– the sound of late ontogenesis. Its normal appearance is possible by 6-6.5 years.
But according to our observations, the timely appearance of the sound L is significantly delayed, and is not always fully formed without special help.
Violation of the sound L comes in a variety of forms:
- Like the complete absence of the “L” sound,
- So is its distortion (interdental, nasal, bilabial) - lambdacism,
- There are also replacements of the sound L with other sounds - P “cancer” - “varnish”, L (soft) “varnish” - “lyak”, V “boat” - “vodka” such replacements characterize a violation paralambdacism.
The main causes of sound disorder L are:
- short hypoglossal ligament;
- weakness of the tongue muscles;
- violation of phonemic perception of sound in the stream of speech.
Methodology for setting the sound L
In the method of producing the sound L, it is necessary to adhere to the following work scheme:
The logopath is explained characteristic features of articulation of the sound L, and reinforce visually:
“When we say the sound L correctly: the tip of the tongue rises to the upper front teeth, presses against the front teeth, pushes the teeth, the lips smile and all the teeth are visible.”
We fix it in the “Strongman” exercise: we raise the tip of the tongue to the upper teeth, rest against the upper teeth and push with force with the sound [L-L-L].
We consolidate in the exercise “The sound L travels along paths”: the speech therapist writes 3 letters L and paths from them.
Together with the child, we figure out where the sound L will come along each path. The child places his finger on the track, and his tongue in place of the correct articulation of the sound L. We give instructions: “As long as the finger runs along the track, we sing “L-L-L.”
Paste 3 pictures with the sound L into the child’s notebook:
Note: if the sound comes easily, the child immediately took the correct position (this is typical for dyslalia), then automation can be done in straight syllables and words right away.
la al ala
lo ol olo
lu ul ulu
ly y y ly
We explain, first the mouth opens wide to “A”, then the tip of the tongue rises behind the upper teeth:
al - al - al
We explain, first we open our mouth to “O”, then the tip of the tongue rises behind the upper teeth:
We explain, first we stretch our lips into a tube at “U”, then the tip of the tongue rises behind the upper teeth:
We explain, first we stretch our lips to “Y”, then the tip of the tongue rises behind the upper teeth:
Ball, shaft, gave, sting, hall, small, became, slept, fell, tired, glass, knocked, dug, wrote, pencil case, collapse, station, metal, ox, goal, stake, floor, table, injection, case, goldfinch, football, hum, blew, chair, aul, yawned, pulled, fell asleep, whispered, rocked, pinched, whined. Was, howled, washed, forgot, howled, crumpled, took off, took, soldered, calmed down, stood, drove, withered, occupied, changed, understood, lifted, led, walked, ate, chalked, sang, sat down, dressed, knew how, buzzed, hung, managed, wanted, sat, hissed, made noise, whistled, beat, sweet, Neil, watered, Mikhail, scored, drove, mowed, bought, carried, taught, gardened, visited, dragged, etc.
Note: at least 80 words, which are practiced in class and recorded for repetition at home. Parents are shown that at the end of each word the child lifts the tip of his tongue by his upper teeth.
Stage of automation L in words with a reverse syllable in the middle of the word:
Jackdaw, stick, rolling pin, violet, hill, bun, loudly, put on shoes, stretched, washed, etc.
The next stage of automation– phrases that contain words with the sound “L” at the end of the words:
Museum Hall
Rope knot
Wash the floor
Worth a donkey
Jackdaw bird
New shelf
Red squirrel, etc.
Requirements for phrases: the sound L occurs only in one word, appears only in a reverse syllable, the word order does not matter.
When the material with phrases in the reverse syllable has been mastered, the next step is automation of a straight syllable with the sound “L”:
La la la
Lo-lo-lo
Lu-lu-lu
Ly-ly-ly
And also according to the syllabic table in a certain sequence:
La al ala
Lo ol olo
Lu st ulu
Lyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy
Words with the sound L at the beginning of the word:
Paw, llama, manhole, shovel, varnish, swallow, lily of the valley, forehead, crowbar, elk, boat, elbow, horse, etc.
The effectiveness of sound automation L directly depends not only on well-chosen words, but also on the amount of basic material. We recommend using at least 80 words for each automated group.
Words in intervocalic position:
Yula, ash, led, affairs, lived, drank, fist, kalach, salad, etc.
We repeat the same, quantitatively observing the norms.
Automation in words with consonant clusters:
Klah Klah Klah Klah
pla plo plu ply
tla tlo tla tly
went went went went went
stock
slope
clew
alloy
lay
cheat
Automation in phrases(40-45 phrases):
Horse forehead
Pilot in a boat
Laura's curls
Slice in a spoon
The clever boatman
Automation in proposals: 20-25 sentences.
Mila spent a long time washing the floors.
Put a saddle on the horse
The chair fell.
Automation in rhymes, proverbs and sayings(at least 10-15 for repetition and memorization):
Pavel is small - he fell off the bench.
There is only one full moon in the sky.
Danila is afraid of soap.
Where there are many words, there is little action.
He who is not stupid is stingy with his words.
Automation in poems(3-4 for memorization and pronunciation):
Everything is white, white, white,
There was a lot of snow.
These are fun days
All on skis and skates.
Automation in short stories and fairy tales(3-4 works):
For example:
“The Lion and the Mouse” by L. Tolstoy
"The Fox and the Goat" fairy tale
“Bone” by L. Tolstoy
Automation as a work is considered completed, and we recommend that parents correct the child in words with the resulting sound in everyday speech for another 3-6 months, since this is the period in which the sound “takes root” completely. And also learn rhymes and simple sayings.
On average, a course of sound correction with an uncomplicated diagnosis is 5 lessons, in complicated cases 10-12 lessons - 30 minutes each.
Little tricks:
- If the child has “v” instead of “l” at the “syllables-words” stage, sometimes the first word combinations - grab the lower lip with a sterile gauze napkin and pronounce all the material, focusing on lifting the tip of the tongue behind the upper teeth. Use your fingers to pull your lower lip down. Thus, “breaking” the “labial” reflex, replacing it with the upper elevation of the tongue. The child quickly switches and gets used to it.
- If the child has little motivation to lift the tip of the tongue by the upper teeth: we place the child on the couch, grab both the upper and lower lips with a gauze napkin - “expose the teeth”, repeat the speech material with the child, watch for a clear lifting of the tip of the tongue by the upper teeth.
- If "L" is always soft:
A) We ask the child to repeat speech material with his tongue sticking out strongly, his teeth touching almost the back of his tongue. At the same time, phonemic work is being carried out. Next, the tip of the tongue gradually moves behind the upper teeth.
B) Second method: bite the sharp tip of your tongue on the sound “L” in the automated material.
Approximate structure of a speech therapy lesson:
- Articulation gymnastics – 5-7 minutes.
- Step-by-step staged and automated work – 15 minutes from class. At the automation stage, it includes 5 minutes of repetition of tasks from the previous lesson, 10 minutes of new material.
- Phonemic work – 10 minutes.
Automation of sounds [L], [L"] in a child’s speech
The [L] sound is very difficult to stage and automate at home. Parents will need a lot of patience. Sometimes it will seem that all your efforts are in vain, and you will not succeed. The main thing is not to give up and methodically continue the work you started. But don't overload your child! It is enough to practice twice a day for 10 minutes. Classes must be conducted in the form of a game or competition. If you have the opportunity to seek help from a speech therapist, do not hesitate! With all the parental talents, the help of a specialist will not hurt.
It will take a month to put and automate this difficult sound in forward and backward syllables. Take your time. Better consolidate what you have achieved and prepare the ground for subsequent work.
So, the month passed in labor. Parents exclaim in their hearts: “Oh, this sound [L] is not simple.” It slips out of the baby’s speech and that’s it! Especially at the beginning and in the middle of words. But at first everything went like clockwork. The little one bit the tip of his tongue and hummed like a steamboat: [Ль____], [Л_____]. Then I learned to press the wide tip of my tongue against my upper incisors and pronounce these sounds almost perfectly in isolation. But in the words... Yes... Again "vapata" (shovel), "shkova" (school), "mev" (chalk)...". It’s okay, you can cope with these difficulties too! The main thing is patience, as one fairy tale hero liked to repeat.
If the hard sound [L] is not yet possible, fix the soft [L "] first in the syllables: LA - LYU - LE - LE - LI; then in words with the same syllables:
LYA: Lyalya, strap, poplars, earth, fields, Valya, Tolya, Kolya;
Lyu: people, chandelier, lupine, buttercup, fierce, Luda, Lucy;
LE: ice, flax, light, pilot, flight, lying, Lelya, Lyova, Lyosha;
LE: forest, lion, swan, fishing line, bream, laziness, summer, watering can, ribbon, babble;
LI: leaf, linden, line, lily, lemon, fox, tench, shower, midget, Lida, etc.;
Finally, in all honesty:
LA-LA-LA: the fields are turning green.
LE-LE-LE: leaves were lying on the ground.
LI-LI-LI: the bream splashed in the shallows.
LYU-LYU-LYU: I love summer rain.
And something else in the same spirit. You can write pure sayings together with your child. A very exciting activity! Nursery rhymes and tongue twisters will also come in handy:
Oh, lyuli, lyuli, lyuli,
Children dream in cradles.
Ghouls sleep on the branches...
Everyone has long since fallen asleep!
We ate, ate tench at the spruce tree,
They were barely finished at the spruce.
We sat by the spruce tree,
We looked at the swing.
The goat was noticed
The bow was returned.
The fox lay down in the shade of the linden tree.
The fox is counting the linden leaves.
Do straight syllables already produce the [L´] sound? Amazing! It's time to move on to reverse syllables and combinations with other consonants:
AL - OL - UL - EUL - FIR - YUL - YAL (soldering iron, poplar, gurgling, dust, tulle, tulip, moth, polka, high chair, etc.);
SLE - SLI - SLY - SLY - SLI (trace, mica, slush, tears, plum, etc.). And other sound combinations and words, only with other consonants: P, F, G, K (plus, splash, whip, flux, pleat, pleated, glissé, glucose, cranberry, etc.);
Speak with your child first syllables and words, and then pure phrases with these sound combinations. Sit in front of the mirror and do not forget to control the position of your tongue (its tip rests on the upper incisors!).
OL-OL-OL: we bought salt.
UL-UL-UL: we will hang tulle.
EL-EL-EL: there is a snowstorm outside.
EUL-EUL-EUL: there is dust on the leaves.
The hard sound [L] will have to be practiced for a longer time. Don’t be lazy to repeat the same syllable, the same word several times. It is unlikely that you will be able to achieve the correct sound right away! Start with direct syllables: LA - LU - LO - LE - LY and words with them:
LA: varnish, paw, bench, palm, weasel, palms, lama, lamp, bark;
LU: bow, magnifying glass, moon, puddle, beam, meadow, lawn, Lusha;
LO: forehead, elk, crowbar, boat, spoon, curl, elbow, deftly;
LY: bast, skis, bald head, bast, tables, floors, goals, etc.
Continue to rhyme words into pure sayings:
LA-LA-LA: our Helen is small.
LU-LU-LU: Lena loves praise.
LO-LO-LO: Lena is warm in felt boots.
LY-LY-LY: Lena’s felt boots are too small.
From the nursery rhymes, choose the following:
Little owl, owl,
Big head.
She was sitting on a stake,
I looked at the moon,
Her eyes sparkled.
Little eyes clap-clap,
Paws top top.
And - it flew!
Our hands were covered in soap.
We washed the dishes ourselves.
We washed the dishes ourselves
Helped our mother.
(V. Lifshits)
The birds sat on the pole.
And the kittens go to the corner.
We sat down and sat,
They sang a song.
The spoons heard -
Legs stretched out.
The kalachi heard -
Everyone jumped off the stove!
The moon shines like brass
A harrier feasts on a frog.
A cheerful bee is flying,
The darkness of the night fell over the forest.
(V. Lunin)
A fox walked through the forest,
She was carrying a bundle of brushwood.
I heated the bathhouse,
Bathed Vanka
I planted it in a corner,
She gave me a sweet pie.
Ay, goo-goo, goo-goo, goo-goo!
Don't run through the meadow!
There's a puddle in the meadow, -
Your head will spin!
As you probably noticed, in the speech material there were almost no words with the sounds [Р´], [Р]. This is no coincidence. You should not overload your child’s speech with these difficult sounds (perhaps he doesn’t even have them in his speech yet!). We will postpone work on them until a later date. Let’s better continue working on [L] and [L"] in reverse syllables and words with them:
AL - OL - UL - YL - EL - YUL - YAL - YOL - IL (small, became, table, they say, stake, chair, mule, was, sat down, ate, crumpled, walked, found, sawed, walked, etc.) d.)
PLA - KLA - VLA - SLA - SLA - FLA - BLA - GLA and other sound combinations with other vowels: U, O, Y (crying, swimming, Klava, keys, gone, flags, eyes, etc.).
If the hard L sound works well in syllables and words, move on to phrases and pure phrases:
AL-AL-AL: our baby is still small.
OL-OL-OL: the moth sat on the table.
UL-UL-UL: we broke the chair.
YL-YL-YL: Pavel was washing the floors.
SHLA-SHLA-SHLA: I found a cornflower.
At the first stage of automation of sounds [Л´], [Л], the baby repeats syllables, words and phrases after you. At the end, you must remember words with these sounds yourself. You just give tasks:
Remember the names of birds (animals, flowers, trees, etc.) with the sounds [Л´], [Л].
Name food products with the sounds [L´], [L].
List things with sounds [Л´], [Л].
Learn and guess riddles with your child, draw pictures of the answers to them:
What kind of animal is it in the cold winter?
Walking through the forest hungry?
It's a thorny, green one, we'll find it in the forest in winter.
We'll invite the green one to visit.
There is a hollow in the pine tree, it is warm in the hollow.
And who lives warm in a hollow?
This lump from the apple tree is a hop!
He fell, rolled, and got lost in the leaves.
Rolls across the sky
Appears at night.
He gets fat and then loses weight.
It shines, but does not warm at all.
I was digging the ground.
Not at all tired!
And who dug for me?
He's tired.
(Shovel)
6. Automation of sounds [L], [L"] based on tongue twisters and texts
To complete your work on the sounds L, L, use tongue twisters and texts rich in these sounds:
Have you washed the raspberries?
They washed, but did not soap.
They stomped and stomped, they stomped until they reached the poplar,
They stomped all the way to the poplar, but their feet stomped.
Kolya stabs the stakes.
Fields field flight.
Polkan pushed the stick with his paw.
Polkan pushed the stick with his paw.
Mila's mother washed her with soap.
Mila didn't like soap.
The Christmas tree has pins and needles.
Splitting needles near the Christmas tree.
In the winter cold everyone is young.
Everyone is young in the winter cold.
Our Polkan fell into a trap.
The cat lapped milk
And Vitya dipped the bun in milk.
The woodpecker was pecking at the oak tree, but didn't finish it.
The cat rolled the ball of thread into the corner.
The cat rolled a ball of thread into the corner.
The field is not weeded, the field is not watered.
The field needs to be watered, the field needs to be watered.
Needless to say, any children's book will give you a lot of speech material for automating the sounds [L], [L"]:
Bell
blue bell
Bowed to you and me.
Bluebells flowers
Very polite. And you?
(E. Serova)
Exchanged the doll
Lida washed Mila doll,
I didn’t wash the dirt off the doll.
But the soap makes Mila the doll
She faded as best she could.
Out of resentment for the Lida doll
Exchanged it for a donkey.
(N. Konchalovskaya)
Snowstorms all winter
All winter there were blizzards, -
The maples and lindens have turned grey...
And in the spring we had fun,
They bloomed and turned green.
(I. Demyanov)
7. A little warning
I would like to warn parents against overloading their child. It is unlikely that you will be able to cope with the difficult sounds [L], [L"] in record time. Be content with training for no more than half an hour each. Of course, if the child does not get tired, you can do them two or three times a day at some interval time. But as soon as you see fatigue in your baby’s eyes, or he stops showing interest in activities, you need to postpone the work, or change the form of the activity. And the result? It will definitely appear!
SOUND AUTOMATION
| LA - LA - LA LE – LE – LE LE – LE – LE LI – LI – LI BJ – BJ – BJ | AL - AL - AL SPRUCE - SPRUCE - SPRUCE YOL – YOL – YOL IL – IL – IL YUL – YUL – YUL | AL - OL - UL - EUL YAL - YUL - IL - YUL UL – YEL – YAL – IL YUL - YUL - YUL - YUL EL - AL - OL - EUL | LA - LE - LE - LI LE - LE - LI - LA LE - LA - LI - LE LIU - LI - LA - LE LI - LYU - LA - LY |
APLHS - APHIES - APLHS ALYA - ALYA - ALYA
Aphids - Aphids - Aphids BARELY - BARELY - BARELY
Aphids - Aphids - Aphids ELY - ELY - ELY
Aphids - Aphids - Aphids YULYU - YULYU - YULYU
APHID - APHID - APHID OR - OR - OR
Words
Steel, enamel, shawl, distance, medal, pedal, palm tree, detail, boy, further, festival, finger.
Salt, moth, roofing felt, pain, Olga, only, painful, beans, sack, pulse, gurgle, steering wheel.
Feather grass, crutch, bottle, bloodworm, dust, reality, soap, soldering iron, tulle, vestibule, scrap, wick, sprat, strong.
Spruce, stranded, target, crack, hop, blizzard, panel, overcoat, sorrel, herring.
Prowess, coat, firing, battalion, postman, medallion.
Bags, broth, bulldog, pollen, tulip, pavilion.
Report card, nickel, jacket, dolphin, schnitzel.
Fields, Lyalya, strap, glade, solyanka, goulash, stroller.
Linden, leaf, shower, Lisa, viburnum, Polina, snail.
Ribbon, watering can, forest, left, climb, fishing line, swan, ladder, lion, ticket, knee, regret, cart, seal.
Lyosha, ice, flax, light, flight, distant, wheels, diaper, herring, green, ember, moth, plane.
I stab, I order, I saw, I grind, I salt, Lyuba, people, hatch, buttercup, prickly.
La: Olya, Valya, Yulya, Kolya, freedom, sawing, bullet, week, chalking, whitening, grooming, salting.
Lee: Face, fox, leaf, lemon, street, sat, stood, knocked, walked, carried, wrote, carried, ran over, stomped, clapped, giant.
Le: Beehive, field, wheel, fly, forester, glacier, treat, winch, cake, ice drift, lie down.
Liu: Pole, jaws, kiss, favorite. Pronounce words with consonant clusters:
La, li: Blot, beach, plaque, for, hat, tab, dance, gloss, slush, look, bottle, walked, closer, clay, length, slab, climate, wedge, damn.
Le, le, lyu: Gleb, bread, plaid, trace, captivity, glue, crib, mold, shine, cage, pale, team, hobby, maple, Kiev, takeoff, spank, film, beak, key, stick, bun, love, mica, cranberry, observe.
Offers
Lilya drew a green lily.
Yulia and Galya love to skate on ice.
Lenya and Yulia bought candy.
People were getting into the elevator.
Near the forest the flax turns blue.
Polya and Galya draw a palm tree.
Valya didn’t go for a walk because there was a snowstorm.
Kolya pours milk from a bottle into a saucer.
Swans were flying over the forest.
Tolya’s dad is a pilot, he’s on a flight today.
The guns from the pier are firing, the ship is ordered to land.
Young sticky leaves bloomed on the poplar.
The sound of dripping could be heard from the street.
Leva sculpts from plasticine.
Lena has a green ribbon.
Luda waters tulips from a watering can.
Mila was eating a salad.
Lusha took the spatula.
The swallow made a nest.
Mom made milk noodles.
Mila washed her palms and combed her hair.
There are burdocks and wormwood near the tents.
Lusha chopped onions and beets.
Mila saw an elephant.
Slava goes to the storeroom to get the oars.
The water in a deep well is cold.
There are ripe and sweet apples in the store.
Volodya is a brave swimmer.
The forest is big, but the forest is small.
The leaf is big and the leaf is small.
Rural residents live in villages and towns.
A forest of deciduous trees is deciduous.
Alley of lindens - linden.
Poplar fluff is poplar.
Raspberry jelly – raspberry.
Lemon jelly – lemon.
Cranberry jelly – cranberry.
Plush fawn - plush.
Connected speech
FOREST HOLIDAY
The school declared a forest holiday. On Saturday the children gathered at school. They brought shovels and watering cans. Cars arrived and they brought seedlings. Schoolchildren planted trees in the village pond and landscaped the sports ground. A spruce forest was planted near the school.
I was picking strawberries in the forest and lost my way. There was a young spruce forest all around. I lay down on a fragrant carpet of spruce needles and placed a basket of strawberries near my feet. Bumblebees buzzed overhead. Wasps flew quickly. Domestic bees flew from flower to flower, collecting sweet juice. Then the bees disappeared behind the spruce forest. I went after the bees, and they showed me the way to the house.
MILA DOLL (text retelling)
Lusha's mother bought a doll. Lusha liked the doll: blue eyes, blond hair, blue dress, blue shoes. Lusha named the doll Mila. The doll is very cute. Lusha was with Mila all day. She dressed her and put her shoes on. I washed her hair and combed her hair. She put the doll to sleep and rocked it to sleep.
Lusha took care of the doll. One day Lusha put the doll to sleep. Mom called Lusha to dinner, and the dog took the doll away. She carried the doll and ruined it. Lusha cried, but did not leave the doll. Then my mother bought the same doll. She secretly exchanged it, and Lusha didn’t realize it.
Poetry
And recently two gazelles in a bright hall
They rang and sang: On the piano
Did they really play Plyasovaya?
Did all the carousels burn down? Get ready for a round dance,
Oh, are you sane, gazelles? Let's meet with dancing
The carousels didn't burn down, New Year!
And the swing survived.
If you gazelles didn't make noise, the owls were flying,
And next week all the people looked,
The owls would have jumped up and sat down,
On the swing carousel. All the people were amazed.
APRIL METRO
April, April! Who built this bright
Drops are ringing through the courtyards, This marble station?
Streams run through the fields, Who is under us unnoticed
There are puddles on the paths. Did you pass and crawl?
Soon the ants will come out under the gardens, under the houses
After the winter cold. The workers went to the slaughter,
A bear makes its way, fought with quicksand,
Through the dead wood, With stone, clay and water.
The birds began to sing songs,
And the snowdrop blossomed.
The linden tree has a linden flower, We are now throwers -
The linden tree has a linden leaf, Let's hit the enemy!
The linden flower is healing, swing your hand - throw!
And the linden leaf is sticky. A snowball flies straight towards the target.
The petals are cherished, the maple leaf on the maple,
The petals are sorry, the maple leaf is green,
Let them turn white, Leaves are green all summer long
Let them turn red. Turned green on the green maple.
Lenya climbed the ladder, Uncle Kolya daughter Field
Lenya picked peaches. Gave me a collie puppy
With songs, But a collie puppy
With peaches I ran away from Poly into the field.
Lenya rolled down the stairs!
Lyalya has a Lelya doll. Kolya stabs stakes,
Lelya is made of flax - The fields are watered.
Lala likes her.
People cherish bread in the fields, We found burbot in the shallows.
They spare no effort for bread.
He sleeps on an ice floe all day. It's raining, it's pouring rain everywhere.
Fat little seal. The chicks are happy in the nest:
For a lazy bungler - Mom will sit at home,
Paws turned into flippers. It won't fly anywhere!
THE RAIN IS POURING
It's raining! It's raining! - I will float on the waves!
Drops dance in a puddle, Along the canal - and to Moscow!
The raft is floating! The raft is floating! Only the rain is getting stronger.
The raft is spinning in a puddle. Only the drops are getting bigger.
The little frog climbed onto the raft of the Braggart without regrets,
And shouts: “Hurray! Forward!" They hit harder and more painfully!..
The waves are splashing! The waves are lashing! Little frog in a puddle -
Fill it with your head! Plop!
What are the waves to me? The most complete! And to the ground
The helmsman does not give up. Under the burdock.
Tongue Twisters
Valya's ballroom shoes are great.
Valenka's felt boots are too small for the giant.
Lada was given a medal.
The Lilliputians drank a pill and muttered.
White swans were flying over the meadow.
Olya gave Lena a long white ribbon.
In July we bought a spinning top for Yulia.
Lenya was sculpting a deer.
Meli, shallow, Emelya,
Your week!
Have you seen Lydia?
Have you watered the lily?
Fields flying in the field,
And Kolya is stabbing stakes.
lemonmon lemonmon
vimonhimonmimonjimon
zimonrimon lemon gimon
If, at the end of the exercise, the child continues to confuse the correct and incorrect names of the pictures, the adult analyzes the pronunciation of other words with the first sound L in the same way. (ruler, chandelier, fishing line, Lena, linden, etc.)
Consolidating the pronunciation of the sound Ль in identical straight syllables. Developing a sense of rhythm and rhyme
Listen carefully to the beginning of each rhyme. Add the number of identical syllables that suit the rhyme (la, lyu, le, li).
All the fields are turning green, la-la-la, la-la-la.
I'll salt the cabbage, lyu-lyu-lyu, lyu-lyu-lyu.
The books are hidden in the table, le-le-le, le-le-le.
We went to the lake, li-li-li, li-li-li.
I’ll buy a doll for my daughter, I love it, I love it, I love it, I love it.
I found a cross in the ashes, le-le-le, le-le-le.
I’ll cut wood for the stove, lyu-lyu-lyu, lyu-lyu-lyu.
All the daisies bloomed, li-li-li, li-li-li.
Aphids cling to the leaves, la-la-la, la-la-la.
Consolidating the pronunciation of the sound Ль in various straight syllables
Listen to what songs the Lion Cub sings, and after the adult, sing them clearly and slowly.
la - li-le la - le - le li - la - lyu
lu-la-li lu-la-le la-le-lyu
le-li-la le-la-li lu-li-la
Consolidation of the pronunciation of the sound Ль in identical reverse syllables. Developing a sense of rhyme
Listen carefully to the beginning of each rhyme. Add the number of identical syllables suitable for the rhyme (al, ol, el, il, ul).
The adult speaks The child speaks
Grandfather has a medal, al-al-al, al-al-al.
Everything in the closet was eaten by moths, ol-ol-ol, ol-ol-ol.
There's a snowstorm blowing outside, el-el-el, el-el-el.
I will light the candle wick, il-il-il, il-il-il.
We tied the laundry into a sack, ul-ul-ul, ul-ul-ul.
I love to eat beans, ol-ol-ol, ol-ol-ol.
Clearly, emphasizing the sound L, pronounce each pair of pure phrases. Please note that one of them is a joke.
La-la-la, there is land on the cloud.
La-la-la, there is earth under the wheels.
Le-le-le, there's an alarm clock on the table.
Le-le-le, the alarm clock sleeps on the ground.
Lu-lu-lu, I’ll salt the cranberries heavily.
Love-love-love, I love cranberry compote.
Li-li-li, they saved the lion from the deer.
Li-li-li, we helped the deer.
Exercise “Say according to the model” I know - and they (knew), I can - and they (knew), I sing - and they (sang), I give - and they (gave), I throw - and they (threw) , I nod - and they (nod), I buy - and they (buy), I stomp - and they (stomp), I dust - and they (dust), I saw - and they (saw), I pour - and they (lid), I glue - and they (glued), I drink - and they (drank).
Consolidating the pronunciation of the sound L in identical straight syllables,
Developing a sense of rhythm and rhyme
Listen carefully to the beginning of each rhyme spoken by an adult. Add
a suitable number of identical syllables in rhyme.
The adult speaks The child speaks
Klava sat down at the table, la-la-la, la-la-la.
I’ll take Klava to the table, lu-lu-lu, lu-lu-lu.
The keyboard at the table is light, lo-lo-lo, lo-lo-lo.
Let's sit down at the tables together, ly-ly-ly, ly-ly-ly.
Klava made a salad, lat-lat-lat, lat-lat-lat.
It's warm for us by the fireplace, it's hot, it's hot, it's hot, it's hot.
Slava is a brave diver, las-las-las, las-las-las.
In the cold, put on a sheepskin coat, loop-loop-loop, loop-lup-loop.
Consolidating the pronunciation of the sound L in various straight syllables
Following the adult, clearly and slowly repeat different syllable “buzzers” 3-4 times.
la-lu-ly la-ly-loly-lu-lelu-ly-la
ly-la-lolo-lu-la le-lo-ly la-ly-lu
lo-lu-lyle-ly-lolu-lo-lyle-lu-ly
Consolidating the pronunciation of the sound L in identical reverse syllables. Developing a sense of rhythm and rhyme Listen carefully to the beginning of each rhyme. Add the appropriate number of identical syllables to rhyme.
The adult speaks The child speaks
Vlad bought himself a pencil case, al-al-al, al-al-al.
I’ll put the skis in the case, ol-ol-ol, ol-ol-ol.
Neil washed the floors and walls, yl-yl-yl, yl-yl-yl.
The calf drank milk, slur-silt, slur-silt.
The dog barked and fell asleep, ul-ul-ul, ul-ul-ul.
The naughty cat crushed the whole hat, yal-yal-yal, yal-yal-yal.
Slava ate all the sour cream, ate-ate-ate, ate-ate-ate.
Slava swept the floor with a broom, ate-ate-ate, ate-ate-ate.
++++++++++++++++
In the cold, put on a sheepskin coat, loop-loop-loop, loop-lup-loop.
Consolidating the pronunciation of the sound L in various straight syllables
Following the adult, clearly and slowly repeat different syllable “buzzers” 3-4 times.
la-lu-ly la-ly-loly-lu-lelu-ly-la
ly-la-lolo-lu-la le-lo-ly la-ly-lu
lo-lu-lyle-ly-lolu-lo-lyle-lu-ly
Consolidating the pronunciation of the sound L in identical reverse syllables. Developing a sense of rhythm and rhyme Listen carefully to the beginning of each rhyme. Add the appropriate number of identical syllables to rhyme.
The adult speaks The child speaks
Vlad bought himself a pencil case, al-al-al, al-al-al.
I’ll put the skis in the case, ol-ol-ol, ol-ol-ol.
Neil washed the floors and walls, yl-yl-yl, yl-yl-yl.
The calf drank milk, slur-silt, slur-silt.
The dog barked and fell asleep, ul-ul-ul, ul-ul-ul.
The naughty cat crushed the whole hat, yal-yal-yal, yal-yal-yal.
Slava ate all the sour cream, ate-ate-ate, ate-ate-ate. Slava swept the floor with a broom, ate-ate-ate, ate-ate-ate.
Automation of sound [l] in phrases
Pronounce the phrases correctly
Blue glass, blue bell. Blue plate. Blue cloud, blue dress.
Blue clouds, blue bells, blue glasses.
Yellow calendula, yellow moon. Yellow sun, yellow blanket. Yellow sunflower, yellow spikelet.
Yellow scarves, yellow blouses, yellow flippers.
Answer correctly. What kind of chalk is there? What more can be said white?
“Pick up a word.”
Marmalade... ( sweet), and halva... ( sweet). Pastila too... ( sweet).
Sweet apple. A prickly needle.
Sweet apples. Sticky needles.
Sour dogwood. Golden sunflower.
Sour cherry plum. Evil Polkan.
Sour apple. Bad boy.
Sour apples. Wavy hair.
Affectionate Slava. Radiant sun.
Affectionate Mila. Moonlight night.
Tender sunshine. Deep well.
Tender rays. Soup plate.
Cheerful clown. Deep wells, plates.
Light scarf. Plastic lampshade.
What are the objects made of? ( Made of plastic.) So what are these items? ( Plastic.)
Plastic spoon.
Plastic chair.
Plastic plates.
Find a word or two. Scarlet... ( handkerchief), white... ( chalk), white... ( cloud), ripe... ( strawberry), sad... ( Mila), skillful... ( Human), brave... ( pilot), sweet, nice... ( Baby).
Who will find more words? What kind of apple is this? ( Whole, ripe, sour, sweet, yellow.)
Automation of the sound [l] in sentences and coherent speech
Two word sentences
Mikhail is brave. Volodya left. The chair fell. Mila sang. Volodya was running.
Make up proposals
the wolf was jumping
the squirrel ran
the kids smiled
Three and four word sentences
Pavel drank milk. The cat lapped milk. Mila knocked over her chair. Mila put on a robe. Lana slept for a long time. Slava made a chair. Mikhail watered the horse.
Volodya sat down at the table. There is a chair near the table. Klava planted phloxes. Slava made the raft. Gladioli grow near the house.
The ball rolled under the chair. Lana stood near the chair. Mikhail sat down in a chair.
Imagine that you are an artist. I order you a blue painting. What will you paint with blue paint? (I I'll draw blue clouds.)
Sentences with conjunctions a, and
Lana goes to school, and Mila goes to kindergarten.
The jackdaw sat on a stick, and the stick hit the jackdaw.
Mila is affectionate, but Klava is more affectionate.
I put the book on the table and sat the doll on the chair.
Lola took a broom and swept the floor. The baby fell and cried. The goat went into the garden and ate cabbage. Pavel took a saw and a hammer and made a shelf.
Execution of orders. Take the doll and sit on the chair. What have you done)? I took the doll and sat down on the chair. Take the squirrel and put it on the shelf. What have you done)? I took the squirrel and put it on the shelf.
Development of prosody
Say the phrase “What a bee” with different intonations. What bee? (interrogatively) What a bee! (with admiration.) What bee?! (with fear.)
Name the extra words in the sentence. Repeat the sentence.
The lamp hung, shone, then went out very brightly. ( The lamp shone very brightly.)
The boat rowed, sailed, flew along the river.
The table hung, sat, stood in the room.
The snow melted, sparkled, ran in the sun.
At night the moon and sun shine.
Volodya walked, sang, and sat along the street.
Klava sang, ate, and threw out songs.
Slava made, made, knocked together, hung, sawed a birdhouse.
Lana baked, broke and threw the pies.
Mila sewed, knitted, and threw a scarf to the doll.
“Like it or don’t like it.”
I like sweet marmalade. What do you like?
Would I like to eat a sweet apple? And you?
I love blue bells, how about you?
Which flower do you like better - calendula or gladiolus?
“Finish the sentence.”
On the way Pavel... ( walked). To the forest Pavel... ( came up). It's in a thick forest... ( came in) and a wave there... ( found). I cut off the fungus and put it in the box. Along the path he... ( walked), ringing song... ( hummed). Pavel to the river... ( came up), he forded the river... ( moved).
Repeat the whole story.
"Learning to think."
Think and say what connection exists between the drawn objects. I will say a word, and you name an object that has some connection with the word.
Lightning storm.
Hay - pitchforks.
Table - spoon.
Light - lamp, light bulb.
Borsch - beets.
Needle - Christmas tree, trunk.
The bed is a shovel.
Cutlet - fork.
"Developing attention."
Find 10 differences. Two Christmas trees decorated with flags. Which flag came off? What's missing from this tree?
"The fifth is odd."
Row of flowers and strawberries.
How do you understand words stupidity, stupid?
What do the words mean? headwash?Puzzle?Sip, swallow?
Topics for composing stories and fairy tales
"Sea". Key words: scuba diver, scuba gear, fins, balloon, halibut, lobster, flounder, diver, boat, oar, icebreaker, boat, deck.
Have you been to the sea? Who needs scuba gear, fins and a tank?
"Geologists". Key words: hammer, pickaxe, tent, mineral, diamond, gold.
"Room". Figure 42. (See color insert.) Key words: table, lamp on the table, ceiling, lampshade with a light bulb above the table, chair, armchair, floor, shelf, lilies of the valley on the shelf, ball under the chair. The cat is near the table. Mila is sitting in a chair, Slava and soldier Danil are at the table.
Names: Mila, Pavel, Volodya, Klava, Slava, Danil, Lusha.
"Football game". Key words: Pavel, Volodya, hit, played, football, broken glass, fragments.
What did Pavel and Volodya do? What's happened?
"For mushrooms". Key words: Christmas trees, waves, squirrel, Pavel, Mila, basket.
Give the children names that contain the sound [l]. What did the children take with them? What trees grow in the forest? ( IN Christmas trees grow in the forest.) Who is sitting on the Christmas tree? ( A squirrel sits on a Christmas tree.) What mushrooms grow near the Christmas tree? ( Waves grow near the Christmas tree.) Who hid behind the Christmas tree? ( A snake hid behind the tree.) What's under the tree? ( There is a stick under the tree.) Who jumped out from under the tree? ( A hare jumped out from under the tree.)
Where did Mila and Pavel go?
"Garden". Key words: scarecrow, vegetables, beets, onions, eggplant, sunflower, lettuce.
"Cloth". Key words: dress, scarf, tights, blouse, T-shirt, baseball cap, leggings, pullover. Cotton, patch, patch.
"Animal world". Key words: elk, fallow deer, wolf, she-wolf, cubs, jackal, raccoon, manul, squirrel, elephant, donkey, wild ass, goat, deer, weasel.
"Dishes". Key words: plate, fork, spoon, salt shaker, salad bowl.
"Fridge". "Products". Name the items in the refrigerator. What should not be in the refrigerator?
Key words: balyk, sausage, milk, sunflower oil, butter, lard, apples, eggplant, halva, marmalade, marshmallow, strawberry, salad, onion, onion, beet, blueberry, apple, strawberry, cherry plum, doll, pita bread.
What can you enjoy? What do the words mean? delicacy, feast on, tasty morsel?
Do you know these words? Creamery, creamery. What's happened glaze? What does the word mean slice? A large piece is a slice, and a small piece is a slice.
"Aquatic Animals" Key words: crested whale, sperm whale, serval, beluga whale, narwhal, minke whale, bottlenose whale, northern swimmer, manatee, llama, lobster, weasel, sunfish, beluga, beluga whale, tadpole.
"Deep - shallow." Who swims deeper than others?
"Birds". Key words: harrier, eagle, swallow, cormorant, pigeon, nightingale, capercaillie, woodpecker, jackdaw, oriole, falcon, nuthatch, harrier, coot, sea eagle, phalarope, warbler, flamingo, goldfinch.
"Everything for the home" store. Key words: needle, pin, broom (mother’s things).
"Tools". Key words: shovel, jigsaw, brace, crowbar, chisel, awl, saw, file, hammer (dad's things).
"Toys". Key words: doll, spinning top, wolf cub, Christmas tree, squirrel.
Say it kindly. Shovel - spatula, spatula. Needle - needle. Saw - file, nail file.
Dad bought himself a big shovel, and Lana bought a shovel. Little Volodya - a spatula.
"In the meadow." Key words: bells, bees. Pure sayings with the word bee.
- Bee, bee, where have you been?
- I flew to the meadow,
I collected honey there.
"Sporting goods store." Key words: fins, paddle, scuba gear, skis, poles, bicycle, motorcycle, baseball cap, T-shirt, ski suit.
Imagine that you are looking at products. Share your impressions with your mother. What would you like to buy for your sports activities? Tell me what you saw in the store.
"Sport". Key words: track cycling, cyclist, bicycle racing, basketball, volleyball, football, slalom, rock climber, swimmer.
"Ski trip." Key words: Christmas tree, squirrel, skis, skiers, track, sticks, Mikhail, Alla and Volodya, Christmas tree, squirrel's pantry, fell, stood up, went down, saw, looked, jumped, galloped, nibbled.
Where is the ski track? Where did the children put their skis and poles? ( Near the Christmas tree.)
"Rescuers". “Volodya is a rock climber.”
Key words: rock, rocks, rock climber Pavel, clouds, swallow, eagle, mountain goat, blue gorge, cave, stalactites, transcendental.
What two words are the word made up of? rock climber?
"School". Key words: school, pencil case, globe, class, atlas, paints.
"The sound is lost." What sound is lost in the word g...obus?
"The sound got lost." What sound has taken the wrong place? school?
Make sentences with words Lola, came out, came up, left, came, crossed over.
Word analysis school. Reading words.
"Zoo".
Imagine that you are in a zoo. What animals have the sound [l] in their names? Invite your friends to watch them. Look how big the elephant is! What an evil wolf!
Incorrect pronunciation of the sounds “l” and “r” hurts the ears of both adults and children. Timely speech therapy correction - correction of pronunciation in a light playful form, before the child’s self-esteem decreases due to the ridicule of children. Establishing the sound “l” occurs easily and quickly, provided that the problem is identified in a timely manner and parents understand how important the correct articulation of the sound “l” is both for the formation of speech and for the baby’s confidence.
Options for incorrect sound pronunciation
There are several versions of how the letter “l” is distorted when spoken:
- instead of the consonant letter “l”, a vowel is pronounced: “yozhka” - “spoon”, “ypsha” - “noodles”;
- replace “l” with “uva”: “hoteuva” - “wanted”, “euva” - “ate”;
- change to “r”: “rapsha” - “noodles”, “rumble” - “elbow”;
- instead of “l”, when you quickly exhale with puffed out cheeks, you hear “f”, with “n” coming out through the nose.
The child does not pronounce this sound for various reasons. And by the manner of pronunciation, you can understand the reason why it is difficult for him to say “l”, he cannot pronounce the letter.
Causes of impaired pronunciation of the sound l
There are several reasons when the pronunciation of “l” is not formed or is broken:
- The baby has not yet learned to say this sound and he simply skips it: for example, “even” instead of “rain.” At the age of 4-5 years, children have already mastered it, and by the age of 6, the child can no longer just talk, but can already differentiate a hard sound from a soft one;
- interdental pronunciation is characterized by incorrect positioning of the tongue, although acoustically it appears clearly;
- bilabial pronunciation: the tongue lies on the “bottom”, which is characteristic of the sound of the English language. This happens when a child has to communicate in several languages in the family;
- a mobile lower lip and a relaxed tongue - it turns out “v” instead of “l”: “development” - “fork”;
In these cases, articulation disorders are explained by an incorrect pronunciation algorithm, namely, the position of the tongue is not formed. There are also violations when differentiation is impaired due to improper breathing, incorrect position of the tip of the tongue, its middle:
- sound formation occurs through the lips, not the tongue;
- the tip of the tongue goes down instead of resting on the incisors;
- the middle of the tongue is raised, and the tip of the tongue is lowered, but the opposite is necessary.
The described disorders are due to the characteristics of the articulatory apparatus. In these cases, automating the correct sound l will take literally a couple of sessions with a speech therapist. You can also quickly deal with this at home. If the production of sounds occurs when associated with organic, functional disorders of the central nervous system, a phased systemic production and automation of the sound of l is necessary.
Setting the sound l
Before starting classes, the child must be explained in detail and shown how to pronounce the sound correctly. In this case, a speech therapist or parent must show the child how the articulatory apparatus should work correctly; visual materials can also be used.
Articulation of the sound l
Correct articulation of the sound l: the sharp tongue is raised by the upper teeth, resting on the alvioles (tubercles on the palate located behind the upper teeth). The shape of the tongue in this case resembles a saddle, the air comes out along the edges of the tongue.
Articulation gymnastics for the sound l
There are several ways to produce the sound l, among which the first place is occupied by the formation of the sound l. The child will like it due to the fun articular exercises:
- blow soap bubbles, blow on candles, boats on the water;
- “boat”: a relaxed wide tongue should be placed on the lower lip and try to form a boat out of it without lifting it;
- “snake”: stretch your lips, as if in a smile, and extend your sharp, hard tongue forward;
- “the longest tongue”: stick it out as far as possible and try to reach either the chin, the tip of the nose, or the cheeks;
- “horse”: open your mouth, touch your tongue between the upper incisors and tap there so that you get the clatter of horse hooves;
- “turkey”: open your mouth, relax your lips and use your tongue to stroke your upper lip with your tongue moving from top to bottom, saying “bl.”
There are many videos on how to do these exercises to prepare for the sound L. Classes for preschoolers are held in a relaxed atmosphere 1-2 times a day.
Automation of sound L
Before you start teaching your child to pronounce the letter L, it is necessary to warm up with articulatory gymnastics. This will prepare the speech apparatus for work, tones the tongue, lips and cheeks. In essence, gymnastics are speech therapy exercises for producing isolated sound.
We offer a summary of lessons on automating the sound L in syllables and sentences, which will help mothers organize this process at home. Also, riddles about the letter L stimulate isolated sound pronunciation, since the answer is L itself. As soon as the child has learned to pronounce L in isolation, move on to automating the sound L in straight syllables.
If the child does not yet read on his own, first pronounce it yourself, and then offer the child:
And after mastering, in reverse syllables:
The next stage is the automation of L in words. The following sequence must be followed:
- sound at the end of a word: floor, hall, corner, channel, knocked, pinched;
- sound in the middle of a word: wolf, push, pity, jackdaw, violet, volcano, hairpin, mower;
- the sound is paired with consonants: flag, club, flame, block, flag, globe, planet, notepad;
- one word contains 2 sounds: swam, weeded, climbed, broke, swallowed, cried, threshed, bell.
In order to put a sound in words and phrases, you must first master hard pronunciation, because when softening it is harder to pronounce the sound.
After mastering L in words, they master sound in phrases and sentences:
ripe strawberries, a tin soldier, a broken saw;
conjugate sentences by first speaking phrases in the first person, then in the plural person and in the third person: “I broke the bike - We broke the bike - She broke the bike.”
Then we read and learn poems starting with the letter L. In special poems, sound occurs in almost every word.
When reading and repeating rhymes, you should pronounce the words measuredly, slowly, so that the child pronounces the sound clearly. It is necessary to speed up speech in tongue twisters and riddles. For example, “Here is a cheerful bun rolling like a ball.” Or “Polkan pushed the stick with his paw.”
Games to strengthen pronunciation
The game form of speech therapy classes allows you to awaken the child’s interest and get carried away by the process. Here are examples of games to reinforce the pronunciation of L:
- “Tracks”: a large letter L is written on a piece of paper and wavy paths from it to objects that begin with this sound. The child needs to place his finger on the letter and lead along a line from it, pronouncing the sound all the time, and at the end name the object.
- “Koloboks”: you need to make a figurine of a fox and 10 koloboks, as well as pictures with words containing the letter L in different parts of the word. If the baby correctly names the word from the picture and clearly pronounces the sound L, then the bun runs away from the fox; if not, she eats it.
- “Object pictures”: prepare pictures with words from l and ask the child to name the image and then find the required object. For example: show me the chair, show me the apple.
Structure of an individual speech therapy session
A methodically correct sequence and duration of each exercise is the key to quickly mastering the sound L. An important condition is that the child does not get tired. To do this, adhere to the following time frame:
- Gymnastics for the articulatory apparatus - no more than 7 minutes.
- Sound production and automation - 10-15 minutes. Of these, the first 5 minutes are repeated from previous lessons, and the rest of the time is devoted to new syllables, words, and sentences.
- Phonemic work on consolidation - 10 minutes.
Children 4-5 years old should be trained for up to 20 minutes daily. With older children - half an hour.
The time frame should not be strict, since on some days the baby may get tired faster, and on others he may want to study longer. If your child has difficulty maintaining attention, offer to do the exercises in parallel with other activities. For example, a special coloring book with the letter L, in which the baby will paint it over and repeat the syllables after his mother.