Caring for garden chamomile after flowering. Large garden chamomile: planting and care

Daisies in flower beds look great, but in order for them to grow healthy and beautiful, the gardener needs to organize the correct sowing, choose the appropriate method of planting, fertilizing, caring, and most importantly, learn the intricacies of pest and disease control.

Modern cultivated daisies can hardly be called wildflowers today. However, it is wild daisies that are the founders of the entire selection of garden daisies. Daisies have won the hearts of flower growers due to their delicate beauty. In Russia, chamomile began to be actively planted in flower beds around the 18th-19th century. However, long before the peak of its popularity, in Rus' the flower was considered the personification of innocence and beauty; field chamomile was often woven into braids and wreaths. Chamomile was also revered in ancient Rome, not only for its decorative qualities, but also for its healing properties. In ancient Egypt, this flower was glorified as the flower of the sun god. Today, garden perennial chamomile is the merit of breeders and the subject of their long and painstaking work.

Necessary conditions for growing chamomile

Without exception, all varieties of chamomile are partial to well-lit areas; sunlight is necessary for the growth and proper development of the plant. Neutral soils with low acidity are considered the best for growing daisies. The soil for cultivating these flowers must be fertile, but chamomile is not capricious and will grow well in poor soil, subject to the required care conditions: fertilizing and watering. Since garden chamomile is a cultivated plant, it needs frequent watering for stable and large flowering. Regular watering is necessary not only during drought, but also if you have sandy loam soil. However, under no circumstances should you allow water to stagnate in the area with daisies; the flowers may simply die from putrefactive diseases. It is better to make artificial drainage if there is groundwater in your area to protect the plants from excess moisture.

Cultivated chamomile can be propagated using different methods. Chamomile is propagated by seeds, seedlings or cuttings and rhizomes. For propagation, select only healthy bushes with good, high-quality flowering indicators. When the flower stalks ripen and the petals become dry and begin to fall off, the browned baskets with seeds should be cut off and dried in a well-ventilated, warm room. Then collect the seeds, sort, clear of debris and store until sowing in a special bag with holes so that the seeds do not spoil. Well, if your bush has grown, then you can divide it into several plants; to do this, you need to dig up the chamomile in the fall, carefully divide the bush, and so that the root system is distributed evenly between them. Then locate the chamomile in a new habitat, with mandatory feeding.

Sowing chamomile

You can start sowing in the first ten days of autumn or early spring; the time of sowing will determine the flowering period of chamomile. If you sow seeds, it is better to do it in early spring, and after a month you will enjoy the seedlings. However, keep in mind that low temperatures can damage garden vegetation, so sowing flowers should be done when the frosts have completely subsided. So, the depth for planting chamomile seeds should not exceed 3 centimeters. Chamomile can be sown either in rows or in a nesting method. The main thing is not to make a mistake with the row spacing, for your own convenience when watering and caring for the plant. The seedlings are planted a month later in open ground. Planting is carried out according to the same scheme as with seeds. Chamomile responds well to enriched, well-drained soils and prefers well-lit areas. In the shade, the plant will stretch upward and bend. It is better to prepare loamy soils before planting chamomile by adding peat or chopped straw mixed with sawdust to the soil in the fall. And in the spring, start sowing with peace of mind. Otherwise, loamy soil will lead to plant disease.

Chamomile propagation methods

As described above, chamomile can be propagated in different ways, and one of the simplest is by seed. Depending on the climate in your region, seeds begin to be planted between April and May. After sowing, it is better to cover the area with the seedlings with polyethylene; with this method of growing, you can expect germination in two to three weeks. It is recommended to harden the seeds before sowing to avoid sowing stress.

Keep the seeds in the refrigerator for about a week. If you live in a region with an unstable climate, it is better to sow seedlings in early April, and plant them in open ground in May, when the frosts have subsided. To do this, pour prepared or purchased soil into a container, sow the seeds and place it on the windowsill, on the sunny side, and organize watering. When the seedlings have two or three leaves, they can be planted in open ground, taking into account the temperature regime; at night the temperature should not drop below +15 degrees, otherwise the plant will simply wither. The easiest way to plant seedlings is by nesting in holes to such a depth that the soil covers all the roots. A young plant can be planted together with the soil in which it was sown; to do this, remove the chamomile from the container, place it in the hole and dig in with soil, pressing down lightly. After planting is complete, water the plants with warm water.

Chamomile is one of those plants that, under favorable conditions, grow rapidly. Based on the fact that large bushes produce small flowers, and the likelihood of infection by fungal diseases increases every year, every five to six years, it is necessary to replant the plant, dividing the bush into separate families. It is permissible to dig up plants only in the fall, after flowering has ended. Dividing a bush is not a complicated procedure, just divide the bush equally, form a separate one and transplant it to a new prepared place. After transplanting is complete, apply fertilizing. Garden chamomile can also be propagated by cuttings, but this process is complicated and is used in practice by gardeners in rare cases when the chamomile root system is damaged or it is not possible to collect the plant’s seeds.

Chamomile varieties

Today, there are quite a few varieties of chamomile, they all differ in flowering time, bud size, height and other vegetation characteristics. Well-known varieties of chamomile, which are always popular not only with flower growers, but also with floriculture lovers, are cornflower, doronicum, pyrethrum, small-petalled and pharmaceutical chamomile.

Nivyanyk. A large garden chamomile, it includes about twenty varieties. Many flower growers choose for their plots, the most common ones are common, large and Kuril. These flowers are large in size, have beautiful double petals and a yellow core. Nielberry plants, like other chamomile varieties, prefer sunny areas and nutritious soil. Niberry bushes grow quickly, so they need to be replanted every three or four years. The main difference between cornflower and other chamomile varieties is its large size.

Small-petalled. The plant reaches a meter in height at maturity. Blooms from early June. Flowering lasts for about two months. Small petal flowers come in different shades, white, blue and pink.

Pyrethrum or Persian chamomile. The plant is bushy, reaches one and a half meters in height. The size of the buds varies and depends on the quality of the soil; the color can be pink, yellow, red and white. Depending on the variety, it has double or ordinary petals. Loves saturated, well-drained soils, average humidity and fertilizing. It is recommended to replant the plant after reaching four years of age. Serves as a good remedy in the fight against house moths. It gets along well in a flowerbed with its own kind, as well as any varieties of poppy, bellflower and other garden plants.

Doronicum. This variety of chamomile is a perennial plant with an early flowering period. It reaches a height of up to a meter. The flowers are unpretentious, thrive in low-nutrient soil, and grow well in shaded areas. Doronicum flowers are predominantly yellow. The plant begins to bloom early, flowering lasts about two months.

Pharmaceutical camomile. It is no accident that this widespread variety won the hearts of gardeners. Pharmaceutical chamomile has a whole range of healing properties. Chamomile serves as an antiseptic; pharmaceutical chamomile is used not only in pharmacology, but also in the beauty industry. Chamomile infusions and decoctions fight many diseases and are used in cosmetology. Chamomile retains its medicinal properties even when dried, which is why pharmaceutical chamomile is often found in domestic garden beds. The chamomile has no outstanding decorative qualities; the flowers are small, the plant grows up to 50 centimeters in height, and is unpretentious to the soil.

Caring for garden chamomile

Chamomile is not a fastidious plant, however, like all garden vegetation, it needs loosening, weeding, watering, replanting and protection from temperature changes. So that the flowers do not become smaller, and the plant pleases you with its appearance, chamomile must be replanted every four years. To do this, the bush is dug up, divided in half and transplanted from its original location to a new one. Thus, the plant rejuvenates, giving new shoots. Chamomile is a strong plant with a well-developed root system, but proximity to weeds and the struggle for nutrient media can affect flowering. Therefore, it is inappropriate to be near weeds; to do this, weed as needed. Chamomile responds well to well-drained soils with good aeration; to do this, loosen the soil, but be careful not to damage the roots and young plants. Chamomile overwinters well in an area protected from the wind, but if in your region the winter is quite cold, then it is necessary to cover the flowers for the winter. The material will be straw, peat or sawdust. After the end of the growing season, the chamomile must be trimmed; the entire above-ground part of the plant is cut off with garden shears.

It is not difficult to achieve lush chamomile flowering, you just need to take care of the plant. Regular watering and timely removal of faded flowers will help achieve the desired result. The bushes will delight you with their lush flowering for a long time. Many gardeners recommend mulching the soil with chamomile plantings, a thin layer in the hot months and a layer of at least 20 centimeters in the cold winter. Mulching perfectly protects chamomile bushes from the heat of the sun, retains moisture, and in winter a thick layer of mulch will protect the plant from the cold. In the spring, when the frosts have subsided, the mulch must be removed, since the overwintered plant will begin to actively grow, and for this it needs to be warmed by the sun's rays; in addition, pests and dangerous pathogens of fungal infections can settle in the mulch after winter.

Feeding chamomile

In order for chamomile to bloom well, remain healthy and strong, it needs feeding. Feeding will depend on the growing season of the plant. First of all, chamomile should be fed before flowering begins. To do this, dilute purchased fertilizers for garden flowers according to the instructions and water the plant. You can use nitrophosk fertilizer, diluting it with water in accordance with the instructions for use.

Subsequent feeding is carried out after the plant has finished flowering. Chamomile is fertilized with superphosphate and potassium. To treat several bushes, you will need about eight liters of fertilizer. To protect chamomile from pathogenic flora, it is recommended to add wood ash to the soil after flowering and loosen the soil well.

Pests and diseases of chamomile

Chamomile has a fairly strong immunity, but like all cultivated plants it is susceptible to some diseases. The main feature in preventing flower disease is prevention. Do not allow water to stagnate in the area, otherwise the plant may be susceptible to diseases such as gray rot, fusarium, rust and other fungal diseases. Before transplanting chamomile, treat the soil with fungicidal preparations. Trim dead parts of the plant in a timely manner and apply insecticides.

Chamomile is perfect for decorating flower beds and making flower arrangements, and thanks to its unpretentiousness, ease of care and variety of varieties, it will satisfy the requirements of even the most capricious gardener.

Walking through the green meadows in summer, it is impossible not to admire the white blanket of daisies. This flower has deservedly earned its other name - the flower of the sun. In Ancient Egypt it was believed that chamomile could only grow in a place where the Sun God would pass.

In Polish the name of the flower means "Roman Flower". When entering someone else's garden, there is no way to confuse a chamomile; it is possible to confuse it among many other flowers.

External characteristics

Chamomile is divided into two main subspecies - wild and garden. Looking at a photo of a garden chamomile, you can immediately see that it consists of a bright yellow center, along the edges there are flat white and slightly yellowish petals.

During the ripening period, small seeds appear. The flower exudes a subtle sweetish aroma, evoking a romantic atmosphere.

Characteristics of chamomile:

grows from 35 cm
is part of the asteraceae
the petals are gently smooth and arranged around the circumference of the core
inflorescence diameter up to 14 centimeters
two-fingered leaves, the surface of which is smooth, bright green in color
flowering continues throughout the summer
the flowerbed can be placed in the shade or in the sun
in autumn the lower part of the flower dies, but is reborn in spring.

Types of chamomile

Before you start planting, you need to choose which type of chamomile can decorate your garden corner with its unsurpassed beauty and delicate grace, becoming a real queen of the garden plot.

Alaska belongs to large flowers. The heads of this flower reach 14 centimeters in diameter. It reaches a height of one meter. Completely unpretentious in care and resistant to dry weather. Blooms in mid-summer. If you plant it in the fall, then in the summer you can enjoy the wondrous beauty of giant flowers.

The winner - gained its popularity due to its beautiful inflorescence. The height of the color varies from 40 centimeters to one meter. The heads, in turn, have a diameter from 7 to 13 centimeters.

No replanting or removal of the root system is required in the winter; it grows well for four years. Dividing the root system can be done once every four years.

It blooms only in the second year from the moment of planting. Flowering lasts throughout the summer with soft white petals.

The Silver Princess is short, up to 35 centimeters in height. While the diameter of the flowers is quite large, up to 11 centimeters. The flowers are snow-white, large, planted as a front garden. Flowering continues from mid-summer until cold weather.

The maiden variety is of medium size from 45 to 75 centimeters. It blooms for several years, the flowers themselves are yellow and white. Flowering lasts all summer.

There are a large number of types and varieties of chamomile. Due to this, every gardener can choose the most suitable variety for his garden.

Planting flowers in the garden

Chamomile can be grown in the garden in several ways. It is difficult to choose the simplest method, since there are types of chamomile that can only be planted by seedlings. And there are flowers that are planted with seeds in open ground. This should be taken into account when choosing a chamomile variety.

Regardless of the chosen variety, the following criteria must be taken into account when preparing the soil for planting a flower:

you can choose any place convenient for you, but not very humid
the soil must be prepared, loose and fertilized
the soil should not have high acidity; if necessary, it should be reduced
you should take into account the size of the plant; leave a gap between flowers

When planting chamomile seeds, you should remember that this must be done in early spring as soon as the snow has melted or in late autumn.

The main thing is not to forget to cover it with film until the shoots appear. In order for chamomile to take root well, it must be planted in cool weather.

If the seedling method is better to plant garden chamomile in late summer early autumn. Such bushes are divided once every four years. This procedure should be treated with extreme caution so as not to damage the root system of the flower.

In order for chamomile to take root well, it must be planted in cool weather. It is advisable to plant when new shoots appear. Carefully divide the root system into 4-5 shoots.

Flower care

Garden chamomile is easy to care for and is perfect for a novice gardener. After the flowers have grown, it is necessary to monitor the soil moisture, watering as needed. Only need to water when the soil is dry.

Prevent the spread of weeds, loosen the soil to enrich the soil with oxygen.

Compared to other flowers, it is less susceptible to attacks by harmful insects. With the exception of aphids, a solution of soap, dandelion or wood ash is suitable for fighting against an uninvited guest.

Chamomiles have gained wide popularity all over the world for their marvelous beauty. The flower only looks fragile, but at the same time it is quite strong and resistant to weather conditions.

More than one cosmetic company can do without chamomile, adding its extract to many creams and shampoos. Florists create unsurpassed masterpieces of the art of romantic bouquets.

Photo of garden chamomile

Many plants can “dress up” the yard of a private house. A real fairy that can transform a boring place is the perennial garden chamomile. Planting and caring for the plant in open ground is quite simple, and the large white flower heads will create a good mood. In everyday life, these beautiful tall flowers are called daisies because of their color similarity to field chamomile - white petals and a yellow center.

The specific name of the ornamental crop is cornflower, or popovnik. The plant in stores is sometimes called “leucanthemum”, voicing the Latin name of the species: Leucanthemum vulgare.

Description

Nivianik, or perennial garden chamomile, belongs to the Asteraceae, grows up to 15-80 cm. The root is short, with small branches. The stem is slightly faceted, straight, surrounded at the bottom by a rosette of oblong serrated leaves. The oblong stem leaves along the edges are also jagged and bright green. Inflorescences are baskets with yellow central tubular flowers and white false-lingulate marginal ones. The baskets of varietal plants reach from 6 to 12 cm in diameter; the colors of the marginal flowers also vary - from white to yellow. The fruits are small achenes.

All varieties of garden chamomile last a very long time when cut, up to 7-10 days.

Types and varieties

Wild cornflower grows almost everywhere and has up to twenty species. It has been cultivated for a long time, and numerous varieties are distributed in gardens, differing in the shape of the petals, shade and structure of the basket.

Christine Hagemann

The Christine Hageman variety was bred from the largest cornflower, grows up to 1 m. The baskets are large, 8-10 cm in diameter, the color is a classic chamomile combination: white with a yellow center. Blooms from July to mid-August.

Autumn chamomile

The species is also called late cornflower. This impressive flower, up to 1.5-2 m high, is a rare guest in our gardens. The bush is stable, with a crown of lush, large snow-white flowers up to 8-10 cm in diameter. Blooms in August.

Alaska

A variety of long-flowering garden chamomile. The plant is up to 70-80 cm high, the diameter of the inflorescence is 10-12 cm. It blooms in June-July. The marginal petals are beautifully curved.

Russian beauty

Perennial chamomile grows up to 70 cm, the inflorescences are large, semi-double, up to 10 cm. The white petals are dissected at the ends.

Fiona Coghill

The amazing variety Fiona Coghill is distinguished by densely double pompom inflorescences 7-8 cm in diameter with a yellow center barely noticeable behind the cap of the petals. The height of the strong stem of garden chamomile is 70 cm. It blooms in July and August.

Maxima Kenig

Chamomile is tall, from 70 cm to 1 m, with strong peduncles. Baskets are 1–2 rows, 10–12 cm in diameter. Blooms in June-July.

Paladin

Variety Paladin up to 50-60 cm high. The inflorescences are original, 3-4 rows, lush, with a large center. The petals are of the usual shape for a cornflower.

Aglaia

Garden chamomile Aglaya grows up to 60-70 cm. The flowers of this variety have interesting double inflorescences 10 cm in diameter with dissected narrow petals. Pleases with long flowering - from June to the end of August.

Crazy Daisy

The bizarre, randomly twisted wide petals of the perennial Crazy Daisy chamomile with a yellow center create inflorescences 8-10 cm in diameter. The bush grows up to 70 cm, blooms in the second half of summer. Daisies of the varieties Ostrich Feather, Fair and others boast the same twisted but narrow petals.

Little Princess

Perennial daisies of the low-growing variety Little Princess are grown for borders or edging flower beds. The plant, 20 cm high, blooms in July and August, the baskets reach 5-6 cm in diameter. Many flower stalks grow from the root. Another low variety Snegurka has the same inflorescences - up to 30-35 cm in height.

Some elegant varieties - Edelweiss, Wirral Supreme, Victorian Secret, Rings - are distinguished by short and inwardly curled marginal petals, which are located closer to the center. They form a kind of snow-white crown around a yellow center.

In the varieties of garden chamomile Lemon Curly, Gold Finch, Real Dream, Goldrausch, Broadway Lights, the edge petals are colored yellow.

Large baskets will be on chamomile bushes, which are replanted annually.

Reproduction

Garden daisies are propagated by growing from seeds and dividing bushes.

Seeds

There are two methods of sowing: winter (in open ground) and spring (seedlings). Not all varieties are sown before winter.

It should be noted that terry and varietal nivaria will not repeat the characteristics of the mother plant when grown from seeds.

Propagation by spring seedlings is considered more reliable.

In March, a light and loose substrate of sand and peat is laid out in pots and 2-3 chamomile seeds are placed at a depth of 0.5 cm.
Containers covered with film are placed near the window until germination, regularly moistening the soil.
Shoots appear in 10-15 days.

Bright sunlight interferes with the germination of chamomile seeds. Containers with crops cannot be placed on the windowsill.

Niwberry seedlings are carefully looked after.

Seedlings need to be illuminated for at least 14 hours. For this purpose, special phytolamps or fluorescent lamps are used.
Water with moderately settled warm water.
If all the achenes have sprouted, the less developed plant is removed by pinching or cutting off the stem. You cannot pull out a seedling so as not to damage another.
Plants are planted in open ground in May-June, in warm soil.

The seedling is pinched above the 3rd or 4th leaf so that in the future a bush with several shoots will form.

By division

In the third or fourth year of growth, chamomile bushes must be divided and replanted to rejuvenate the plant. Over time, the bushes thicken, and the shoots from the center of the planting die off.

Transplantation in the spring is painful for the plant. The bushes are replanted in September or October, choosing cool, cloudy weather. Fertile soil is poured in place of the dug-out section.

Care

Perennial garden chamomile is quite unpretentious. But you need to choose the right site for the plant - sunny, without close groundwater and with neutral soil. On acidic soils, alkalization is carried out by adding per 1 sq. m 300 g lime or dolomite flour. Before planting, the soil is mixed with humus (a bucket per 1 sq. m), and added to the holes. Plants are planted at a distance of 20-40 cm, depending on the vigor of the bushes. After watering, the soil is mulched to retain moisture.

In addition to regular watering, loosening the soil and removing weeds, caring for garden chamomile includes periodic feeding.

Flower growers recommend dry fertilizing with ammonium nitrate in the spring - without subsequent watering, scattering the fertilizer between the bushes (1 tablespoon per square meter).
If the leaves do not delight with rich greenery, chamomile is supported with urea in the bud phase: 1-2 tablespoons per 10 liters of water.
In spring, a solution of nitrophoska is also used: 35-40 g per bucket of water.
At the beginning of flowering, feed with a solution of potassium sulfate and superphosphate: 20 g per 10 liters.

Flowers will last a long time if you remove the wilted baskets. Before winter, the stems are cut off and the plants are covered with fallen leaves or other mulch.

Diseases and pests

Garden daisies can be affected by fungal diseases.

With fusarium, the roots rot, the stems and leaves turn yellow.
A whitish coating that turns brown over time is a sign of powdery mildew.
Reddish spots on the top of the leaves appear due to rust.
Dead leaf tissue covered with gray fluff occurs with gray rot.

Diseased plants are removed, and all plantings are treated with fungicides (Oxyhom, Topaz, Fundazol are suitable).

Fresh greenery of perennial daisies is attacked by thrips and aphids. If colonies of pests are noticed, they are treated with insectoacaricides: “Aktellik”, “Agravertin”, “Karbofos”.

Designers' Choice

The unsurpassedly beautiful garden chamomile easily forms magnificent combinations with other flowers.

Snow-white luxurious bouquets of cornflowers look harmonious with bright poppies, bells, cornflowers, phlox, daylilies, carnations, etc.
Chamomiles create sophisticated compositions with pinnacle and other tall ornamental grasses.
Nivyaniks are planted on borders, in corners that recreate the Russian rural landscape.

Unpretentious plants will decorate a sunny area of the garden. Rest near a curtain of cheerful flowers will be complete, but they require so much care.

Chamomile is difficult to confuse with other ornamental flowering plants. There are many varieties with fancy, chic forms of inflorescences, but the harmonious combination of yellow and white flowers in her outfit always remains unchanged. Therefore, daisies in the country will perfectly complement any landscape, making it more impressive and harmonious.

This article will talk about how to plant perennial daisies in your summer cottage, how to properly care for them for abundant and beautiful flowering, and fight pests and diseases.

Large perennial garden chamomile

The large garden chamomile, which is so idolized by flower growers, also has another name - the greatest popovnik. Representing a perennial from the Asteraceae (Asteraceae) family, this crop has the following botanical description:

Large perennial garden chamomile

The stem is erect, faceted, depending on the variety, it can have a height from 15 to 70 cm;
The leaf is spatulate and oblong, unevenly toothed along the edges of the leaf blade. The leaves in the upper part of the stem are relatively small in size, the lower ones are larger, collected in a basal rosette.
Color - the inflorescence is a basket with a diameter of 2.5 to 12 cm, the middle of which consists of small tubular yellow flowers, along the edge there are long false-ligulate white flowers.

Important! Often in meadows and fields there is a pharmaceutical type of chamomile, which is considered a valuable medicinal plant. Unlike garden chamomile, this type of chamomile has white marginal flowers 2.5-3 mm wide that are bent downwards, and the broken core and stem are hollow.

The fruit is small, slightly bent cylindrical achenes, up to 2 mm in size.
The root is a tap root, slightly branched, growing shallow in the ground.

Seeds

You can make the planting material yourself, but you will have to work hard for this: after full ripening (the basket and stem become brown), the inflorescences are cut off, the seeds are selected and dried well. But it is not enough to collect the seeds; they should be stored correctly: paper bags and bags made of loose material are best suited for these purposes. The main thing during storage is to provide access to air; without it, the seed material may lose germination.

Many amateur flower growers do it simpler: they buy ready-made chamomile seeds in a store, where they can quickly and easily choose any popular variety or purchase new varieties of modern selection.

Chamomile seeds

Landing location

Preparations for planting begin with choosing the most suitable place for growing chamomile on the site. The plant prefers to grow in open places where there is a lot of light and sun. The groundwater table must be deep enough, since the accumulation of water after melting snow and heavy rains can cause the soil to become waterlogged, the rhizome will rot, and the plant will die in early spring.

Priming

In the area where they plan to grow chamomile, the soil should be slightly alkaline or neutral. If the soil acidity is high enough, dolomite flour and lime are added to the soil.

How to plant large garden chamomile

When it has been decided where in the dacha the chamomile will show off, they begin to plant it. The most favorable time for sowing seeds is the end of May. The top layer of soil is slightly loosened, since the seeds are very small, then shallow rows are made under them, no more than 2 cm, the soil is slightly moistened. The seeds should not be covered heavily with soil; they should only be lightly pressed down, then sprinkled with a thin layer of soil.

In order for adult plants to feel free (usually a bush grows in one place for 3-4 years) and not shade each other, the distance between adjacent rows when sowing is made at least 30-40 cm.

You can plant chamomile seeds in open ground in the fall. At the end of August, you should collect seeds from the varieties you like, then sow them on a previously prepared site. The plant blooms only in the second year.

Note! If you plan to prepare seedlings for planting in open ground, then the seeds are sown in specially prepared containers (containers, pots, boxes) already in early March.

Caring for daisies in the garden

What does a gardener need to know and do and how to properly care for daisies in the garden?

Not only newly planted seedlings, but also early seedlings in open ground need frequent watering. Initially, the young plant is watered very often, but when the root system takes root well and becomes stronger, it is watered less frequently, 2 times a week. After watering, constantly loosen the top layer of fertile soil, do not forget about weeding and removing weeds. Several times a season, the soil near the plant is mulched with a thin layer of peat, 2-3 cm thick.

Top dressing

Like any plant, throughout the growing season chamomile needs constant feeding, for which both complex mineral fertilizers and organic matter are used. At the beginning of summer, when the plant is in the budding stage and will soon bloom, it is fed with nitrophoska at the rate of 2 tbsp. spoons per 10 liters of water. As soon as flowering is completed, proceed to the next feeding using superphosphate or potassium sulfate in a proportion of 1 tbsp. spoon per 10 liters of water.

For abundant flowering, organic matter is often added: compost, well-rotted manure, peat.

Important! Growing and caring for large garden chamomile without the use of fertilizer will lead to its weak, not abundant and short-lived flowering, poor overwintering, and reduced resistance to damage to leaves and roots by pests and diseases.

Trimming

Chamomile is a flower that can bloom for a very long time from June to September, but autumn comes and winter is just around the corner. The plant begins to gradually fade and dry out. Flower growers often have a question when daisies have faded, what to do next with them. In this situation, experts advise carefully cutting all the stems at a distance of 10-15 cm from the ground with garden shears and removing the cut mass away from the planting crop.

When and how to replant daisies

How and when to replant large daisies is recommended by experienced flower growers.

If it is spring, then it is impossible to clearly indicate the timing of planting seedlings in open ground, since everything depends on the weather. Seedlings need to not only be grown strong, but also protected from cold and frost. When the seedlings have grown sufficiently and 4-5 true leaves have blossomed, they can be planted in open ground provided that the air temperature is + 15 °C or more.

Before planting chamomile seedlings in open ground, the soil is well dug up and fertilized with special preparations for flowering garden plants. After which the bushes need to be planted in groups of 2-3, at a distance of 30-40 cm.

Very often a situation arises where you need to quickly decide where and when it is best to plant perennial adult daisies. This happens when a plant is forced to be transplanted from a flower bed near the house due to construction work or the flower bed is moved to another place. Thanks to the peculiarities of the culture, the way out of this situation is quite simple - this flower is unpretentious and hardy, painlessly takes root in another place. Carefully enough, so as not to damage the roots, dig up the flowering plant with a lump of earth and move it to a new place, then water it generously.

How to propagate garden chamomile

To propagate chamomile, they resort to simple traditional methods:

seed (growing seedlings from seeds);
vegetative (dividing the bush).

You can sow seeds both in spring and autumn directly in open ground, shoots will appear, but it is safer to grow seedlings. In March, the seeds are sown in a special soil mixture of peat, garden soil, sand (1:1:1). To avoid washing the seeds out of the soil, water them carefully, then, to create a greenhouse effect, cover the container with film and place it in a dark, warm place. To avoid drying out the soil, it is constantly sprayed with water. As soon as the first shoots appear (usually this happens after 10-12 days), the film is removed and the boxes are transferred to a sunny place.

Chamomile can also reproduce by dividing the bush. Despite the ability of chamomile to grow in the same place for several years, it should be renewed periodically (every 4-5 years). New planting material is being prepared in September. An adult bush is completely dug out of the ground, after which younger root shoots are selected from it for planting.

Diseases and pests

If a flowering crop is not cared for as it should be, it quickly weakens and becomes most vulnerable to various dangerous infections and pests.

Large garden chamomile can be susceptible to the following diseases:

rust - convex bright red spots appear on the leaves;
gray rot, powdery mildew - leaves and stems become covered with a white, dark gray coating;
Fusarium - causes damage to the root system of the plant.

If treatment is not started on time, the plant may simply die.

The disease can be cured quickly if you resort to the use of fungicides such as:

"Oxyhom"
"Topaz",
"Diskor"
Bordeaux mixture,
copper oxychloride.

The most dangerous pests of chamomile are aphids and star-winged flies., wireworm, slugs.

Important! Among pests, wireworms cause significant damage. By gnawing small roots, it weakens or leads to the death of the plant. To combat it, it is better to plant chamomile on soils with an environmental reaction close to neutral. The pest is practically not found in such soil.

For spraying against pests, insecticides such as Iskra, Imidor, and Fitoverm are used.

On a note. If your favorite flower needs to be saved urgently, plain soapy water is often used. To do this, take a spoonful of liquid soap for 0.5 liters of warm water, add 1/2 cup of vegetable oil, then mix everything thoroughly. The prepared composition is sprayed on flowers for several days.

Growing chamomile in a pot

The article provides examples of how to plant and grow perennial daisies in a personal plot. But it turns out that daisies in a pot can also decorate your home interior. This is not a giant bush, but a low-growing and compact nevus (another name is pyrethrum), only 10-20 cm high. To grow a flower, a well-lit windowsill and a small and spacious pot are enough. Nutrient soil for growing pyrethrum can be purchased at the store. It blooms for quite a long time; after pruning, it is placed in a bright but cool room and watering is limited. In February, it is again transferred to a warm place, but they begin to water it abundantly only when the first buds appear in the rosette.

For propagation, it is better to choose a double variety of garden chamomile, since the flowers are larger and more beautiful, there are always many buds, and re-blooming is possible at the end of summer.
Despite its frost resistance and hardiness, the flower can freeze in a winter with little snow, so it is sprinkled with a thick layer of peat, straw, and covered with spruce branches.
Chamomile gets along well with any ornamental plant: with the beautiful lily and rose, field poppy and cornflower.
In the search engine results for the query “garden chamomile, large perennial planting and care,” sometimes there are articles devoted to chamomile, which is a related, but still completely different medicinal wild plant. The technology of its cultivation and use differs from decorative chamomile. Therefore, you should carefully read the text of the article to determine what type of chamomile (decorative or medicinal) we are talking about.

Garden chamomile is considered not only an adornment to any landscape design, but in many ways it brings love and good luck to the house, where household members begin to live in peace and harmony. Combining well in height and size with other flower crops, it fits harmoniously into any flower garden, giving it a unique and eye-catching appearance.

– a very beautiful flower that will decorate for many years. It is unpretentious and does not require complex care. However, you should not neglect the following guidelines, since insufficient or irregular care can lead to dire consequences.

First of all, when caring for a large garden chamomile, you need to take into account three “golden” rules:

avoid overwatering;
prevent the expansion of weeds;
Don’t forget to loosen the soil regularly.

Nevertheless, in plant care there are a number of special cases related to reproduction, preparation for winter “rest” and the prevention of fungal infections. What does a gardener who grows or decides to grow a large garden chamomile need to know in order for the plant to feel comfortable?

Morphological description

Large (giant) garden chamomile is a perennial herbaceous bush plant belonging to the Asteraceae (Asteraceae) family. Its peculiarity is large inflorescences, mainly with snow-white petals and a yellow core.

Often a large garden chamomile is called nevus. From a botanical point of view, this name is incorrect: daisy belongs to the same family, however, chamomile flowers are slightly smaller, and the leaves are thinner and more delicate, not whole.

Garden chamomile is a branched plant with many inflorescences on one bush. The buds are large, dense, pronounced. The stem is elastic and strong. A healthy plant can bloom all summer. In many cases, the morphology of garden chamomile is associated with belonging to one or another variety.

Popular types and varieties of large garden chamomile.

A giant of his own the stem reaches 90 cm in height, and the diameter of the opened bud is more than 15 cm. Frost-resistant, easily tolerates drought. But for the most spectacular flowering, regular watering is necessary.

In addition to its aesthetic qualities, cornflower is known for its healing qualities. Most often used for cutting. Belongs to this variety Terry chamomile- characterized by an abundance of petals filling the core. Terry chamomile is practically not inferior to the largest variety - cornflower, reaching 70 cm in height.

North Star

A favorite of gardeners, it is distinguished by its resistance to drought, its size (stem length is 60-70 cm) and the shining whiteness of its inflorescences. It is not recommended to plant seedlings in shady corners of the garden. Planting seedlings is possible in spring or autumn, however, flowering occurs only in the second year.

Princess

Sun-loving perennial with lush white inflorescences. It reaches a height of no more than 35 cm with a diameter of the opened bud up to 10 cm. Unlike the Northern Star, the Princess prefers moist soil. The flowering period is the longest: from July to mid-October.

Alaska

Large-flowered plant reaching 90 cm in height. The diameter of the inflorescence is up to 12 cm. It is planted, as a rule, in the fall and will delight you with flowering the following summer. The variety is unpretentious, tolerates drought and, like its “botanical brothers,” loves sunlight.

Colored varieties

Thanks to the experiments of breeders, there are more than 100 colorful species, among which the most popular are:

Pyrethrum rosea or Persian chamomile has a lot of varieties, differing in the richness of the color of the petals. It is often grown for cutting, harmonizing in a bouquet with other field plants. For Persian chamomile, both a lack and an excess of moisture are detrimental. Feels comfortable in the shade. The flowering period lasts all summer.
Red pyrethrum looks like pink, which often leads to confusion. Its peculiarity is its large bright red inflorescences, which is why it is sometimes called meat-red pyrethrum.
Yellow doronicum– characterized by the bright yellow color of the petals. Flowering occurs early - in the second half of March. During this period, the plant reaches 70 cm in height. Yellow doronicum multiplies quickly, without requiring specific care. Tolerates frosts. It is unpretentious to lighting and blooms longer in shady corners of the garden.
Separately, it is worth mentioning the blue chamomile, which is distinguished by the dark blue color of the inflorescences. This is an annual plant reaching 60 cm in height. It is best known for its use in medicine and cosmetology for the preparation of essential oil.
(or orange petal) is a perennial herbaceous plant with narrow bright orange petals. Sun-loving variety, grows quickly. Used to decorate flower beds, less often for cutting.

Photo gallery: variety of colors of colored chamomile

Growing on site

There are several ways to grow garden chamomile. Which method to choose depends on what time of year the planting takes place.

Seedling growing method

a depression of up to 30 cm is made in the ground;
Fertilizer is placed in the hole: compost or organomineral mixture;
There is no need to remove old soil from the roots to avoid damage;
The soil must be irrigated after planting.

Flowering should begin next year, but much depends on the characteristics of the variety.

Dividing the bush

It is better to plant by dividing the bush in the first half of autumn once every 2-3 years. Planting a flower is necessary for more spectacular flowering, which fades as the bush grows.

the rhizome is divided into parts with several growth points;
the planting site should be slightly larger in size than the rhizome of the plant being planted;
It is advisable to pre-fertilize the hole and straighten the root;
After planting, the soil is compacted and watered.

Flowering occurs the following year.

If chamomile is grown for cutting and to form bouquets, the most suitable growing method is division.

Growing from seeds

Tips for growing large chamomile with seeds:

To collect seeds, you need to wait until the flower stalks ripen (the petals should dry out and the baskets should turn brown).
Cut and dry the inflorescences.
Dry the seeds and remove debris from them.
It is recommended to store seeds in a paper bag with an air hole.

Sowing period is autumn and spring.

Sow chamomile as follows:

seeds are sown to a depth of no more than 2 cm;
distance between rows – 20 cm;
It is recommended to mulch the beds.

How to plant a large garden chamomile in the garden?

Preparing the soil and choosing a planting site:

When and how to plant?

Sowing of seeds takes place at the end of May - end of July.
To grow seedlings, seeds are sown in March in specially prepared pots with drainage (or ordinary plastic cups, but we must not forget to make a hole from the bottom).
Planting by dividing the rhizome is carried out in September - early October.
Seedlings are planted in May.

When is the best time to replant garden chamomile?

The plant takes root well, but for more spectacular flowering, when replanting, add mineral fertilizers or compost to the hole.

Caring for large garden chamomile

Watering and fertilizing

The plant needs regular, but not excessive watering. We must not forget to mulch or drain the soil. Both organic and mineral are suitable.

Mandatory feeding:

nitrophoska– 2 tbsp. l. fertilizers/10 liters of water (composition for May feeding);
superphosphate or potassium sulfate - 1 tbsp. l/10 l of water.

Care after flowering and preparation for winter

After flowering ends, the plant also requires watering and loosening of the root soil. We must not forget to destroy the weed. With the end of flowering, new leaves appear in place of dead leaves, so the plant requires regular fertilization. Well suited for this: fresh mullein or an infusion of bird droppings.

As a rule, large garden chamomile can withstand frost in open ground, but it is better not to risk it and cover the garden bed with leaves before the snow falls.

Bush pruning and rejuvenation

To strengthen the rhizome and form new growth, it is not recommended to leave the stems standing - they must be cut off. After the chamomile has bloomed, the entire above-ground part of the plant is cut down to 10-15 cm from the ground.

Rejuvenation of a bush is pruning of part of the root system, performed 5 years after planting, and then repeated after 3 years.

How is rejuvenation performed:

the rhizome is divided in half, one part of the root system is removed;
In place of the removed part of the rhizome, compost and new fertile soil are laid.

During subsequent rejuvenation, the older part of the rhizome is removed.

Diseases and pests

If not properly cared for, large garden chamomile is susceptible to fungal infections:

They are used to prevent infections. In case of severe damage, it is better to remove the plant.

Timely weeding and loosening of the soil, as well as preventive treatment with insecticides, will help reduce the risk of pest damage.

Large garden chamomile in landscape design

The large garden chamomile is famous in floristry and serves as a flower bed, where it combines well with other garden flowers. Goes well with unpretentious wildflowers such as poppies, cornflowers, .

Nivyanik goes well in one composition with flowers such as. In addition, the plant feels comfortable on the Moorish lawn. Low-growing varieties decorate borders. Sometimes I grow garden chamomile in decorative flowerpots on terraces.

The success of this plant in modern landscape design lies in the duration of flowering and friendliness in relation to other garden plants, with which they form group plantings.