds of this wonderful vegetable crop.

When to plant early June cabbage

An early-ripening beauty that all gardeners who grow this crop in their summer cottages want to have. White cabbage varieties are without a doubt the most grown, and at the same time traditional vegetable crop. And of course the most favorite.

The most popular among its many varieties are the early varieties. This is due to the fact that already in June you want to get a fresh harvest. Hence the popular name – “June”.

The main feature of the “June” favorite is the fact that approximately 100 days pass from the start of sowing to the harvest. Therefore, they begin to plant it in mid-March, and in some regions, depending on circumstances and weather conditions, until mid-April.

They didn’t come up with any special conditions for growing it. Just like for all other types and varieties, seeds are sown to a depth of 1 cm, with a distance of 1.5 - 2 cm from each other.

Until the shoots appear, the optimal temperature for this event should be 18 - 20 degrees, with a plus of course. And when the seedlings hatch, the temperature needs to be lowered to 14 degrees. It is important to maintain this temperature for 5 - 6 days. Then you can simply grow it at room temperature on the windowsill.

Don't forget about the light, there should be enough of it. The absence of light, or lack of it, contributes to the stretching of seedlings. But this does not make her stronger.

If the seedlings have sprouted quite densely, then they need to be threaded. Leave a distance of at least 1.5 cm between them. Usually weaker plants are removed. A week, maximum two, after the seedlings appear, they are planted in small containers, dropping up to seven-lobed leaves.

Then, after another two weeks, the seedlings dive again, and this time they are transplanted into separate cups.

In addition, this variety is also frost-resistant. She is not even afraid of frosts down to -5 degrees. This can be taken into account, and when planting early in open ground, you don’t have to be afraid of it. And you don’t even need to cover the plants at this time.

Timing for planting broccoli

Broccoli, of course, is not so often found among gardeners, but if you decide to plant it, then you need to adhere to some rules. Although the main planting work is carried out in the same way as when planting other types of cabbage.

In order to get more than one harvest, but several, it is very convenient to sow seeds in 2-3 stages. The interval between them can in this case be from 5 to 15 days.

They sow seeds without any innovations, just like everyone else. First, they prepare the dies, scatter the earth in them and cultivate it. They sort out the seeds and sow them to a depth of 1.5 cm, maintaining a distance of 3 cm between the seeds. The seedlings grow plump, so they will need a little more space than usual.

Then the seeds are covered with soil and sprayed with a spray bottle. They expect germination in 7 - 10 days.

Let me remind you that early varieties are sown 45 days before planting in the ground, and late varieties - 35 - 40 days. Here the difference is not so noticeable.

A special feature is that the seedlings are planted in parts. The first part is planted in the ground in early May (of course, if there are weather conditions for this). After 5 days you can plant the second batch, and after another 5 – the next one. And after 5 – the last one.

In general, you can transplant grown seedlings to the garden bed within two weeks after the first seedlings appear. But in any case, you should focus on the weather.

And to sort this issue out once and for all, let’s watch a video together on the topic of planting broccoli.

Now that we have learned everything about cabbage varieties, about the timing of their sowing and growing, we can easily cope with planting, caring for and caring for seedlings. And we can easily grow any of the known species and varieties.

Good luck with your gardening!