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The reliability of the sewer system is a quality that can only be discussed in cases where the structure does not leak. The need for sealing is not worth even discussing - it is needed, and the sewage system must be assembled in such a way that nothing leaks.
Of course, a sewer pipeline can leak due to pipe wear, but practice shows that with poor-quality assembly, it is the joints that suffer first. Leakage points must be sealed both when installing a new system and after repairing the old one.
In the old days, linen winding and oil paint were used for sealing. Today there are a lot of sealants, and all of them can be found on the market. What kinds of sealants there are, how to choose a suitable sealant for sewer pipes, and how to seal a sewer pipe will be discussed in this article.
Self-adhesive tape for sealing sewer pipes
Self-adhesive tape is one of the latest developments in this area. This sewer sealant is a white film of different widths wound on a spool.The material boasts many advantages:
- resistance to electricity;
- good corrosion resistance, which protects pipes from rust;
- ease of use;
- high efficiency and reliability.
When using the tape, certain conditions must be observed. First you need to carefully prepare the pipes so that the work is completed to the proper level. The pipes are cleaned of dust and dirt deposits, and after that they need to be thoroughly dried. It is advisable to coat the pipes with a primer before work.
When the pipes are processed, you need to take the tape and wrap it around the pipe in a spiral. The result should be the following: the self-adhesive tape will be tightly wound around the pipe, and any, even minimal, folds will be absent. To ensure maximum tightness of the pipe, the tape is wound with a half overlap, as a result of which the pipe is covered with not one, but two layers of film.
Silicone sealants for sewer pipes
Of course, self-adhesive tape is a very good material for processing joints, but other substances are also used in construction. For example, silicone sealants are special materials that are applied to the area that requires sealing and harden when exposed to oxygen.Silicone sealant for sewer pipes has several advantages:
- good adhesion to the pipe material;
- high resistance to different temperatures;
- excellent resistance to moisture;
- excellent mechanical strength;
- long service life.
Sealant for sewer pipes can be made from different materials. The most popular material is silicone, or siloxane. The material contains silicone rubber and some additives that increase the adhesion and strength of the sealant. In the manufacture of the material, vulcanizing admixtures are also used to accelerate the polymerization of the substance. As a result, after applying silicone sealant, the output is an elastic material with characteristics similar to rubber.
Silicone sealant for PVC sewer pipes can be divided into two types: neutral and acidic. This classification depends on which hardener is used in the material. Acid sealers are generally less expensive, but are only desirable for use on certain surfaces.
Neutral sealants are suitable for any coating, so they are used in difficult cases. In general, silicone sealants work great in conjunction with plastic and metal pipes.
To squeeze out the sealant, a special device is used - a mounting gun. Sometimes this device is missing and cannot be used - in such situations, the plumbing sealant for the sewer can be removed using a hammer: its handle is inserted into the tube and pressed, acting like a piston.
What and how to seal better
Pipes can also be sealed with other materials. In construction practice, there are often cases of using technical sulfur, epoxy resin, hemp rope, resin strands, asphalt mastic, etc.
The most commonly used resin is epoxy resin. To use it as a sealant, you need to use cold-curing hardeners (for example, polyethylene polyamine) and hot-curing (maleic anhydride is often used). Their number may vary from case to case, but on average the proportion can vary from 10:1 to 5:1. Epoxy resin is most often used when working at home.
The sewer outlet can also be sealed with technical sulfur. To use it, it must be crushed, heated to a plastic state, after which it is poured directly into the internal cavity of the joints. Such a connection is made from Portland cement, only in this case it is necessary to prepare a solution.
Sealing of sewer pipes is also carried out using tarred hemp rope, which is excellent for working with cast iron and ceramics. Asphalt mastic and petroleum bitumen are obtained in the form of a fill that well seals the joints of ceramic pipelines.
Sealing cast iron pipes
The connection of cast iron pipes occurs as follows: the next one is inserted into the socket of the fixed pipe, and the place of their connection is sealed. To make the connection airtight, you can use the technology described below.Unimpregnated linen tow is inserted into the gap between the connected pipes approximately 2/3 of the depth. When it is in the joint, it needs to be sealed in the socket - caulked. Flax tow can be replaced with hemp, but it will have to be treated with resin. After these steps, a mixture of Portland cement and water (9:1) is laid on top of the tow, and this sealant is placed in the free space of the joint.
Cement can be used to create a mixture if necessary. In this case, you need to add asbestos fiber, and the proportion will look like 2:1. Just before pouring into the pipe, a little water is added to the mixture to form a kind of “dough”. All of the above materials can be replaced with silicone sealant, simply poured into the gap between the pipes. To prevent the sealant from drying too quickly, cover the area where it is applied with a damp cloth or polyethylene.
Sealing the junction of cast iron and plastic pipes
When the need arises to repair an old sewer system that used cast iron pipes, many owners try to take advantage of the opportunity and replace the pipes with plastic ones. But in the end the question arises: how to seal sewer pipes made of different materials?To perform such an operation, you will have to follow this algorithm. First, adapters are purchased that are used to connect pipes made of different materials. A cast iron pipe must be thoroughly cleaned, and for better sealing, the socket should be degreased. Its internal cavity is subsequently sealed with sealant, as is the outer part of the structure. The adapter is placed in the socket, after which you need to wait until the sealant hardens. Then you can insert the pipes with each other, and they will be properly sealed. After some time, you need to test the sewer for leaks.
Conclusion
Sealing sewer pipes is not the easiest process, but there is nothing special about it: just follow the instructions and know what should happen in the end. Of course, choosing the right sewer pipe sealant is important. If everything was done correctly, the sewage system will work perfectly, providing a high degree of comfort to users.
Proper placement of pipes and sealing the joints of water supply elements will help to avoid sewer leaks. Sealant for sewer pipes is selected based on the installation method, brand of components and the installer’s preferences in the design of the system.
If defects in the exterior finishing are not difficult to correct, then resealing the seams will require the same amount of effort and time as building the system from scratch.
During installation, it is unacceptable for there to be leaks from inside the pipeline and leaks into the drain.
Modern materials for sealing
Which sealant for sewer pipes should I choose? Manufacturers suggest using tapes, silicone, epoxy resin, Portland cement and other materials.
Self-adhesive tapes
Both regular and foil tapes are available. Self-adhesive tapes have anti-corrosion properties and are intended for sealing pipe joints. This is a new product with a lot of positive properties.
- Anti-corrosion tapes are easy to use and highly effective.
- The films have a high-strength polyethylene base, so they last a long time.
- The material has anti-corrosion and dielectric properties and is used to protect the pipeline as a whole and for sealing linear elements.
- In addition to sealing joints, such a sealant for sewer pipes is also used for plugs, taps, turning corners, and bends.
The procedure for sealing with tape is as follows.
- Before gluing, we prepare the surfaces: they must be dry, dust-free and clean;
- we provide constant tension to the tape while wrapping around the pipe, eliminating folds and wrinkles;
- we apply the film in a spiral with an overlap of 50%, as a result, the insulation surface is covered with two layers of tape;
- We treat the material with a primer.
The edges of the pipe are coated with a thin layer of sealant
Silicone sealants
Silicone rubber is the basis of silicone sealants for sewer pipes. In combination with other components, it provides high quality pouring. Adhesion to surfaces is quite good even without pre-treatment with a primer.
There are two types of hardeners in silicone sealants: acidic and neutral. How to seal a sewer pipe?
Convenient packaging allows you to use material economically
Acidic ones have an acceptable cost, but are not applied to all surfaces that interact with acids. Neutral sealants are more versatile.
Silicone allows you to seal sewer pipes made of both metal and plastic. Silicone paste after vulcanization turns into a substance similar in its properties to rubber. Vulcanization occurs with the help of moisture in the air.
Silicone in tubes is used for sewer pipe joints
Alternative materials
Epoxy resin is a common sealant for PVC sewer pipes.
Portland cement is a component of mixtures for connecting cast iron sockets. To fill ceramic pipe joints, you will need asphalt mastic and petroleum bitumen.
Resin strand, jute or hemp rope are used in sealing cast iron or ceramic sockets.
Technical sulfur is a sealant for cast iron sewer pipes. Before pouring it into the joint cracks, it should be crushed and heated to the melting temperature. You can also purchase technical sulfur in already crushed form.
Modern materials for butt processing
Classic approach
Traditionally, joints are sealed by caulking 2/3 of the socket depth with a resin rope. Then the remaining third is filled with cement mortar. The proportion of cement mass to water is 9:1.
Cementing
The cement mixture is replaced with asbestos-cement mixtures, but the cement must be of a grade higher than 400 and contain asbestos fiber in a 2:1 ratio. The mixture is prepared in advance and diluted with water before use. It is convenient, economical and does not take much time.
Before connecting the segments on the surface, thoroughly clean the joints from dirt, then apply glycerin lubricant or a thick soap solution to them.
Drawing mounting marks helps to accurately push one part of the pipe into another during operation. The sealing process is the main factor for the absence of leaks.
Silicone sizing
Modern plastic sewer pipes are equipped with a rubber seal, which ensures sealing, quick installation and quality of work. But it is still safer to use silicone for cuffs. The material is produced in tubes for a gun or in small tubes, like for toothpaste. Professionals use the first option.
During work, high-quality processing of connection points will allow you to avoid problems in the future and prevent leaks and cracks. It is better to do the job once at a professional level than to repair the system several times later.
Video: sealant for PVC sewer pipes
Careful sealing of PVC sewer pipes must be carried out at the construction stage. It is carried out using sealants designed specifically for the drain line. There are several types of them.
Which one to choose for use is decided based on the sewer pipes used for the work. The method of laying the network is also taken into account. The technician carrying out the installation work can also choose the type of sealing of PVC sewer pipes.
Sealing is required for all PVC pipes in the drain network, especially if they run underground. To do everything thoroughly and for a long time, you need to treat the entire process with great responsibility.
Because inaccuracies in external finishes are easier to correct. But repeating the procedure for a PVC pipeline is only possible with a large amount of work. Their scale can be compared to laying a new system.
Also, when sealing, it is very important to avoid leaks from drain pipes. No one doubts the tightness of the drains. Thanks to this, you don’t have to worry about leaks in the premises.
The next point is the protection of sewer lines from the ingress of various liquids that disrupt their stable functioning.
IMPORTANT! If you do not seal the sewer pipelines, or do it incorrectly, then in the near future you will have to redo the finished system again.
Sealant - types and purposes
The concept of sealant includes not only the usual mixtures in tubes with a nozzle; in this context, more comprehensive concepts are located.
These devices are used to seal sewer lines and PVC risers.
This tape is suitable for any product. Its difference is its long service life and high strength. Of the auxiliary tools for working with self-adhesive tape, you only need to prepare a knife.
The joint where the sealing will take place must first be cleaned, then degreased and primed with a primer. The tape is applied spirally and with overlap between layers.
As a result, the coating is formed from two layers. Docking is done after we have wound the tape. The only disadvantage of this sealant is poor tolerance to sunlight.
Video
For these reasons, the use of this product on open sewer lines requires the installation of additional UV protection.
Silicone material
Adhesive sealant for PVC pipes made of silicone rubber can be acidic or neutral. The first type is used on sewer pipes that are not susceptible to acid. The second is used for any materials, but is more expensive.
ADVICE! Silicone is a highly adhesive material, and is excellent not only for PVC pipes, but also for products made of cast iron and ceramics.
To apply the sealant glue, use a special syringe. The areas to be joined are thoroughly cleaned of debris beforehand; this is necessary to obtain the highest possible effect.
This glue may simply not stick to the uncleaned base of sewer pipes. After hardening, a waterproof and durable layer is obtained.
It will not allow any liquid to pass through the joint. These joints are known for their durability and long service life.
Other methods of sealing pipe joints
Video
Sealing pipe joints, in addition to the options described, can be done in other ways. It should be noted that they also cope well with the tasks assigned to them. Below we will talk about them in more detail:
- Melted bitumen. It is also known by another name - bitumen mastic. Actions with this sealant do not involve anything complicated.
- There are other sealants. For example: technical sulfur. The cost of this product is not high, and its distinguishing feature is its long service life. This type is mainly used for cast iron pipelines. Almost the same characteristics as Portland cement. But recently it has often been replaced serocement or sulfur concrete. These products can most often be found during the installation of sewer networks at large industrial facilities and in multi-storey buildings.
- A special type of sealant is epoxy resin. It is widely used not only for sewer outlets, but also in the construction of various structures where additional impregnation is required. In drain and water supply pipe networks, this type of material can be found where ceramic or cast iron pipes are located. Compared to PVC pipes, these products require more serious connections. And the advantages of epoxy resin include its resistance to chemical reagents and longevity. This product only resists sulfuric and nitric acid, acetone and hydrogen peroxide poorly.
- Previously, for finishing on pipe mains in everyday life they installed jute, which was treated with resin. The action of jutes is a bit like self-adhesive tapes. But the principle of fastening in this case is slightly different. Jute is an ordinary twine, which, after being treated with resinous substances, becomes very durable. Finishing in this way is characterized by a long service life and high strength.
Sealants for ventilation made of PVC materials
A professional technician will help you choose a sealant and do all the work quickly and efficiently. The money spent in this case will be justified by the good operation of the exhaust system in the house, and, accordingly, by the good health of its residents.
Video
The sealing of PVC sewer pipes, as well as the exhaust system, can be made with any material. Choice in this situation does not play a significant role. All proposed options allow you to achieve highly effective sealing results.
The final decision when choosing material for work should be made after studying the placement of the network and the type of material used for it.
The most important thing is competence in performing this work, this will be the key to the absence of leaks in such a network for a long period.
A sewer system that does not leak is considered reliable. Therefore, good sealing of sewer pipes at home or in an apartment guarantees the absence of troubles in the future.
The age of the sewerage system, its wear and tear (for example, cast iron pipes in the risers of high-rise buildings), outdated materials, of course, can leak due to age and require complete replacement. However, as practice shows, during operation the most vulnerable point, whether when laying new or when repairing old communications and drainage systems, is the place where they are connected. And the question remains of how to seal sewer pipes at the joints.
Previously, linen winding or plaster bandage and oil paint were used to seal cast iron pipes in risers and basements of houses and apartments. But today, construction stores sell a lot of modern materials and sealants, to select which you need to understand the differences, purposes and properties applicable to drainage systems.
For your information! Easy-to-use modern materials allow you to do all the work yourself, including waterproofing and sealing.
Self-adhesive tape is a modern material for sealing joints in the sewer system. It is a white film wound on a spool and has different widths.
Advantages of self-adhesive tape:
- Convenience and ease of use;
- Good resistance to corrosion, thereby protecting the sewage system from rusting;
- Does not conduct electricity;
- High reliability and efficiency.
Disadvantages of self-adhesive tape:
- Lack of UV resistance. This makes it impossible to use this material in open spaces.
Advice! To create an airtight connection using tape outdoors, cover the joints of the sewer pipes with sun protection material at the gluing site.
Experienced craftsmen and builders use self-adhesive tape not only for sealing joints of sewer systems. It is often used when working with fittings and various shaped elements.
Features of working with tape
In order to perform the work efficiently, it is necessary to first prepare the pipes. They are thoroughly cleaned from layers of dust, dirt, etc., and dried well. Cover with a layer of primer and dry again. Once the surfaces have been prepared, you can apply the tape.
The tape is wound around the desired area in a spiral with a half overlap for greater tightness. After this, you can wind the second layer in a similar way. The pipes are sealed!
Note! Care must be taken to ensure that no folds are formed during the winding process. Even small ones can reduce the tightness of the winding to zero.
Silicone pipe sealants
Self-adhesive tape is well suited for processing pipe joints, but this material is not always applicable in construction. There are other materials and substances that can ensure the tightness of the sewer system.
Silicone sealants are substances that harden upon contact with air and have excellent sealing properties. Apply directly to the area requiring treatment.
Sealants can be made from a combination of different starting materials. One of the most popular is silicone (or siloxane), consisting of silicone rubber and additives that increase the strength and adhesion of the material. To accelerate the polymerization of the substance, various vulcanizing impurities are used. The result is a rubber-like elastic material with excellent sealing properties and a wide range of applications.
Advantages of silicone sealant
- High degree of adhesion between different types of materials;
- Good resistance to various temperature conditions;
- Sufficiently high mechanical strength;
- Good moisture resistance;
- Long service life.
Depending on what hardener is used in the material, silicone sealants for plastic pipes are divided into two types: acidic and neutral. Acidic sealants have limitations in application and their cost is slightly lower than neutral ones.
Sealants belonging to the neutral class are suitable for any surface and provide excellent performance in bonding various surfaces (for example, joints of metal and plastic sewer pipes).
Silicone sealants are enclosed in devices called caulking guns. If this device is not available, or it is impossible to use it, you can use the handle of a hammer, acting like a piston, to press on the bottom of the tube. Thus, by dosing the squeezing out of the required amount of material from the packaging, the necessary work is carried out.
How to seal sewer pipes?
Sealing of sewerage systems in modern construction conditions is also carried out by other types of materials. Craftsmen often use epoxy resin, asphalt mastic, resin strands, hemp ropes and technical sulfur.
Most often, when working at home, epoxy resin is used. To harden this material, polyethylene polyamine is used for cold hardening, and maleic anhydride is used for hot hardening. But others can also be used. The combination proportion can vary and on average varies from 10:1 to 5:1.
Technical sulfur is used to seal sewer outlets. To do this, it is crushed, heated to a suitable plastic state and poured directly onto the inner surface of the joints of the exhaust pipes. This compound is made from Portland cement, in this case you need to prepare a solution.
Tarred hemp rope is excellent for working with ceramics and cast iron. And the filling of petroleum bitumen and asphalt mastic well seals the joints of ceramic pipes.
Sealing cast iron sewer pipes
To connect cast iron riser pipes, another is inserted into the socket of one pipe, and the joint is sealed with the selected material. Experienced craftsmen usually carry out everything using the following technology:
- Linen tow is inserted into the gap between the riser pipes without impregnation to a depth of approximately 2/3 and caulked (compacted).
For your information! Flax tow can be replaced with hemp treated with resin.
- On top of the tow, in the free space of the joint, a mixture of water and Portland cement is placed in a combination of 1:9, respectively.
For your information! To create a mixture, if necessary, you can use cement in combination with asbestos fiber, in a 2:1 combination, respectively. And before pouring it into the pipe, add a little water to the mixture.
All of the above materials can be replaced with silicone sealant, which is simply poured into the free space between the riser pipes. And to protect this type of sealant from drying out too quickly, the application area is covered with polyethylene or a damp cloth.
Sealing the joint between cast iron and plastic sewer pipes
When repairing an old sewer system in a house or apartment, a situation often arises when it is necessary to connect new plastic pipes with old cast iron ones. And the question arises, what and how to seal the sewer pipe correctly.
To do this you need:
- To connect pipes made of different materials, you need to purchase special adapters;
- The surface of the cast iron pipe is thoroughly cleaned and degreased;
- The internal and external surfaces are coated with sealant;
- An adapter is installed in the socket;
- Wait time for the sealant to harden;
- The plastic pipe is connected and the joint is sealed;
- A leak test is carried out.
If you adhere to technology and choose high-quality material to create a strong and tight connection to the sewerage system, this will be a good foundation for the future, protecting you from troubles associated with sewerage leaks. In our video you can see how to seal and waterproof sewer pipes with your own hands.
Sewerage is designed to collect and dispose of liquid human waste. Any leaks of contaminated wastewater lead to unpleasant consequences - repulsive odors, damage to building structures and even the spread of dangerous infectious diseases. To ensure reliable operation of the system, sealing of sewer pipe joints is carried out both at the installation stage and when servicing existing communications. Various technologies using sealants can prevent leaks and correct problems in the functioning of drainage paths.
The sad consequences of a leaking sewer system
Why do you need sealing of sewer pipes?
Leaks in pipes occur due to installation errors, as a result of wear of pipeline parts or mechanical damage associated with freezing or shock. Violation of tightness can occur due to incorrect design, non-compliance with slope angles and connection of communications. Increased pressure occurs in the connecting nodes, which causes their deformation and, as a result, leakage.
Sealing of joints between sewer pipes is carried out for the purpose of:
- Avoid leaks into the external environment. Contaminated wastewater entering the ground causes contamination of soil and water. The smell of sewage is nothing more than a mixture of gases harmful to human breathing - methane, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, released during the decay of organic waste.
- Prevent flooding of underground structures. A large volume of emissions can erode soils under foundations and fill cellars, basements or basements. The aggressive composition of sewage water causes corrosion of building materials.
Sewage washed away the base of the highway - Secure pipelines from external leaks. When groundwater is sucked from the soil, sand and soil enter the system. They accumulate in the lumen of the pipes, further clogging the sewer.
- Extend the service life of communications. Rubber gaskets at joints age over time and lose their elastic properties. The process is aggravated by temperature changes and the alkaline or acidic reaction of wastewater. The tightness of the system is lost, dismantling and expensive repairs are required.
To choose the optimal sealing method, take into account the type of sewer system, material and design of the pipes. Installation must initially be carried out without errors leading to depressurization. Otherwise, the efforts to glue the joints will be wasted.
Principles of laying sewer networks
Utility networks for drainage include internal, external and storm sewer systems. They are laid taking into account the requirements of SNiP 2.04.01-85. According to the standards:
- The diameter of the pipes is selected based on the second flow of liquid. In apartments this is 30-50 mm for appliances and 110 mm for toilets and outlets.
- The optimal slope of the lines is 1-3.5 cm per 1 linear meter, so that the drains move freely by gravity without being delayed.
The system should be located with a slope towards the sewer riser or the general drainage point - The joints of the water pipelines are placed at an angle of 120°-135°. A sharp change in the direction of fluid movement leads to a decrease in flow rate and the formation of a blockage.
- The diameter of pipes for external sewerage is at least 150 mm, and the minimum laying depth is 0.5-0.7 m from ground level. When laid above the freezing point, the profiles are insulated.
- For cleaning, inspections are carried out at pipeline turning points.
- Drainage and storage systems must be sealed. To eliminate the risk of contamination of the aquifer, they are removed from the well at a distance of at least 15 m.
Sewerage is laid from plastic, cast iron, ceramic or asbestos pipes. Connections - socket or coupling.
Important. If the installation standards are followed, blockages causing leaks will become a rare occurrence.
Types of pipes for drainage
The choice of method and material for sealing is directly related to the type of sewer pipe. For the installation of drainage systems in apartments and private houses, the following are most often used:
- Cast iron pipes. They are mechanically strong, durable, and corrosion resistant. One end is formed in the form of a bell - a funnel-shaped extension, providing a quick and reliable connection.
- Plastic. They are made from polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, fiberglass. The products are lightweight and heat resistant. Service life reaches 50 years. The inner surface of polymer pipes is smooth, which reduces the deposition of suspended matter. Inexpensive price and simple installation make it possible to widely use polymer products in private construction and for apartment renovations.
Plumbing polymer products for pipeline installation Ceramic, asbestos or concrete structures are used much less frequently. They are difficult to transport and install due to their heavy weight, and in some qualities they are inferior to their counterparts made of cast iron or polymers.
Types of sealants used and rules for their application
The construction industry produces sealing materials designed for sealing sewer pipe joints. This:
- Sealing self-adhesive tapes. Strips 3-15 cm wide are made from bitumen or rubber. They can be reinforced with fiberglass mesh and covered with a protective layer of aluminum foil. Used to strengthen coupling joints, tap-in points or seal cracks in communications.
Self-adhesive tape - Polymer sealants. Viscous compounds made from silicone rubbers, acrylic or polyurethane cure at room temperature. They have heat and water resistance, good adhesion to the pipe material. Acidic, vinegar-smelling substances are not recommended for working with metal, as they cause corrosion. More expensive neutrals are safer in this regard.
- Portland cement. Powder made from clinker, calcium silicate and gypsum hardens quickly when combined with water. To increase elasticity, modifiers are added to the mass. Used for sealing cast iron structures.
- Technical sulfur. Inexpensive material is produced in the form of powder or lumps. It is crushed and mixed with finely ground kaolin, heated to a temperature of 150°C. In molten form, it is poured into the socket of cast iron pipes.
Technical granulated sulfur - Bitumen sealants. Compositions with rubber or polymer additives are applied heated or cold. They have high elasticity and water resistance, but become brittle at temperatures below -35°C.
- Thiokol sealants. Heat-resistant, elastic and durable compositions are very unpretentious and have high adhesion to plastic, metal or concrete. Suitable for gluing pipe joints made of various materials. The adhesive base is mixed with a hardener and vulcanization accelerator before work.
Sealing tapes are designed for processing joints from the outside. Remove the protective film, slightly stretching it, and apply overlapping layers. Wrap the pipe 15-20 cm above and below the joint. First, the surface is cleaned of dirt and dust to ensure a tight fit of the strip.
Paste-like bitumen, polyurethane or silicone sealants are applied to the inner edge of the socket, connected to another part, and left until completely hardened. Most often, such compositions are used when assembling the joint of cast iron and plastic pipes. The viscous layer ensures the tightness of the interface and compensates for varying degrees of temperature deformation of the two materials.
Sealing PVC sewer pipes
Installation of sewerage systems made of polyvinyl chloride pipes consists of simple operations - the end of one element is inserted into the socket of another. The rubber O-ring ensures a tight connection. Over time, the ring material ages, and if the joint is under even slight deforming stress, a leak occurs.
There are two ways to troubleshoot the problem:
- Dismantling of the structure with replacement of the gasket and subsequent assembly of the section.
- Sealing a leaking joint with sealant without dismantling.
In the first case, a viscous sealant is used, in the second, self-adhesive tape.
Assembling a system from PVC pipes with sealant
Sealing of PVC sewer pipes is carried out in the following sequence:
- Clean the surfaces to be joined from dust with a cloth moistened with a degreaser.
- Apply a thin layer of glue to the inside of the socket and the outer end of the attached pipe.
- Insert the element without force, pressing lightly.
- Hold the link for several seconds until the composition dries.
Remove any remaining sealant with a napkin. Allow the glue to completely harden for 5-15 minutes.
Installation of sewer pipes using silicone sealant Sealing PVC pipes without dismantling
To repair a joint without dismantling, clear the area for free access. Use sealing tape, such as self-vulcanizing silicone repair tape.
The work is carried out according to the following scheme:
- The tape is stretched to increase its length by 3 times.
- Wrap the damaged area with an overlap of up to 50% of the strip width.
- Lay several layers as tightly as possible.
Sealing joints with self-adhesive tape Important. Repair tape is convenient because it seals even wet, uneven or greasy surfaces. Vulcanization of silicone rubber occurs within a few seconds.
Sealing of cast iron structures
To seal the joints of cast iron pipes with your own hands, use tarred tow made of flax or jute fiber. The work is carried out according to the following algorithm:
- Wind the strands around the end of the pipe.
- The structure is inserted into the socket and the fiber is compacted with a special tool—chasing.
- The voids are filled with a solution of Portland cement in a ratio of 9:1 or filled with a viscous sealant.
Tow fills the joint to 2/3 of the height. When wet, the strands swell, taking up all the available space. You can use a mixture of dry asbestos fiber and cement in a 1:2 ratio. Before use, mix the ingredients with water.
Caulking the joints of cast iron pipes with tow and filling with polymer sealant Sealing concrete rings
To prevent sewer septic tanks from becoming a source of environmental pollution, it is necessary to thoroughly waterproof the concrete rings. Various sealing methods are used:
- plastering the inner surface with moisture-resistant compounds;
- spraying an elastic film on the outside using a special apparatus;
- coating with cold or hot mastics;
- pasting with roll materials;
- impregnation with penetrating solutions;
- sealing joints with bentonite expanding clay and bitumen pastes.
Coating waterproofing of wells Treating the rings with bitumen mastics and additional protection using a clay lock gives a good effect. The clay around the septic tank is poured in layers and compacted with a hand tamper.
When installing and repairing a sewer system, professional plumbers recommend:
- Rigidly fix the structures during installation using clamps.
- Do not increase the pipe slope above 15%. If the angle is steeper, the water will not have time to wash away the waste deposited on the walls.
- Seal cracks in a cast iron pipe using a bandage soaked in cement mortar and a clamp.
- If the system does not provide an angle of inclination for free drainage, use special blowers for sewage.
- Regularly inspect drainage lines.
Assembling the sewer system in compliance with the standards, sealing critical joints and careful operation will help the structure last a long time.