Installing a GSM security alarm in a country house, garage or private house allows you to ensure the safety and security of property. Control is carried out via telephone, and to install it yourself you need to master all the features of the system.
Operating principle of GSM alarm
GSM signaling is a complex of devices that are interconnected by the GSM network and interact via a signal. Elements of the complex are installed on site, and control and reception of signals is carried out using a landline or mobile phone located by the owner. This way you can receive alarm notifications about unauthorized people entering a protected facility. The system is controlled using the same principle, but to do this you need to send the necessary signal from your phone. As a result of this, fire extinguishing systems can be activated at the facility, electronic locks and other elements can be controlled.
Scope of application of the security system
Security systems operating over the GSM network are diverse and widely used in private homes, garages, and cottages. The use of car alarms is effective, but such a system differs significantly from the complex for real estate. Small remote warehouses, production facilities or other structures can be easily equipped with similar devices. A functional alarm allows you to respond in a timely manner to a fire or damage to property, and prevent other unpleasant actions by intruders.
Depending on the model, the devices perform the following functions:
- ensuring fire safety of a cottage, garage or other facility;
- monitoring the availability of electricity in the network;
- monitoring leaks and shutting off water valves;
- gas pipeline leak control and system shutdown;
- activation of the siren, as well as heating or watering in the area;
- wiretapping the premises;
- room temperature control.
The complex of devices can include various sensors, for example, to monitor the integrity of window glass or smoke sensors. This allows you to vary the functionality of the security system. Therefore, the GSM complex is optimal not only for a summer house, garage or private house, but is also used for greenhouses, private buildings under construction and other structures.
Device components for home and garden
A simple alarm option does not require the presence of complex devices, which allows you to create a security system yourself. In this case, it is necessary to understand the operating principle of the entire complex. As a result, you can create an effective GSM alarm system for your dacha or garage with your own hands. This makes it easy to avoid the cost of purchasing expensive equipment.
The following components will be needed for the alarm:
- a simple push-button mobile phone in working condition;
- ready-made sensor or reed switch + magnet;
- switch;
- installation wire;
- soldering iron and solder;
- SIM card.
DIY system assembly
The security system complex assumes the presence of a control unit with outputs for sensors and sirens. The occurrence of emergency situations triggers commands that are pre-programmed. For example, if the integrity of window glass in a house is damaged, the system is able to send an SMS message to the owner. Listening to everything that happens in the house is also possible when calling a unit located in a guarded house.
First you need to determine what type of sensors are needed at the site. Devices that detect damage to window glass and are also sensitive to smoke and increased air temperature are in demand. Special motion sensors are also installed on the front door. After determining the types of devices, their location is selected.
The work package includes the following stages:
Video: alarm with motion sensor
A simple system with a minimum of parts is convenient, but a motion-sensitive alarm system is more effective. The system is easy to create with your own hands, and video recommendations allow you to master the work process.
Time relay system
GSM alarm schemes with time relays are different, but simple options are easy to create with your own hands. In this case, a relay is necessary for the siren to sound, and the design may contain either two or one such element. In the first case, one relay activates the sound alert, and the other element turns it off after a set time period. The element has two groups of contacts. If there is one relay, deactivation is carried out manually, that is, with the alarm disable button.
Video instructions for creating a time relay
GSM alarm system, equipped with a time relay, is functional and convenient. A video that presents installation features allows you to master the rules and principle of operation of the relay.
Disadvantages of a homemade system
Simple assembly, cost-effectiveness, easy operation and the ability to increase functionality are the advantages of a homemade alarm system for a country house, garage or private home. The system is not without drawbacks, which are expressed in the following:
- easy blocking of the alarm by unauthorized persons;
- malfunctions occur quite often;
- a large set of functions requires correct installation of each element;
- a complex system requires careful planning.
Reviews from experts
Experts' opinions on the effectiveness of homemade devices vary. The location of the facility, as well as the type of system, is important. The presence of a siren often makes an alarm a method of scaring off intruders, but before creating a system it is worth taking into account the feedback of specialists. Commentary on the effectiveness of homemade devices is sparse, but contains some key points.
When installing an alarm in an apartment with pets, it is worth considering the reviews of experts:
Motion sensors can be adjusted to a specific response height. If your cat does not playfully jump to a height of 2 meters, and the attacker does not climb on his belly (you can’t even open a closet in this position!), then an alarm is completely justified. The main thing is that the installation is carried out by specialists who understand the subject well.
Andrey Kotousov
Motion sensors can be configured to trigger only if an object larger than a certain size moves in the room. It can be configured so that when moving an object less than 10 kilograms, there will be no triggers. My relatives have an alarm system in their apartment, including motion sensors. They have 2 cats that walk all over the apartment, and there were only 2 false alarms, and both times when the cats knocked over massive objects (once their 4-story house), the 2nd carpet was rolled up in the corner. So the main thing is to configure it correctly...
Mikhail Karpovhttps://otvet.mail.ru/question/82855068
DIY Project: Yes or No?
There is no need to create a project when installing a homemade GSM alarm system. This is due to the fact that the system includes a minimum number of elements that are easily connected and interact with each other. In this case, it is worth determining the location of the main unit, as well as the placement areas of all sensors. A schematic representation of the entire system allows you to quickly make an alarm yourself.
Laser alarm
A homemade laser alarm system is an effective security system that is easy to operate. This uses more complex components than for GSM signaling. For example, a laser source, resistors and other elements are needed. The principle of operation of such a security system is that when the laser beam is interrupted, the voltage at one of the terminals drops below the reference voltage at the other terminal. In this case, the voltage level at the output of the first operational amplifier increases, and the resulting pulse can be used to turn on a siren, spotlight and other devices.
Scheme selection
The alarm, the action of which is based on a laser beam, is created according to the scheme. There are many options of varying complexity. The choice depends on your electronics skills. For example, an effective system with a timer is quite simple and is actively used to protect private objects.
System creation
To install a laser alarm with your own hands, you need to prepare a BT169 thyristor, laser, LED light bulb, capacitor, 47k resistors, photoresistor or LDR. Installation includes the following stages of work:
Advantages and disadvantages
Laser signaling has such advantages as efficiency, long range, reliability and rapid response to emergency situations. To create a system with your own hands, you need simple elements that are easy to purchase. The source of the laser beam is a regular pointer that produces a beam of red or another color. The ready-made device makes the assembly process simple.
The alarm system has such disadvantages as the complexity of the assembly circuit, which requires knowledge and skills in the field of electronics. It is important to correctly install and connect additional elements in the form of a timer or other devices to the system.
Video: installation of laser alarm
Detailed video instructions allow you to master all the features of self-assembly. At the same time, the alarm will be economical, high-quality and effective in use.
A GSM security system or a laser complex allows you to ensure the safety of property and the safety of the facility. It is easy to create a system with your own hands for a cottage or garage, but it is important to follow the installation rules and use high-quality components.
The protection of private property has always been a pressing problem. Nowadays, there are many ways to protect your valuables or home: you can hire security, install an alarm, insure, etc., etc. But what to do if these methods are too expensive in relation to the property being protected, but you still don’t want to leave it unattended, for example, a dacha. The author will tell you how he found a way out of this situation by making an autonomous security alarm with his own hands!
What we will need to create an alarm:
1) Passive IR motion sensor (necessary for the system to respond to intrusion)
The author bought a light switch for 300 rubles.
2) 12 volt siren (needed to notify of intrusion)
In this case, a power of 105dB was used, but as you understand, this depends only on your desire. The cost is about 200 rubles.
3) Battery holder
4) 6 V relay,
5) insulating tubes,
6) wires.
7) the batteries themselves.
So let's analyze what we need from the alarm itself.
The alert should work for a short time and turn itself off after a certain period of time, and then work again in standard standby mode. The system must be able to operate repeatedly. Not a high voltage current, for long-term operation (at least half a year).
Let's start with remaking the motion sensor; you need to convert it from 220V power supply to 12V.
Having analyzed the circuit, it becomes clear that it is capable of operating even with a power supply from 8 V to 30 V. Actually, with the 12 V power supply we require, we must set the relay to 6 V. Let's start disassembling the sensor. The spherical part can be removed if one of the supports is bent. The element is fastened with latches.
After removing the board, it is observed that the sensor is nothing more than a passive IR receiver, the reaction of which is associated with a change in the power of IR radiation incident on it and a simple optics system. Sensor viewing angle is 180 degrees.
Next, you need to power the points that are on the left. Negative and positive charges correspond to the charges of the power source (plus +, minus -).
The points on the right are needed to connect the relay winding. And the standard relay installed on the sensor (it looks like a black box) must be removed.
Since there is not enough space inside the spherical shell of the sensor, it was decided to output the relay to the base of the housing through wires.
The actual power is supplied to the sensor through the switch, and when the system is triggered, power is also supplied to the relay. Which in turn leads to the activation of a siren, notifying us of intrusion.
By the way, the number of possible connected sirens is not limited.
As you can see below, the siren and the batteries are connected to the system via terminals. Above and to the right is the switch, and at the bottom left is the relay itself.
And so we assembled our security system!
ATTENTION! Protect your ears before testing your siren! Otherwise, you may damage your hearing, which is naturally undesirable. And don't let the siren's small size fool you, it is really very loud.
What did we do? Thanks to the regulator, it is possible to set on the sensor the time that the siren will operate after identifying entry into the protected area. The author got it from 10 seconds to 8 minutes.
The sensor is installed indoors (for example, at the door), and the siren is placed outside.
It is important to know that after power is applied, the siren goes silent, so the author suggests placing the switch in a place inconspicuous to the eye.
To operate the sensor for 6 months, 16 mixed alkaline batteries are enough.
The system has also been successfully tested in the freezer, which will ensure its excellent performance even in winter. at -30 degrees.
After the author installed the system at his dacha, he discovered:
1. Glare from water, unfortunately, can cause false alarms of the system
2. If the sensor is noticed, then attackers can cover it with duct tape, thereby creating blind spots.
Sometimes there is a need for an autonomous, inexpensive security alarm, for example, for protection in a country house. The use of industrial designs in such cases may not be economically feasible.
What do we need from an alarm system?
- Reaction to intrusion, for example with a passive IR motion sensor
- Intrusion alert with siren. The notification should work for a short time (for example, 5 minutes) and then turn off.
- After triggering, the system should go into standby mode again. If necessary, it should operate multiple times.
- low current consumption for long-term (6 months) operation in standby mode.
To make such an alarm we will need:
Passive infrared motion sensor. For example, a sensor purchased from OBI is a light switch. Price about 300 rub.
12 V siren. In particular, a 105dB model was used, you can use any other. Price no more than 200 rub.
Other small items: Battery holder, 6 V relay, insulating tubes, wires.
So. We need to remake the motion sensor, switching it from 220V to 12V. A superficial analysis of the circuit showed that the circuit can operate with supply voltages from 7–8 V to 30 V. With a 12V supply, it is necessary to set the relay to a voltage of 6V. (12 volt does not work). Let's open the sensor. The spherical part is removed if you bend one of the supports. The halves are held on by latches.
We remove the board. As you can see, the sensor is a passive IR receiver that responds to changes in the amount of IR radiation incident on it and a simple optical system. Sensor viewing angle is 180 degrees.
The points on the left need to be powered. The “+” is the positive pole and the “-” is the negative pole from the power source. We will connect the relay coil to the points on the right. Remove the standard relay (black box).
Due to lack of space inside the spherical part of the sensor, it was decided to route the relay through the wires to the base of the housing.
Power is supplied to the sensor through the switch. When the sensor is triggered, it supplies voltage to the relay coil. The relay is triggered and its closing contacts turn on the siren. Thanks to the relay, you can connect a large number of sirens.
View from below. The siren and batteries are connected via terminals. Bottom left relay. Top right switch.
Complete system. ATTENTION! Do not use the siren without protecting your ears; despite its small size, it is very loud and can cause hearing damage.
In the end it worked out. In accordance with the regulator on the sensor, you can set the operating time of the siren after activation. From 10 sec to 8 min. Install the sensor indoors and take the siren outside. Unfortunately, after power is applied, the sensor is triggered, so it is reasonable to move the siren switch to a secret place and turn it on 5 minutes after turning on the sensor. The switch can be operated with a key, like the ignition switch of a car.
The sensor turned out to be quite economical. According to the ammeter:
Standby current 700 µA
Trigger current 1.1 mA
Siren current 200mA
A simple calculation suggests that 3.1 Ah is needed to operate for 6 months. The capacity of the alkaline battery is about 2.5 Ah. Therefore, for the winter you need 16 alkaline batteries mixed together.
Testing in the freezer showed that the system works even at -32
Added later: given our turbulent times and the autonomy of the system, it can be used to build a security perimeter in nature around a tent, for example.
Tests at the dacha showed:
1. Glare from water causes false alarms
2. You can seal the sensor with pieces of isolette tape so that blind spots are formed.
Car security is a pressing and sometimes expensive issue. But if you have an inexpensive car, you can make a simple car alarm yourself. To do this, you need minimal knowledge of physics, a simple microcircuit and the necessary radio components. They can be easily removed from old equipment.
To create an alarm, SC1006 series microcircuits are suitable, which are designed for alarms with a high power level. And I also want to immediately note one point, if you have a truck like a forklift, then I want to tell you an excellent resource where you can select and buy spare parts, come in and choose.
Microcircuits can operate over a wide range of supply voltages. But it is best to power the microcircuits with a voltage of 5 volts.
They have a built-in zener diode, which allows them to be powered from a battery. The SC1006 microcircuit is one of these. Looking at the diagram, you can understand that the rated voltage makes it possible to use it for signaling. Based on these microcircuits, many alarms and signaling devices in the car have been developed.
The pulses emitted by the microcircuit, the frequency of which is constantly changing, create the howl of a siren. With every second it increases and is fed to the head. It is connected to two transistors, the second of which is a power amplifier. Instead of two conventional transistors, you can install one - KT829. It's much more powerful.
A piezo emitter is suitable as a sound head. It can be replaced with any high-frequency dynamic head with a power of more than 10 watts. In order for the head to enhance the alarm effect, it must be installed in the acoustics.
A one-amp semiconductor diode is installed at the power input. It is necessary to prevent power overload.
The system uses a 30 kOhm resistor. The sound of the alarm depends on it. If you are not satisfied with it, you can install a variable resistor on which you can adjust the duration of the pulses and configure the desired sound.
If you attach a vibration or presence sensor to the alarm system, your car will be under reliable protection.
All the best….
Every person wants to live as comfortably and safely as possible. The desire to protect your home as much as possible from the entry of others is natural and reasonable. Therefore, technical methods of preventing cases of property theft through the use of security alarm systems are popular.
The development of microprocessor technologies, control devices, video surveillance and communications are making them increasingly accessible for security purposes for domestic purposes. However, attackers are also studying them, looking for effective ways to block or control them. Our tips will help the home craftsman securely and secretly install a security alarm system with his own hands for a house or apartment, disguising them from the view of a potential thief.
Principles of creating a security alarm
A few decades ago, a security alarm system worked using limit switches connected by wires to a power source and light or sound displays, but now it is a complex of various technical systems that operate autonomously and automatically. Security is created to notify the property owner of unauthorized entry into his area in order to take effective measures to suppress the crime.
For this purpose, approaches to protected property are divided into the following stages:
- control zone of access routes;
- fence, structural elements of the building: basement, walls, roof, windows, doors;
- interior rooms.
To implement them, a security alarm system is created, consisting of:
- object control schemes;
- a logic block that processes the information received by it;
- siren sensors;
Each of these components, working autonomously, provides its own specific security and control tasks.
Methods of monitoring the security zone
Detector sensors react to the penetration of unauthorized persons in various ways:
- video surveillance;
- control of acoustic signals;
- a break or change in the state of the electrical circuit;
- mechanical impact and other means.
Detectors can be triggered by:
- electrical contact;
- magnetic field changes;
- shock mechanical impact;
- piezoelectric effect;
- capacitive current;
- optical-electrical conversion;
- sound or ultrasonic testing;
- combinations of several signals and other methods.
Surveillance sensors monitor the object:
- a certain amount of space;
- surface parts;
- access line segment;
- pointwise.
Reed switches - magnetic contact security sensors
So-called magnetic locks can often be found in store windows and on the entrance doors of premises. They allow you to attach the sensor with contacts and wires to permanently installed elements, and the adjacent magnet to the opening doors.
Security alarm sensors of this type are long outdated: they are mounted in a visible place, and it is easy for attackers to use an additional magnet, which will block the operation of the detector with its field.
Glass break sensors
Showcases and large glass windows attract intruders because they can be relatively easily broken and penetrate through the resulting opening into the security area.
To signal such actions, detectors are created that respond to:
- mechanical shocks;
- squeezing out with jacks;
- heating glass with blowtorches.
The sensor is mounted, as can be seen in the figure above, directly on the controlled surface, which transmits mechanical or sound waves. They are detected by electric detectors of shock-contact and piezoelectric types.
Passive type sound sensors distinguish between two control modes:
- low frequency caused by the impact of a hard object;
- high frequency from flying fragments.
Infrared sensors
Two principles are used to work:
- passive temperature control of the security zone;
- active tracking of the state of a free segment in space.
Passive detectors
The work occurs through constant comparison of the temperature gradient in the directed zone. The appearance of a person or domestic animals in it is quite enough to send a signal.
Attackers, knowing the area or location of passive infrared sensors, manage to bypass them by wearing protective suits that block thermal radiation from the body. The firefighter's outfit is quite suitable for these purposes.
Active detectors
The receiver and transmitter of infrared signals in the security zone work in an integrated manner, constantly monitoring the passage of the control beam.
Since it is indistinguishable to the human eye, it can only be bypassed by knowing exactly its location or using special optical equipment.
Radio wave detectors
The operating principle of such a security zone is based on the emission of electromagnetic waves into the room and the simultaneous reception of signals reflected from the signals located inside it. At the same time, they are constantly compared.
When movement is detected in the controlled space, the balance between the adding signals is disrupted and a command is issued to trigger the sensor.
However, the disadvantage of this control method is that attackers, knowing about the presence of a radio wave detector, can simply move slowly in its area.
Capacitive sensors
The detector is tuned to the capacitive charge of the surrounding space and is balanced with the electromagnetic fields around it. When the human body finds itself in the zone of its influence, it destroys the created balance with its capacity. The sensor detects this moment and is triggered.
An attacker, when he knows about the principle of operation and the location of the capacitive sensor in the security system, blocks its action using electrical protective equipment of electrical personnel. A hard hat, rubber gloves, electrician's suit and specialized shoes will prevent it from triggering.
Combined type sensors
The use of several methods for detecting intrusion into a protected facility significantly complicates the actions of criminals. For example, the combination of a radio wave and a passive ultrasonic detector is still considered quite difficult to hack. Such a security zone is very difficult to overcome.
However, attackers are constantly studying all the technical details of newly introduced security systems and carefully developing measures to bypass and control them. This fact must be taken into account in your practical activities.
When using any security alarm, the main attention is focused on its hidden installation, closed installation, and the maximum limitation of persons who know about its operation. After all, even close people and family members can accidentally spill the beans and provide useful information to potential criminals.
Methods of operation of unauthorized access alarms
These devices can be assigned the following functions:
- scare away an intruder approaching a protected object by giving a light signal or blaring a siren;
- promptly notify the owner and security service about the entry of strangers into the restricted area so that emergency detention measures can be taken by the police team;
- or comprehensively solve several other control or security tasks.
Wired and wireless home communications, including Internet technologies, allow you to instantly transfer information to the owner of the building.
Logic block operation
It is created taking into account the effective use of the functions of the selected detector and siren for the contour tasks of protecting a private house or apartment.
If previously such systems were made by a home craftsman with his own hands from improvised materials using electronic circuits published in textbooks, now similar designs are available for sale with a fairly wide range of possibilities.
They can be easily customized to meet the individual requirements of local security through accessible programming tools. The operating algorithm includes all processes of receiving, processing, transmitting and recording monitored information.
Types of communication channels
Depending on the conditions of use, wired channels or wireless technologies based on the transmission and reception of radio waves are used.
It should be taken into account that the reliability of their operation depends on the quality of the electrical energy supply, its reliability, and once an attacker turns off the power to the house, the security alarm will be disabled.
To prevent this from happening, use either autonomous power supply from batteries or accumulators.
However, rechargeable batteries require constant monitoring of their technical condition and. Otherwise, they can also let you down by playing along with the attacker.
Security alarm from China
Well-known online stores in China provide a wide selection of electronic products for security purposes. Their kit includes:
- Control block;
- various designs of detectors;
- additional accessories.
This composition should be studied and carefully analyzed before purchase.
Control module
Its appearance and composition of functions are repeated and at the same time different in different models.
On the front surface are usually located:
- information display display;
- push-button command input switches;
- built-in speaker and microphone jacks.
Under the rear cover there is:
- terminal blocks and connectors for connecting wires and cables of detectors and sirens;
- module mode microswitches;
- SIM card for .
Equipment manufacturers make control modules in a beautiful case that can simply be hung on a screw or secured with adhesive tape to the wall near the front door. This convenience could end badly.
When an intruder enters an apartment, the first thing he will do is look for the place where the security alarm is installed. He will try to quickly disable it: tear it off its mount, throw it into the water, for example. Keep your secrets secret!
Detector
Structurally, the operating principle of the main types of sensors is described above, and their appearance is shown in the picture.
Inside the conveniently shaped case there is a battery and electronic boards with mode switches.
In addition to the security function, other detector sensors can work in the alarm set, for example, or even In this matter, each apartment owner or home master himself determines the list of necessary functions for his own needs.
Additional accessories
The following may be included as separate accessories:
- various sirens;
- remote control key fobs.
Sirens and spotlights
Due to their small dimensions, sound alarms can be hidden in the interior of rooms or niches of staircases, where they will fulfill their purpose - to scare off intruders and prevent cases of theft.
Small-sized floodlights have sufficient lighting power for a private home.
Keychain for security
Mobile control panels with small dimensions are convenient to store in a pocket or bag.
They allow you to control the operating modes of equipment from different places, for example, to turn off the motion sensor when your people are in the room, and leave the window and door sensors in operation.
How to set up a security alarm
The factory instructions determine the sequence of actions for putting each kit into operation
Antenna installation
If the logic block module uses an external antenna rather than a built-in one, then a special socket is installed for it.
The connection is made into this connector.
How to insert a SIM card
Installing a SIM card is fully consistent with the actions that we perform on a smartphone or mobile phone.
Getting started
When the power comes from the 220 network, you need to connect the adapter, and then move the toggle switch to the ON position.
Communication settings
You will need to “bind” the individual SIM card number to the control unit. To do this, use the factory password, for example, 8888 and the SMS sending mode.
Then connect an external siren and check the passage of signals between the blocks, starting from each detector by receiving an SMS on a mobile phone.
Once again, we draw your attention to the fact that all actions with the security alarm must be kept secret and not disclosed to unauthorized persons. We specifically showed that attackers quickly find hacking tools for any technical innovation.