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Types of greenhouses. Choosing a greenhouse made of cellular polycarbonate: types of structures, frame, pros and cons, photos

There is a wide variety of closed ground structures available on the modern market. Thanks to this, every owner of a personal plot will be able to build a greenhouse with his own hands for growing vegetables, herbs, flowers or even mushrooms.

To choose the right greenhouse design, you need to know what features each type has and what criteria it must meet. You will find all the necessary information about the types and forms of such buildings in this article.

All main types of greenhouses and their designs

There are a large number of greenhouses of different types and shapes. To make the right choice, you must first decide for what purposes you need the room, whether you are going to use it in winter, what size will be optimal for you personally, and, finally, how automated it will be.

The author of the video talks about several types of buildings that you can build with your own hands on the site.

Single-pitch

Ideal for areas with a small area, therefore they are rightfully included in the list of premises with high efficiency (Figure 1). Working in a building with a pitched roof is quite comfortable.


Figure 1. Types of lean-to buildings

It can be attached to any side of the house, although it is still preferable for the roof slope to be directed to the south. Among the disadvantages are the difficulties when covering the roof with film: this should only be done in dry, windless weather, otherwise you will not be able to tension it properly, and soon it will sag. It is easier to cover a pitched roof with glass or plastic.

Gable

These are the “houses” that are familiar to us, which you can easily build with your own hands. This construction has a number of advantages. Firstly, it will not break under the weight of snow in winter. Secondly, the shape of the roof allows for a wider choice of materials for covering it - from glass to plastic bottles. Thirdly, there is the possibility of additional stylization (Figure 2).


Figure 2. Photo and drawing of a gable greenhouse

However, the gable design has its drawbacks. Since it is assembled using a large number of fastening materials, you will have to regularly check the frame for tightness and integrity of the anti-corrosion coating. It will not be possible to lengthen or expand such a room if necessary. In addition, it should be noted that due to the massiveness of the roof, you must take care of a reliable foundation.

Arched

Since arched buildings have a smaller reflective surface, more sunlight enters them than, for example, gable buildings (Figure 3). In addition, the design features allow crops to grow to a greater height than in conventional buildings. However, caring for plants growing near walls is significantly more complicated.

Note: The arched type is not suitable for growing seedlings for open ground, since the structure of the structure does not make it possible to harden the plants. It is easy to assemble, dismantle and transport. If necessary, you can easily add new sections to lengthen it.

Figure 3. Types of arched rooms

However, in winter, sagging and breaking of the roof often occur, since snow does not have the opportunity to freely roll off its surface. In areas with strong winds, there is a risk of building demolition due to insufficient strength of the frame to the foundation.

teardrop-shaped

Among the types, drip structures stand out. They have an original shape, and the buildings themselves have many advantages (Figure 4).


Figure 4. External view of the teardrop-shaped building

So, thanks to the pointed roof, snow does not accumulate on it, which increases reliability to the maximum. For the same reason, the soil warms up more effectively in the spring.

Drop-shaped buildings are an ideal option for central Russia and the northern regions of the country, characterized by snowy winters. After all, the roof can withstand up to 70 kg of snow per 1 sq.m. In addition, sunlight can easily penetrate into any corner of this structure. The only drawback of the teardrop-shaped structure is the difficulty in its construction.

Polygonal

It is quite rare to find buildings with a polygonal design (Figure 5). Although they are quite practical, since each of the faces is illuminated by the sun at different times of the day, maintaining a stable temperature inside it is quite problematic.


Figure 5. Features of polygonal greenhouses

In addition, they are among the most expensive, since they are constructed from wood (metal) in combination with glass (polycarbonate).

The Dutch type of room allows plants to receive the maximum amount of sunlight, because its covering is a special glass of a homogeneous structure (Figure 6). This design will not allow excess moisture to get inside during rainfall, since it is equipped with a special aluminum gutter that collects and drains rainwater. As you know, the drip effect is extremely undesirable for plants, especially flowers. In addition, the gutter design includes seals for glass and a drain for condensate. The entire drainage system is mounted on the roof ridge, making it resistant to strong winds.


Figure 6. External features of the Dutch greenhouse

Single glazing is complemented by a vertical shading system, which is a special screen with a trigger mechanism. Screens of this type are located around the entire perimeter. They allow you to regulate the level of sunlight penetration inside. In addition, they are assigned the role of additional heaters.

The heating is arranged in such a way that the temperature in different parts of the room differs only slightly. The building can be connected to stationary heating sources, such as a boiler room. The irrigation system is fully automated, which allows you to maintain a constant microclimate inside.

The difference between greenhouses and greenhouses

Many summer residents ask the question: what is the difference between greenhouses and greenhouses? Indeed, these structures are very similar to each other, but have a number of distinctive features (Figure 7).


Figure 7. External differences between greenhouses (left) and greenhouses (right)

So, greenhouses include low structures (no more than 1.3 m), in which artificial heating is never used. They are heated by the sun's rays and by the energy that is released during the decomposition of manure or humus embedded in the base of the greenhouse. Greenhouses do not have doors, therefore, in order to care for the plants, it is enough to remove (open) its upper (side) part.

Note: Most often, greenhouses are used for growing seedlings; they are not suitable for adult plants. It is in the greenhouse that seedlings can wait out the spring cold before planting in open ground.

Unlike a greenhouse, a greenhouse is a closed ground structure. Its height at home is most often up to 2.5 m. Heating, as a rule, occurs naturally, that is, from sunlight, although artificial heating can also be used. In a heated room you can grow seedlings all year round. In this case, the air and soil should be heated separately, in contrast to a greenhouse, where heated soil helps to heat the air under the film.

Greenhouses by type of purpose

Depending on the purpose, greenhouses are: vegetable, seedling, flower. Let's take a closer look at their features.

Vegetables

Buildings in which various types of vegetables are grown all year round are called vegetable buildings. Their products are more environmentally friendly than those from open ground. This is due to the fact that vegetables are protected not only from adverse weather conditions, but also from various contaminants, both natural and chemical.


Figure 8. What a vegetable building looks like inside

When growing vegetables indoors, it is important to correctly combine different crops. Therefore, if you have only one building at your disposal, you will have to stop at growing only a few crops. Growing the following vegetables is considered the most profitable: tomatoes and sweet peppers, cucumbers, Chinese cabbage, radishes.

When arranging a building for growing vegetables, some organizational conditions should be taken into account(Figure 8):

  • The material for the floors must be reliable and the design well thought out;
  • It is necessary to have vents for ventilation;
  • Possibility to shade some types of plants;
  • Well-thought-out irrigation system, separately for each crop;
  • Creation of an optimal microclimate;
  • Heating of the premises all year round (for central Russia).

Seedlings

To obtain seedlings, special seedling greenhouses are used (Figure 9). They must be equipped with special equipment to regulate air and soil temperatures. They must comply with phytosanitary conditions, and also carry out preventive, thermal and chemical treatments of the soil and building surfaces to prevent the introduction of infections.


Figure 9. Features of the seedling design

As a rule, seedlings are grown in ground buildings or in structures with sliding racks. It is strictly forbidden to grow forced green crops in them, since various pests and diseases are introduced with them from open ground. It is better to use such a structure after selecting seedlings for growing green crops by sowing seeds of lettuce, radish, dill, and celery.

Floral

Some flowers are very sensitive to even the slightest fluctuations in environmental temperature and humidity, so growing them in open ground is extremely difficult. For such purposes, a flower greenhouse is being built (Figure 10).


Figure 10. Arrangement of a flower greenhouse inside

You can build it yourself or buy a ready-made one. It is only important to choose the right model. Modern models come in a wide variety of designs: arched and wall-mounted, hipped and gable. Today, the most reliable structures for growing flowers are:

  • Greenhouses covered with polyethylene;
  • Heated film buildings;
  • Modern polycarbonate models;
  • Greenhouses.

Film tunnels are used for flowers that grow slowly and are sensitive to low temperatures. They make it much easier and faster to regulate ventilation and lighting. Under the film, Mediterranean bulbous plants will feel at home in dry, hot summers and mild winters.

Polycarbonate greenhouses are more comfortable and last longer, and flower greenhouses make it possible to cultivate plants without separate heating, since they maintain temperature well. It will be better if the greenhouse is a lean-to structure adjacent to the house on the south side. As a rule, greenhouses are heated using water or steam systems, as well as various electrical appliances.

When planning the construction of a building for growing flowers, a number of factors should be taken into account:

  1. To achieve unhindered penetration of sunlight inside, the building must be located in a southerly direction.
  2. To protect a building from the wind, it is better to locate it close to buildings, fences and other objects that do not shade but protect it.
  3. Lowlands are not the best place to build.
  4. It is advantageous to locate the structure close to water and energy supply lines.
  5. The construction of the building should be carried out in the summer to eliminate the possibility of deformation due to shrinkage.

A well-designed lighting system promotes faster flowering and saves energy.

Greenhouses by type of operation

Depending on the time and method of operation, greenhouses are divided into winter and summer. Let's consider their distinctive features, which determine the entire process of construction and internal arrangement.

Winter

Winter structures are tempting because they make it possible to grow not only the usual vegetables, flowers and some types of mushrooms, but also exotic types of fruits all year round. Capital (winter) buildings must be built on a foundation (Figure 11).

All winter buildings of this type are heated: by solar energy, technical means, and biofuel. They can be either buried in the ground or built on its surface. Their design is varied: from single-pitched to arched.


Figure 11. Construction of a winter greenhouse

Winter buildings can be built from wood or brick, on a metal or PVC frame. They are glazed or covered with polycarbonate, less often with film. However, combined designs are most common.

And yet, for any type of winter buildings it is extremely important to choose the right place for their location. It must meet the following requirements:

  • To ensure maximum penetration of sunlight, it is necessary that the building be oriented along its length in the direction from west to east.
  • Well-designed wind protection, especially in areas with frequent gusty cold winds, will significantly save heating costs. If there is no protected place on the site, it is necessary to build a fence in the form of a fence or hedge about 2 m high. In this case, the distance from the room to the fence must be equal to at least 3 times the height of the building.
  • Free and convenient access to the building will greatly facilitate its operation.

From the video you will learn more information about the features of winter greenhouses.

Summer

Summer greenhouses are operated in the warm season, that is, from spring to autumn. As a rule, they are used for growing seedlings or crops that require special care conditions.

They are heated naturally: from sunlight. Sometimes, during a sharp cold snap, artificial heating may be used in them. In addition, they often use so-called biofuel: compost, manure, humus.


Figure 12. External characteristics of a summer greenhouse

Most often they are covered with a film, which makes them more cost-effective than winter ones (Figure 12).

Drawings for greenhouses and greenhouses

Self-construction of such a building is not an easy task. Here it is important not only to have construction skills, but also to have a competent design for the future structure. Below are drawings of buildings, the designs of which have been verified by many years of experience in growing plants (Figure 13).


Figure 13. Drawings of popular types of greenhouses

It is also important to choose the right type of polycarbonate for covering and materials for constructing the frame, since the service life of the building will depend on their strength.

Types of polycarbonate greenhouses and their designs

Polycarbonate is a material that combines the advantages of glass and film. It is much superior to them in strength, conducts light well and retains heat, and also blocks harmful sun rays. Due to its flexibility, it can be used in the manufacture of coatings for structures of any shape. Cellular polycarbonate is used to cover closed ground structures (Figure 14).

There are different types of polycarbonate buildings depending on their design. The most common are arched structures. They are easy to assemble, affordable, and require minimal installation time.

Tent gardens will be in demand for growing a wide range of vegetables. For a gable tent structure, you will need durable materials, and much more of them will be used than for the construction of an arched one.


Figure 14. Popular types of polycarbonate structures

The lean-to tent model is much cheaper because it is not an independent structure, but is adjacent to one of the walls of the building.

Greenhouses according to Mittleider are very interesting. They are slightly higher on the north side than on the south side, and their northern slope is steeper. Therefore, the sides do not meet at the level of the ridge, but create a kind of step, along which a unique ventilation system is located.

Polycarbonate is ideal for covering polygonal structures because it can be molded into any desired shape. Polygonal buildings made of polycarbonate are stable and have an attractive appearance. Their useful area is much larger than ordinary ones, and the coating protects plants from overheating in the hot season.

Weather conditions do not always allow for growing vegetables and flowers in open ground. Greenhouses and greenhouses are used for growing seedlings or for the full period of plant growth and fruit ripening.

  1. They have a small height - no more than one and a half meters.
  2. Lack of doors. The ability to access plants depends on the design of the greenhouse.
  3. Greenhouses often have artificial heating and lighting. The greenhouses are heated only by solar energy and compost.
  4. Unlike greenhouses, greenhouses are not only stationary, but also portable.
  5. Greenhouses that are simple in design are installed for the period of growing crops.
  6. Greenhouses are not suitable for growing plants in winter. For these purposes, permanent greenhouses are built, which are equipped with lighting and heating.

Only experienced gardeners understand such subtleties. It really doesn’t matter what you call a protective device used for growing seedlings or heat-loving plants. Some designs on sale have a double name - greenhouse.

Types of greenhouses and greenhouses

Many people first buy and install a greenhouse, and then think about its advantages and disadvantages. When choosing a design, have clear answers to the following questions:

  • what crops are you going to grow;
  • greenhouse location;
  • possibility of connecting a power supply point for a lighting device;
  • heating method;
  • how much are you willing to spend on the purchase and installation of the structure.

Structures for protecting soil and plants differ in location, design, frame material, type of coating and internal structure.

1. According to the method of location, greenhouses are divided into adjoining ones, which are attached to a standing building, and free-standing ones. Adjacent structures are often called wall structures.

Advantages of attached greenhouses:

  • construction requires less costs than free-standing ones;
  • there are no problems when supplying electricity and water;
  • the possibility of creating an exit to the greenhouse from the house.

The disadvantages include the fact that it is not always possible to install a greenhouse on the south side of the building and the need to create additional wall insulation from high humidity.

Advantages of free-standing greenhouses:

  • possibility of choosing shape and design;
  • optimal choice of installation location;
  • access of light from all sides.

The disadvantages include the difficulty of establishing communications.

2. According to the method of construction, greenhouses are either permanent or temporary. Capital types of greenhouses are installed on a foundation. The foundation is laid around the perimeter of the greenhouse to the depth of soil freezing. From the outside, the foundation is insulated with expanded clay or other heat-insulating material.

Temporary or portable greenhouses are convenient because they can be installed in another location if you decide to change something on your site.

3. According to the height of the soil, there are two types of greenhouses - buried and above ground.

To construct buried greenhouses, a hole is dug, the bottom is covered with soil, and the top is covered with film. In such greenhouses it is possible to grow early seedlings due to the fact that the soil freezes less than with the usual, ground-based method of arranging greenhouses. Mini-greenhouses are convenient for protecting plants in open ground.

4. According to the type of construction, greenhouses and greenhouses are divided into arched, polygonal, lean-to and gable. The single-pitch structure is used mainly in the construction of wall structures. Gable and arched structures are convenient, in which you can move at full height and plant plants in 2-3 rows.

5. Heating in greenhouses is possible in several types - electric, biological, water. The simplest and cheapest heating method is a bucket of smoldering coals. When choosing a heating method, you should consider what material the roof of the structure is made of.

6. Plants are grown in the ground or in pots or boxes on shelves. Shelving is convenient for low-growing plants.

7. Plant nutrition can be soil or hydroponic. With the hydroponic method, plants are grown in aqueous solutions of substances necessary for crop growth. This method is not widespread among gardeners; it is used mainly when growing vegetables for sale and is not suitable for flowers.

What materials are used to make the frame?

Wood, plastic and profile pipes, metal, fiberglass are used for the frame.


Covering for greenhouses and greenhouses

The choice of covering depends on the frame of the greenhouse.

  1. Glass is used in wooden structures. It is used in permanent buildings or fixed in frames from which a greenhouse is subsequently assembled. It is possible to use old window frames to build a greenhouse. Due to the complexity of installation and the fragility of the material, glass is becoming less and less popular as a coating material.
  2. Greenhouse film, regular or reinforced, is used to cover all types of structures and is the cheapest material. The disadvantage of the film is its short service life.
  3. The most durable coating is cellular polycarbonate. Polycarbonate is not recommended for use with PVC pipe frames. The incompatibility of the two types of plastic reduces the service life of the greenhouse to 3 years. A suitable frame option is made of galvanized profile or galvanized profile pipe.

Types of polycarbonate greenhouses

Polycarbonate greenhouses have a number of advantages.

  1. Easy to install.
  2. High strength.
  3. Light weight.
  4. Provide good light transmission.
  5. They have high thermal insulation characteristics.

The disadvantage is the high cost. Building a greenhouse with your own hands will cost you less than buying a ready-made one.

Greenhouses differ in shape, design, number and arrangement of hatches.

Butterfly greenhouse. The design allows for maximum light access to plants in sunny weather.

Greenhouse-breadbox (snail) has a very convenient design.

Belgian greenhouse with a pitched roof. The roof can be raised for ventilation or folded back completely.

What to consider when installing greenhouses and greenhouses

  1. Choosing a location. The greenhouse is installed with its ends from north to south at the site of maximum illumination of the site.
  2. Do not assemble a plastic-lined greenhouse in cold temperatures. The optimal temperature for installation is 10-12º above zero.
  3. When using a polycarbonate covering, choose an arched type of greenhouse design. This type of construction will protect the coating from damage during the winter.
  4. Buy high-quality polycarbonate with a thickness of at least 4 mm. In appearance, the plastic sheet should be transparent without any inclusions.
  5. For installation, use fittings designed for installing polycarbonate - thermal washers, press washers, sealing tapes, end edging profiles, glazing bead seals for sealing.
  6. Install partitions in greenhouses where you plan to grow various crops. This will help avoid cross-pollination of plants.

Greenhouse made of fiberglass reinforcement.

Building a greenhouse with your own hands.

Each owner of a private house has a personal plot that is suitable for growing vegetables. Some of them do not like direct sunlight and dry soil. There are also different requirements for their watering. When using the open method, it is not always possible to create all the conditions necessary for growing these crops. An alternative and very convenient option for this is a greenhouse in a country house or garden plot.

While engaged in farming, we gradually came to such a convenient method as growing vegetables and berries in a greenhouse. It allows us to create the microclimate our capricious plants need in an enclosed space.

Greenhouse designs allow us to protect our cherished crops from both scorching heat and severe frosts. In a closed room, certain conditions are created in which it is easy to maintain the same state for a long time.

There are many types of greenhouses that you can use. They differ in appearance, operating principles, sizes and building materials from which they are constructed. Also, the greenhouses that we build ourselves can have a variety of shapes.

The main forms of greenhouse structures:

  • Hemisphere;
  • Pyramid;
  • Oval shape;
  • Rectangular;
  • Flat;
  • Trapezoidal shape.

The oval shape is considered the most common because it is the easiest to manufacture.

Making a greenhouse: optimal do-it-yourself design

The production of a greenhouse can be very diverse. You can purchase ready-made greenhouse parts in a store and assemble it yourself at home, or you can look for unnecessary building materials on your site and build a greenhouse structure. You can use whatever is at hand: boards, glass, old furniture, film, plastic bottles, boxes. Having selected the necessary material, we draw a drawing and carry out the construction. A homemade greenhouse is not as correct, but it is cheaper.

Greenhouses, the optimal design of which is made by hand, are the best. They are often talked about in television programs about agriculture and vegetable growing. There is also a lot of information about them in magazines and other periodicals.

There is no need to spend a lot of money on purchasing the necessary building materials for such greenhouses. There are always a lot of different items in summer cottages and garden plots. Look around, think, and you will definitely find almost all the materials necessary for the construction of this structure.

The building material for constructing a greenhouse with your own hands can be:

  • Wooden plank;
  • Reinforcement rod;
  • Not a thin hazel;
  • PVC pipes;
  • Steel corner;
  • Large mesh.
  • Old window frame;
  • Glass cloth;
  • Polycarbonate sheets;
  • Dense greenhouse film.

When building such a greenhouse, you first need to make a frame of the desired shape and cover it with covering material.

The structure of a greenhouse: its difference from a greenhouse

Unlike its brother, the greenhouse, a proper greenhouse is a different structure. It is more expensive and durable. The construction of a greenhouse requires a more thorough and balanced approach. The material for its construction should be chosen that can last a long time. And it works differently.

The design of the greenhouse is such that it is mostly a permanent permanent structure that can be used in any cold season. It requires compliance with special rules during its construction.

A greenhouse differs from a greenhouse in that it is installed in one place. Whereas you can move the greenhouse to different places on your plot of land.

Other differences:

  • Even a simple greenhouse is usually much larger than a greenhouse;
  • The frame of the greenhouse is made thoroughly, taking into account that it will remain in place all year round;
  • Often the greenhouse is placed on a prepared foundation;
  • The greenhouse coating is made to be reliable and of high quality. This is so that it has the opportunity to serve us for a long time.

If you decide to build a large greenhouse on your site, you should prepare for the fact that this construction will require a lot of time and effort from you.

Components of a greenhouse or greenhouse with your own hands: design and maintenance

To properly build a greenhouse or greenhouse, you need to have special knowledge, both construction and agricultural. The design of a greenhouse differs from that of a greenhouse. If greenhouses are temporary structures, small in size, then greenhouse structures are large stationary structures that can occupy a large area of ​​land.

Making a greenhouse with your own hands is a whole system of various processes that are brought together in one large structure. All these processes are aimed at providing the conditions necessary for growing plants.

In view of the fact that greenhouses require our frequent presence and this home-made design must be of high quality, in compliance with safety rules.

The greenhouse structure includes:

  • Foundation;
  • Frame;
  • roof;
  • Covering fabric;
  • Watering container;
  • Brackets;
  • Windows or transoms for ventilation;
  • Soil as a floor;
  • Door;
  • Electrical wires, lighting;
  • Heating system.

If the greenhouse area is large, then try making doors on both sides. This method will give you the opportunity not to cross the entire greenhouse with containers when harvesting, and will make it easier for you to improve the greenhouse.

Arched greenhouse designs: their pros and cons

The appearance of the greenhouse comes from the shape of the roof of the building. The roof, in turn, depends on the type of building material that was used to construct the frame. Compatibility of materials also plays an important role. It is not advisable to cover greenhouses made of wood with polycarbonate, and those made of film should be stretched over a frame made of steel reinforcement.

The designs of greenhouses with an arched roof are quite new. They note a number of advantages over other types of greenhouses. If you want to build a new greenhouse, then you should think about installing an arch-shaped greenhouse on your site.

These greenhouses are the best. They are well suited for the construction of structures made of polycarbonate, or dense greenhouse film. Very often, small greenhouses are built similar to such arched greenhouses for growing all types of seedlings. Arched greenhouses are also suitable for equipping a winter greenhouse.

Advantages of an arched greenhouse:

  • There is almost no snow accumulation on the arched roof;
  • The arched shape has very good wind blowability;
  • Through the arched roof, daylight is scattered in an arched manner, and this has a good effect on fruiting and plant growth;
  • Cellular polycarbonate can withstand heavy loads very easily;
  • The construction of honeycomb sheets contributes to good thermal insulation;
  • It is more practical than greenhouses, which have other forms;
  • To build it, it is not necessary to build a foundation;
  • She has a beautiful, aesthetic appearance.

If you install modern irrigation and heating in an arched greenhouse, then such a greenhouse will become not only beautiful, but also very productive. When arranging a greenhouse, special importance must be given to electrical installation work. The method and quality of lighting is very important when growing vegetables, as is heating, the operating principle of which is often electric heating elements. In view of this, the construction of a greenhouse must begin with the arrangement of an electrical junction.

Modern greenhouse designs and their types (video)

Each of us has our own hobbies, our own activities and activities. Some people enjoy standing at the machine, while others really like working on the land and growing vegetables. If you also have a desire to devote yourself to gardening and growing vegetables in a greenhouse, study this topic thoroughly, view pdf photos and videos. They will help you better understand this process.

Examples of greenhouse improvement (photo ideas)

With the advent of modern materials on the market, and in particular polycarbonate, almost all modern greenhouse structures are covered exclusively with this material. This is due to the good characteristics of the material itself, as well as its ever-lowering price. Let's start by describing the advantages of polycarbonate compared to other materials such as glass, polyethylene film, etc.

A greenhouse is a structure designed to protect the soil and grow vegetables.

Advantages of the material:

Polycarbonate is a cellular material that transmits sunlight well, blocks UV rays, and is resistant to precipitation and mechanical stress.

  1. High impact resistance. Polycarbonate, with its light weight, is 200 times stronger than glass and 10 times stronger than PVC and acrylic plastics.
  2. High fire resistance and heat resistance.
  3. Low specific gravity and extreme lightness (cellular polycarbonate with the same coverage area is 16 times lighter than glass and 3 times lighter than acrylic polymers of the same thickness).
  4. High light transmission (material transparency reaches 87%), noise and sound insulation, high resistance to chemicals. Resistant to many atmospheric conditions: sunlight, snow, rain.
  5. On top of that, manufacturers guarantee the service life, as well as the unchanged properties and durability of polycarbonate for 12 years.
  6. Polycarbonate is safe and easy to use (the material does not crack or break, thereby not forming sharp fragments).
  7. High ultraviolet protection (a special protective layer is used to prevent the penetration of harmful ultraviolet radiation into the greenhouse).
  8. The lightness of the sheets and the excellent structural qualities of the material allow you to make light, elegant and original designs.

Polycarbonate needs quality care. The surface of the greenhouse must be cleaned of dirt, because dust, dirt, small twigs and leaves will accumulate on it throughout the year.

Disadvantages of the material:

  1. If you put a polycarbonate sheet on the greenhouse with a special ultraviolet layer inside, the service life of the sheet will decrease exactly four times. Therefore, when installing, you need to pay attention to which side you place the sheet.
  2. The material has a hollow structure, where water and dirt get in, which leads to faster heat transfer and deterioration of light transmittance, and it also spoils the appearance.

The frames of future greenhouses are built and manufactured using polycarbonate. They differ in shape and in the material used in their manufacture.
What form of greenhouse is most often chosen? The most common forms are the arched greenhouse and the tented greenhouse. All others are considered modifications of these two types.

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Types of greenhouses

Arched greenhouses are factory-made greenhouses. Their advantages are: low cost, ease of assembly, low consumption of polycarbonate.

The disadvantages are: low functionality, the outer beds are small in height. Such greenhouses can be chosen for small-growing crops: eggplant, pepper, etc.

A tent greenhouse has greater functionality than an arched one.

Tents - this type of greenhouse design is made according to your own sketch or you buy a ready-made factory product. The advantages of tents are non-standard sizes, the ability to place any crops in them, good functionality, and individual design.

The disadvantage of tents is the need to choose a more durable material for the frame. When constructing the frame, you need to take into account the increased snow load. Disadvantages also include higher cost and greater consumption of material per covered area than in arched structures.

Materials used for the production of frames

The galvanized “hat” profile is reliably protected from corrosion.

  1. Galvanized “hat” profile. Its advantages include ease of transportation (you can easily transport it in a passenger car), reliable protection against corrosion. Due to the ease of manufacture and flow production, the price is low. Disadvantages include labor-intensive assembly and a large number of bolted connections. For example, to assemble an 8-meter greenhouse you will need to tighten more than 1,200 bolts. By the way, it takes more than one day to assemble such a greenhouse. Frames of this type can withstand a load of no more than 20 kg/sq.m. Therefore, in the event of heavy snowfall, the snow must be immediately removed from the surface of the greenhouse. Of course, there is a more durable profile, but its price is comparable to the price of structures made from a profile pipe. In addition, missing or mismatched holes and incomplete components are often encountered.
  2. Galvanized square or rectangular pipe. The greenhouse is produced both in collapsible and fully welded form. Due to the minimum of connections, the frame can be assembled in a short time, within 1-2 hours. The entire greenhouse can be assembled in 4-5 hours. Such products can withstand heavy snow loads. Some designs have a reinforced frame and can withstand loads of up to 250 kg, and each arch can withstand a load of 250 to 300 kilograms. By choosing such a greenhouse, you can install it both on the foundation and on the ground without fear of deformation of the frame.

The disadvantage of such greenhouses is the need for painting; their cost is higher than that of a “hat” profile. All-welded ones have large dimensions, which is not very convenient for transportation, although they are considered the most durable.

Polycarbonate- a material that has long been known on the market and is very popular among consumers. This is explained, first of all, by the fact that it has a unique structure. This type of building material consists of hundred filled with air. Thanks to this, polycarbonate has a number of positive properties. Advantages of polycarbonate:

Has and flaws greenhouse made of polycarbonate. There are few of them, but they are there:

  1. Do not clean the greenhouse (cellular polycarbonate) with detergents abrasive type, because it is very easy to scratch. If scratches do appear, then you need to know that in this case, the sheets will transmit light less well.
  2. Does not cope well with high and low temperatures, due to which it begins to change your size. When building a greenhouse, you should definitely take this fact into account so that the entire structure does not end up deformed.

Having considered the huge list of positive properties of polycarbonate, we can safely say that today it is at the first place from all materials suitable for creating greenhouses.

Polycarbonate greenhouse - photo:

Polycarbonate greenhouse: types of structures, varieties and different shapes

Which ones are there? polycarbonate greenhouses? Today there are many types of structures.

Let's analyze in detail types of polycarbonate greenhouses:

Prefabricated

Prefabricated polycarbonate greenhouses also include tented ones:

  1. Arched outwardly they resemble a long semicircular tunnel. Among the advantages of such greenhouses, we note the following: precipitation on their surface does not linger, but quickly rolls down; transmit sunlight evenly; do not require special skills during construction.

    2. Of the minuses it should be noted Difficulty installing vents on the rounded walls of the structure. In addition, due to the shape of such a greenhouse, the opportunity to plant many tall plants disappears.

  2. Tents have a rectangular or square shape and a very large number of varieties. They differ from each other depending on depending on the type of roofs And. That is why the forms of polycarbonate greenhouses are:
  • single-pitched. They are attached to the wall of the house, which can significantly reduce the consumption of necessary materials, retain heat well, and are easy to assemble. The disadvantages of this design are that it limits the access of sunlight to the plants. The roof often cannot withstand heavy rainfall;
  • gable. They have two roof slopes. Thanks to this, tall crops can be planted throughout the entire area of ​​the structure being built. They are easy to carry out ventilation installation. Disadvantages include: impossibility creating such a rectangular greenhouse from polycarbonate alone, high consumption of material, high total cost of construction, problem with sealing the gaps between the layers;
  • polygonal. They are not built very often, but they have an attractive appearance, provide excellent access to the sun, and are resistant to strong gusts of wind and snow. If you really want to create beautiful polygonal structure, it will be necessary to work hard;
  • drop-shaped. A very beautiful greenhouse that requires considerable skill during the installation process. Among the advantages, it combines all of the above models.

Double layer

Double-layer greenhouses They are very rarely built from polycarbonate. This is a rather labor-intensive process.

But, it is quite possible to do without it if you make any type of prefabricated structure correctly.

In addition, thanks to the characteristics, by correctly securing the material to the frame, getting rid of all the cracks, you will be able to create a beautiful garden greenhouse made of polycarbonate.

Double-layer polycarbonate greenhouses will cost expensive ordinary.

They have an unattractive appearance, because to ventilate them you will need to install much more windows. Light is refracted differently through the two surface layers, so the internal area does not heat up equally.

REFERENCE: Using PVC profile And polycarbonate layers small thickness, you can still make a fairly airtight greenhouse by correctly inserting sheets of material into the grooves.

Big and small

Small greenhouses carbonate is built in areas with a small area. They are also built from a metal frame, which is covered with polycarbonate sheets.

Such frame greenhouses made of polycarbonate must be built ventilation, because due to their small area the plants can be very hot.

Due to its small size, polycarbonate is easy to assemble, move to another place and disassemble for the winter (if so desired).

Small greenhouses cost a lot cheaper large, which allows absolutely all customers to purchase them.

It is easy to care for such greenhouses; watering can even be done manually, because it will not be difficult. You can only grow vegetables or fruits in them that will have equal development conditions(for example, they will only be moisture-loving or heat-loving). It's easy to explain. In a small room it is difficult to create conditions for different crops.

Small greenhouses made of polycarbonate - photo:

Large greenhouses installed over large areas. The space in a large polycarbonate greenhouse can be divided into zones, which allows you to grow different crops that will not interfere with each other. It is impossible to move such structures; they require a lot of care, special watering, heating and lighting. We also need such greenhouses.

In order for a large greenhouse made of cellular polycarbonate to serve you for a long time, you need to take care of a high-quality one that can withstand the significant weight of the entire structure and will prevent its destruction.

Growing plants in large greenhouses, you can provide not only yourself with the necessary amount of healthy and tasty vegetables, but also put some of them up for sale.

Large greenhouses made of polycarbonate - photo:

Farm and industrial

Made of polycarbonate, it is much larger in size compared to the country house. That's why she demands more attention And material costs.

  1. They have big size.
  2. Can be assembled and disassembled if necessary.
  3. Plants are grown in them in significant quantities.
  4. The construction process is thought out to the smallest detail, because in case of failure or heat loss, a lot of seedlings will be lost.
  5. They can function in winter, if they are equipped with a good heating system.
  6. Making the work of farmers easier, they are equipped with automatic watering.
  7. Ability to maintain and set the required lighting and temperature.

Industrial varieties of greenhouses- these are structures that are not always used for growing crops. In them you can equip a garage, a swimming pool, a warehouse and make a workshop. These are very high quality polycarbonate greenhouses. They have increased strength and reliability, which allows them to be used in various climatic conditions.

Such polycarbonate greenhouse designs can reach lengths 20 meters and more. They have practically no joints on the walls, so they retain heat perfectly. You can grow absolutely any plants in them if you create suitable development conditions for them (lighting, watering, etc.). In order not to lose heat in industrial greenhouses in winter, additionally at the entrance to them they install vestibule.

Types of polycarbonate greenhouses - photo:

Types of frames

When planning to install a polycarbonate greenhouse, you need to think about what it will be made of frame.

For polycarbonate greenhouse frame the following materials are used:

  1. Frame - metal (aluminum)- an excellent option, but you will need to pay a lot of money for it. Such a greenhouse frame made of polycarbonate can serve its owner for many years. This environmentally friendly material, has good strength and does not corrode.
  2. - a good choice for creating a greenhouse, but it is short-lived and requires constant care. You can extend its service life with various paints and products that prevent rotting, mold and mildew.
  3. retains heat well, does not rust, and has a low cost. Most often used for small structures.

    4. REFERENCE: In recent years it has been invented heavy-duty profile, made of plastic. This polycarbonate greenhouse frame can also be used for large structures.

  4. They have good strength and are inexpensive.

Now you know all the pros and cons polycarbonate greenhouses. Do you need a polycarbonate greenhouse? Certainly Yes! After all, this is a great solution to always have fresh vegetables and fruits at your dacha.

It all depends on everyone’s personal preferences: whether it will be a small, not very heavy structure or a huge structure that can only be placed on a large plot of land. Perfectly transmitting sunlight through themselves, retaining heat, you can get fresh cucumbers, tomatoes and other vegetables already at the beginning of spring, by properly caring for them and competently having arranged your greenhouse.