How to care for a begonia houseplant. Queen of indoor plants begonia - home care

Indoor begonias are distinguished by a huge variety of types and forms.

Tuberous ones are considered the most beautiful, as they bloom with bright, luxurious flowers. Deciduous varieties do not bloom, but they have decorative foliage that enlivens any room.

In nature, most begonias live in tropical and subtropical zones, preferring damp, shady areas. Some species grow on rocky areas, mountain slopes or dry lands.

Begonia: care and cultivation at home during the growing season

How to care for begonia at home? Growing indoor begonia flowers at all not difficult, because these plants are not at all capricious and quite resilient. However, by creating the most optimal conditions for their development, you contribute to their fullest flowering.

Watering

How to properly water begonia at home? How often should I do this?

Moderation and caution- the main principles of watering begonias. Dry soil and a constant lack of moisture are no less destructive than persistent soil dampness.

Therefore, you need to water the plants only after the soil has dried 1-1.5 centimeters deep. You definitely need good drainage in the pot to prevent water from stagnating in the container.

You can pour water only at the root, being careful not to splash the leaves and flowers. Otherwise, they will become covered with ugly brown specks.

Air humidity.

Is it possible to spray begonia with water? Guest from the tropics loves humid air very much. However, spraying it is not recommended.

Therefore, other methods of increasing humidity should be used.

Pot of begonia can be wrapped in a layer of damp moss or placed on a stand filled with wet stones such as pebbles and expanded clay.

Near the plant Many people put an open bowl of water or use special humidifiers. As a last resort, you can simply spray the air around the flower without getting on the leaves.

Top dressing

This plant is completely I don’t mind additional nutrition, but you shouldn’t overdo it. Fertilizers for begonias are applied every 12-15 days.

For flowering species You can use mineral complexes with a reduced amount of nitrogen. To grow lush, they require, first of all, potassium and phosphorus.

Decorative foliage Begonias, on the other hand, need nitrogen, which helps develop beautiful foliage. Such varieties are suitable for alternating organic matter with mineral fertilizers.

Temperature

The tropical resident feels great in the warmth and can easily tolerate the heat. Optimal temperature- 23-26°.

Light mode

A very important factor For the full development of begonias, proper lighting is key.

If there is too much light- The green parts and flowers will become covered with necrotic areas due to sunburn.

With a lack of sunshine the leaves will lose their brightness and richness of color, and you may not wait for flowering at all.

Ideally begonia should be located on the windowsill of the eastern or western window. Here the flower will be protected from the aggressive rays of the daytime sun.

When placing the pot on the south side, you should place it some distance from the window or cover it with a curtain at noon.

Lifespan

The lifespan largely depends on the correct cultivation of the plant.

On average it is 1.7-2.5 years. After this, it is recommended to rejuvenate the begonia.

Growth rate

Young plants take a very long time to develop. Seeds germinate in about 13-17 days.

From the moment of germination to the appearance of the first flower, at least 3 months pass. After this, growth accelerates, begonia begins to branch, forming more and more new shoots.





Features of care in winter

Begonia flowers: and in the fall, what are the features of caring for it indoors, how to preserve it and what to do with the plant before wintering?

All types of plants divided into 3 groups according to behavior in winter:

1. All leaves and stems fall off, new ones form in the spring. This rhythm is characteristic of tuberous begonias.
2. Plants go into hibernation. They keep the foliage intact, but during rest they stop developing.
3. Evergreen and constantly growing bushes that are indifferent to the changing seasons.

Care depends on which group indoor begonia belongs to. Evergreens need the same intensive care as in summer. They don't need to change their lifestyle.

Tuberous species they shed their leaves and need complete rest for 90-100 days. The tubers must be placed in slightly damp peat or river sand. The container is placed in a dark, cool place where the temperature is kept between 11-14°. To prevent the tubers from drying out, they are occasionally watered with cool water (about once every 3-4 weeks).

The second group of begonias causes the most trouble. It is she who deserves special attention.

Watering begonias in winter

The number of procedures should be greatly reduced, observing the break between them is 6-8 days.

Begonia is a tropical plant that is quite widespread in indoor floriculture. Caring for it is quite simple, as with similar flowers from tropical latitudes, and when flowering, Begonia bushes invariably decorate any flower beds, window sills, home and public greenhouses.

First of all, the variety of species of this plant is striking, which in skillful hands allows you to create colorful and unique flower arrangements, giving preference to only one type of plant.

Begonia has become known to man for a long time. That is why it has an interesting history of discovery, and many legends and beliefs of different nationalities are associated with this flower. It is not used everywhere as a decoration, but was often used as a medicine or even mystical qualities were attributed to it.

Botanical description

Begonias are annual and perennial plants that are very widespread in home floriculture. Various species can be herbs, shrubs (sometimes climbing), and subshrubs. The root system is most often branched, but in some varieties it is tuberous.

Basically, the leaves are the main feature for which Begonia is loved. They often have a beautiful and unique color and are located asymmetrically on the stem.

Flowers are formed unisexual, plants are monoecious. The ripening fruit is a capsule with small cracks on the sides.

Which family does it belong to?

Begonia belongs to the Begonia family. Today, about 1,600 different species of this flower are known (some sources call more than 2,000 wild varieties).

In indoor floriculture, Begonia hybrids are mainly used. More than 2000 of them have been bred. As a rule, hybrids are characterized by better tolerance to a temperate climate, sudden temperature changes and lower humidity (than in their natural habitat - the tropics).

Plant structure

Roots

The diversity of Begonia species suggests that even in the structure of the root there can be serious differences. Thus, it is customary to divide Begonias with the formation of a tuber and the usual branching of the root.

In the first case, plants are better adapted to the lack of moisture, since they are able to store enough nutrients and water in the tuber. In the second, the flower will be more whimsical. But most of the flowering varieties have a branched root, which ensures better absorption of all nutrients from the soil and, as a result, much more attractive flowering.

Interesting! It is known that Begonia roots love loose soil, as they need air for normal growth. That is why experienced gardeners prefer to loosen the top layer of soil 1-2 cm deep at least once a year, even in pots and flowerpots.

Leaves

On Begonias, as a rule, large and fleshy leaves with a large number of veins are formed. They are located asymmetrically on the stem. Due to their relatively large size, they create the impression of a dense, bushy structure of the entire flower.

Leaf blades can differ significantly from one species to another. Some grow straight leaves. Others have a jagged border pattern. Some varieties form uneven, twisted plates.

The color of Begonia leaves can also be completely different. There are varieties with a regular green color. There are species with purple and red patterns. Variegated multi-colored leaf blades (with two or more colors) are considered especially exquisite. They are widely used in ornamental cultivation.

Flowers

Begonia inflorescences are complex panicles consisting of several flowers. Male flowers are often more brightly colored, but less lush. Females have more petals, but most often they are shorter in length.

Naturally, the huge variety of Begonia species is reflected in the great differences in color. Varieties with large flowers or panicles have been bred from a large number of small flowers. The differences relate to the structure of the petals (double, smooth) and, of course, their color.

Note! Tuberous Begonias, predominantly of all types, form a large flower with a diameter of 6 to 20 cm. And varieties that bloom all year round form a large number of flowers 1-3 cm in diameter, but during the flowering period they are literally completely covered with them.

Fruit

In temperate climates, Begonias are grown for their flowers. It can be very difficult to achieve fruiting. To do this, you need to maintain high temperatures for almost the entire flowering period and sufficiently moisten the plant.

Begonia fruits are a small box with three nests and barely visible cracks on the sides. They contain many small seeds, which, as they ripen, increase in size until the capsule bursts and the seeds fall into the soil.

The natural habitat of most Begonia species is humid and hot tropical forests. Therefore, in the wild, the flower can be found in the equatorial belt of Africa, Asia, and South America.

However, today there are also some species known that grow in mountainous areas, on plains and in savannas.

It is believed that the name Begonia was given by a monk traveler, who thus decided to perpetuate the name of one of the governors of that time (Michel Begon from the island of Tahiti), who paid for the entire expedition.

The open plant at that moment was called the royal flower. Apparently, the determining role in this name was played by such characteristics as the rich diversity of discovered species and amazing livability in different conditions.

It was this good survival rate that played a role later, when Begonia began to be bred en masse in indoor floriculture. It is known that most domesticated varieties of this flower are bred from those species that grow in the Antilles.

Many types of Begonia are well suited for growing in Russia not only indoors, but also in outdoor gardens and greenhouses. Despite this, there are specially bred varieties that are particularly resistant to cold and dry air.

Legends about the flower and interesting facts

Begonia is a very common flowering plant in the world. It has been known to man for a long time and is widely used not only as a decoration for homes and gardens, but also as a medicine or seasoning.

• In the Himalayas, among small ethnic groups, the secrets of preparing food seasonings from Begonia are passed on from generation to generation. It is also used to treat migraines.
• In China, they believe that Begonia appears on earth in the place where the tears of a woman in love fall.
• In Belgium, Begonia is used for flower festivals. Entire living pictures are grown from bushes: castles, fairy-tale scenes, etc.

Evidence that Begonia has been widespread in Russia since the beginning of the 19th century is the fact that another name for this flower has taken root among the people - “Napoleon’s ear”.

Most likely, sharp-tongued people named Begonia this way because of the inner side of the leaves of some varieties of the flower, which resemble the red tint and wrinkling of a frostbitten ear.

Types and varieties of flowers

It is known that Begonia has up to 1,600 different species in the wild, which sometimes have significant differences from each other in flowering, the shape of shoots, and roots.

For example, it is customary to distinguish between tuberous Begonias and those with creeping roots, thick or woody shoots, and bush varieties.

Not all species found in the wild are used for domestic breeding. For Russia, their own varieties are developed, which are sometimes distinguished by particularly strong immunity and resistance to low temperatures or sudden changes in humidity.

Begonia tuberous

This variety is preferred quite often. The reason is large double flowers of amazing beauty, very reminiscent of noble roses in shape and color.

The tuberous structure of the root provides the bush with a supply of necessary substances, and also forms resistance to unfavorable environmental conditions.

A bushy type of Begonia that, when grown indoors, can bloom all year round. Obviously, it is for this quality that such varieties are chosen.

The flowers of this species are not the most attractive: they are small, but frequent. But the leaves, as a rule, arouse genuine interest. Very often they are variegated, two-color, with a unique pattern on the outer plate.

Begonia Elatior

A special variety that blooms in the cold season - often in late autumn, less often - in December and January. Actually, this variety is valued for this quality - very few flowers bloom quietly in winter.

Therefore, much is forgiven to the Elatior variety. For example, it forms very frail shoots that need to be further strengthened and fixed. Begonia Elatior often requires additional illumination with artificial light and additional humidification of the air in the room for the entire flowering period.

Plant care and necessary growing conditions

In general, all Begonia care should be reduced to maintaining high humidity (maybe even more than normal) and normal lighting, but without direct sun exposure to the leaves and flowers. That is, you need to care for these flowers in the same way as any other from the tropical zone of the planet.

All Begonias are usually divided into flowering varieties (they form beautiful flowers) and decorative deciduous varieties (they bloom unremarkably, but are distinguished by unique leaves in shape and color). Accordingly, all these types require slightly different care.

Lighting

All Begonias love light. But in all cases he must be absent-minded. Of course, today especially resistant varieties have already been bred that can withstand direct exposure to even too hot sun. But for the most part, many varieties will wilt quickly in the sun.

Therefore, it is important to remember that flowering species should be well lit, but be sure to be protected from direct sun. And decorative deciduous plants should generally be in partial shade.

Temperature

Begonias love warmth, and this is the main idea that should be followed when choosing a permanent place for this flower.

In summer, the optimal temperature background is considered to be +24-25 o C, but higher is possible. The main thing is to sufficiently moisten the air and the surface of the plant if the weather is very hot.

In winter, during Begonia’s “hibernation,” you should not significantly lower the temperature around it. Recommended range: +14-18С o. If it gets colder, the flower may die quickly.

Watering and moistening

Maintaining humidity is the most important aspect of caring for Begonias. It is important to use settled water and always at room temperature.

In summer, the flower can be watered daily. During extreme heat, frequent spraying of the entire above-ground part from a spray bottle is added (up to 1-2 times a day). But it is important to remember that any falling drops should be removed from all flowers, otherwise the petals may quickly fall off.

In winter, Begonias are watered moderately and spraying is completely avoided. It is enough to moisten the soil 1-2 times a week.

Priming

The soil for Begonias should be nutritious, rich in micro and macroelements. A purchased mixture is suitable for decorative deciduous and begonias.

When preparing yourself, you need to take in equal parts turf soil, peat and black soil. And don’t forget about good drainage at the bottom of the pot - the soil should easily allow air and excess moisture to pass through.

Conclusion

Begonias have become so widespread in indoor floriculture for a reason. Despite its toxicity (the sap of the plant is considered dangerous), many gardeners invariably give preference to this unusual and amazingly beautiful flower.

Perhaps what is most attractive is the plant's unpretentiousness. Begonias really endure many unfavorable factors. Alternatively, the plant has spread widely due to its enormous diversity of species. In skillful hands, a home greenhouse consisting only of Begonias, but of different varieties, will definitely be able to impress any guest.

Begonia is a whole genus of plants that differ from each other in the shape of stems and leaves, as well as the color and size of the flowers. In total, there are more than one and a half thousand species of this plant.

Types of begonias

Now in the world there are a great many varieties of this flower. In horticulture and floriculture, about 125 species and hybrid forms are used for decorative purposes. Conventionally, there are 4 large groups of begonias: tuberous, decorative deciduous, shrubby, flowering.

Tuberous

Picoti Harlequin

As the name implies, this variety is distinguished by the ability of the rhizome to form tubers on the side shoots. The stems are fleshy and grow up to 0.8 – 1.3 m. Tuberous begonias are both herbaceous and shrubby.

The inflorescences are simple, double, and resemble other flowers in appearance. For example, rose or camellia. The leaves of the tuberous begonia are shaped like a heart. The color of the plates is always green, but differs in its shade. Tuberous begonia blooms for a long time: from late spring to mid-autumn.

Tuberous plants include: Picoti Harlequin, Bouton de Rose, Dark Red, etc.

Decorative foliage

Plants of this variety of begonia most often have the form of a lush bush, but can also be tree-like. The leaves are brightly colored and varied in shape, the flowers are small and inconspicuous.

This group includes: Royal, Metallic, Tiger Begonia, etc.

Bush

Plants of this variety have the appearance of a bush with stems resembling bamboo. The leaf blades also differ in shape and shade of color. Bush begonia blooms all year round. The roots of this variety are thick and fleshy, and cannot be divided.

Bush ones include: Coral, Fuchsia begonia, etc.

Beautifully flowering

Elatior

Plants with beautiful flowers of unusual shapes and very different colors are conventionally called beautifully flowering.

Beautifully flowering ones include: Ever-blooming begonia, Baby Wing, Ambassador, Elatior, etc.

Caring for begonias after purchase

After purchasing a new flower in a store, you need to perform several steps that will help the plant survive the stress of changing location.

Firstly, the flower pot must be immediately placed in the correct place. The choice depends on the time of year when the plant was purchased.

In winter or autumn, the pot should be placed on the east or west side. In spring and summer - on the north window. The main thing during the acclimatization period is to avoid direct sunlight on the flower. Otherwise, your new pet's leaves will turn yellow.

Secondly, make sure that the plant is not in a draft.

Third, in the first days the purchased flower does not need to be watered. If the soil in the pot is completely dry, place it on a tray with water or wet peat.

Fourth, replanting a plant should be done only as a last resort. If the begonia blooms, then replanting should be done only after flowering has ended.

Fifthly, place the flower in quarantine. The fact is that after purchase there is a risk of contracting diseases. In order not to put other plants at risk, the flower should stand alone for a couple of weeks.

Growing conditions

Despite the fact that the homeland of begonia is the tropics, the flower takes root well in northern latitudes. In order for a plant to delight you with its lush flowering, it is enough to provide it with the necessary conditions.

Temperature

Begonia does not tolerate extreme temperatures and prefers moderate heat. The ideal temperature for flower growth is 15-22 degrees. During the dormant period, the plant can be moved to cooler places, but not lower than 13 degrees.

In addition, you cannot change the temperature suddenly. If you move a pot with a plant to another room, then ensure a gradual change in temperature.

Air humidity

The optimal air humidity during the growing season is at least 60%. If the air in the room is too dry, you can place a saucer of water next to the flower or put wet stones in a tray. By the way, this way the plant will look more advantageous.

Remember that the plant does not need to be sprayed with water from a spray bottle. This can cause them to rot.

Lighting

Begonia is a light-loving plant

In order for begonia to grow better, it needs to be provided with a sufficient amount of light. In this case, direct sunlight should not be allowed. To protect the plant from ultraviolet radiation, the flower is shaded in hot weather. The simplest solution is to cover the windows with plain white paper.

Choosing a place to put it

Decorative deciduous begonia is best placed in partial shade. The beautiful flowering plant will feel good even with more light.

IMPORTANT! If your windows do not face west or east, then a flower pot can be placed on a table at the back of the room. This way you will protect the plant from the scorching sun and at the same time provide it with enough light.

What does it look like in the interior?

Begonia is distinguished by many shades of its flowers. Therefore, this plant is ideal for interior decoration. Begonia of the same shade with the dominant color of the room looks especially advantageous.

Begonia in the interior of the room

Flowering conditions

Begonia begins to bloom in spring and ends in late autumn; in good conditions, it continues to form flowering clusters in winter.

The conditions for flowering the plant are simple:

• Sufficient amount of light;
• Humidity not lower than 60%;
• Moderate temperature 20 – 22 degrees;
• Timely feeding;
• No drafts.

Transfer

This flower is transplanted in the following cases:

• The plant is cramped in the existing pot. Any flower must be regularly replanted as it grows, otherwise it is fraught with disease and lack of flowering.
• The plant was "flooded". If you have poured too much water into the pot, then to save the flower you must replant it. Otherwise, the roots will begin to rot and it will die.
• Bad soil. Sometimes store-bought soil may be contaminated with diseases and pests or may not contain the right amount of nutrients. If you notice that your pet begins to feel unwell, but there are no apparent reasons for this, then the plant needs to be replanted. To do this, be sure to use new high-quality soil; begonias love loose, slightly acidic soils

Before you start replanting, you need to choose the right soil. If the store does not have a specialized mixture, then you can use universal soil. The main thing is that it is based on peat.

Having dealt with the soil, select a pot or flowerpot according to size. It should be a few cm larger than the diameter of the previous pot.

First of all, be sure to lay the drainage. You can use small stones for this. Also now special expanded clay is sold in stores.

After this, place the plant in a new pot and cover it with soil.

IMPORTANT! There is no need to compact the soil. Begonia loves loose soil.

Begonia transplant

Landing

Begonias should be planted in early March.

Firstly, the plant has not yet begun to bloom.

Secondly, the amount of sunlight at this time of year is already enough for the plant to begin to grow.

INTERESTING. Tuberous begonia has one feature: before planting, it needs to be germinated in moist peat. . The temperature should not be higher than 18 degrees.

Reproduction

Begonia reproduces well. Therefore, having bought one plant, after a while you can get several flowers.

There are 4 ways to propagate begonia plants:

1. By cuttings.
2. Sheets.
3. By dividing the tuber.
4. Seeds.

The most popular and effective methods are propagation by cuttings and leaves. Propagation by tubers requires a certain skill and experience. If you make a mistake, you may not only not get new plants, but also lose an existing flower.

The plant is propagated by seeds only in the most extreme cases. This method is too long and unreliable.

Propagation of begonias by leaves

Is pruning necessary?

The plant needs to be pruned regularly.

Firstly, this is a way to form a beautiful bush.

Secondly, by pruning you rejuvenate the plant. Removing old branches stimulates the growth of new shoots.

Third, removing excess shoots makes the remaining stems healthier.

The method of pruning the flower varies greatly depending on the species. For example, from bush varieties, long and thin shoots are removed to create a rounded shape. The tops of ampelous varieties are trimmed. Ever-blooming begonias need to be pinched back regularly. Tuberous begonias are completely pruned annually in mid-October. From old, non-woody stems, it is necessary to leave sprouts no larger than 2 cm.

Rejuvenation

Proper pruning of a flower is the key to rejuvenation of your pet.

After trimming, the cut areas need to be treated with ash or crushed activated carbon. It is also necessary to reduce the frequency and abundance of watering. After the side shoots grow to about 10 cm, they are pinched. Then old and dried shoots, as well as leaves, are cut out.

IMPORTANT! Begonia should be pruned with a sharp utility knife. In this case, the cut will be neat. Scissors or a dull knife damage the plant tissue, which can lead to plant disease.

Annually carrying out such pruning and pinching rejuvenates the begonia and allows it to maintain an attractive appearance for many years.

Watering

The frequency and abundance of watering depends on the time of year. In summer, the plant needs to be watered approximately once every 3 days.

When the earthen ball dries out, it is better not to increase the frequency of watering, but to place containers of water next to the plant or spray it indoors. It all depends on the condition of the soil in the pot. If the soil is still moist, then there is no need to water the flower.

In winter, you need to water the plant less often, once every 7 days. Tuberous begonias are watered even less frequently.

The best way to water a plant is to pour water into a tray and wait until the soil in the pot becomes damp.

IMPORTANT! You need to water the flower with settled water. Ideally, filtered and softened with peat. To do this, peat is soaked in an amount of 1 kg per 10 liters, the resulting liquid is used to moisten the soil.

Top dressing

Feeding for begonias

The first fertilizing should be done when the first buds appear on the plant. This way the flowering will be more luxuriant and longer.

However, fertilizers must be applied with caution. It is best to use complex products with a weak concentration of nutrients. Feeding is carried out regularly until the end of flowering.

IMPORTANT! Flowering begonia should not be fed with fertilizers high in nitrogen because the plant will drop its buds.

Different varieties

Currently, hundreds of varieties and varieties of begonia are known. Here are 5 of the most beautiful and popular among them.

Royal begonia It has round or oval leaves with serrated edges. The length of the leaf blade is about 25-30 cm. The color is dark red, purple with a light border.

Tiger begonia It is distinguished by small heart-shaped leaves with a dark pattern. The edges of the leaf blades are decorated with teeth.

Tiger begonia

Cleopatra- a type of begonia with leaves that look like maple. The plates are different shades of green on top and red on the bottom. The main feature of this plant variety is the cuttings. They are long, fleshy and covered with light hairs. Cleopatra blooms in the first months of the year.

Red leaf begonia has short thick stems and round leaves. The leaf blades are green on top and bright red underneath.

Bouton de Rose- This is a plant in the form of a small bush with large leaves. The edges of the leaf blades are wavy. The flowers of this species are double and resemble roses in appearance.

Bouton de Rose

Diseases and pests

Like many other plants, begonia suffers from diseases and insects.

Most often this happens due to improper care of the plant. Ultraviolet radiation, cold and excessive watering weaken the flower. The leaves become limp, the flowers fade and quickly fall off.

It is much worse if the begonia is infected with bacterial, fungal or viral diseases: gray rot, powdery mildew, cucumber mosaic, black root rot, etc. In this case, the plant can only be saved by timely removal of the affected parts and treatment with special-action compounds.

Among the pests, begonia most often falls victim to scale insects, whiteflies, spider mites, thrips and aphids. Insecticides and soap solution help against pests.

To prevent diseases, it is necessary to carry out timely inspection of plants.

IMPORTANT! If you notice insects on a begonia or find leaves affected by fungus, the flower should be isolated immediately. This is done so as not to infect neighboring plants. You can return the begonia to its original place only after making sure that the danger has completely passed.

How to resuscitate?

Sometimes it happens that begonia does not bloom even in ideal conditions. In this case, the following set of measures can help.

1. Perform pinching of the “tops”. This action is aimed at preventing the plant from wasting its energy on growing shoots.
2. Reduce daylight hours to 9 hours for 2 weeks. There is no need to move the plant; just cover it with a dark cloth. Thanks to this action, the growth of buds is activated. If the procedure does not help, try increasing the daylight hours to 18 hours; to do this, illuminate the plant at night.
3. Apply a complex nitrogen-free fertilizer. This will stimulate the development of flowers.

After these measures, the flowering of begonia will be abundant and long.

Blooming begonia

Common mistakes

1. Watering too often. A large amount of water leads to rotting of the roots and death of the flower.
2. Bad soil. Begonias need loose soil. Otherwise, the roots will not “breathe” and the water will stagnate.
3. Insufficient or irregular feeding. If there is insufficient amount of minerals, begonia stops blooming.
4. The required air humidity is not provided. Dryness causes foliage to dry out.
5. The temperature regime is not maintained. Begonia can die from cold, as well as from scorching heat.

Answers to popular questions

Begonia has stopped blooming, what happened?

Most likely, you are feeding the flower incorrectly or irregularly. For lush and long-lasting flowering, the plant needs to regularly receive nutrients.

The leaves of the begonia have turned yellow (pale), what should I do?

The change in color of leaf blades is associated with the amount of light and temperature. Make sure that the flower pot is not in the shade in a too cool place.

Strange white (gray) spots have appeared on the leaves of the begonia, what is it?

Begonia leaves become mottled (become shiny and sticky) due to disease or pests. If you notice such changes, the plant should be quarantined and treated with bactericidal and insecticidal agents, a solution of laundry soap or ash.

Conclusion

Growing begonia is not difficult. You just need to follow simple rules of care: warmth, light and timely feeding and watering. The most important thing is to make sure that your pet is not exposed to the negative effects of drafts and ultraviolet radiation.

An unpretentious flower that came to our homes and gardens from the distant tropics has attracted the attention of millions of gardeners. Caring for begonia at home is not difficult and is accessible to everyone. The original shape of the leaves, various types of inflorescences, tall and low-lying versions - all this is a majestic begonia. With her beauty she charmed more than one generation of men and women.

Today, about 1000 of its species and ornamental varieties are known, as well as 2000 bred hybrids.

Pleasant meeting the queen of the tropics

Among the huge number of species and classifications of begonia, the main ones can be noted:

• deciduous varieties;
• flowering species;
• deciduous;
• evergreen;
• tall;
• creeping begonias on the ground;
• with tuberous roots;
• with strong rhizomes;
• perennial varieties;
• annual species;
• street options;
• indoor begonias.

Each plant has beautiful unusual leaves. Large and small, green and red, glossy and velvet, plain and patterned. Most of them resemble maple or palm leaves, which makes the flower original.

The shapes of the leaf plates are no less attractive. Some of them are large, like burdocks or African elephant ears. Others are round, resembling glossy plates. There are varieties whose leaves are dissected at the edges, which creates the appearance of asymmetry.

The main vein of the leaf divides it in half into two different parts. That's why they always have a weird shape. The leaves sit on the stem in the form of a mosaic. This allows them not to obscure each other from the main light source.

The upper part of the leaf blade is most often green. Depending on the variety, gradation of shades is allowed. The back side of the leaf is colored red, purple or brown.

The delicate hairs on the stem and leaves of the plant look royal. They are painted scarlet or green, white or bronze. Thanks to this, begonia has a delicate and velvety appearance that you want to touch.

Intricate patterns, various spots or strokes give the leaves their originality. Sometimes it seems that the leaves are the flowers of the decorative begonia.

To prevent the leaves from losing their pristine beauty, you should not spray them. When drops of water get on them, stains appear. Subsequently, the leaf dies.

In fact, when the plant blooms, you understand that the leaves are just a prelude to the lush decoration. Begonia inflorescences delight the eye with the following colors:

• scarlet and deep red;
• snow-white and milky;
• pink and soft lilac;
• dazzling yellow and orange.

In addition, these cute bouquets exude a pleasant aroma. When the plant fades, miniature boxes appear on the stems, containing seeds. Ripe “containers” crack and fly apart. Thanks to this, the earth is filled with new flowers.

As practice shows, begonia has spread throughout the entire earth and has taken root well in mid-latitudes. Since its main place of residence is living space, it is important to properly care for it.

Simple rules for caring for begonia

The houses in which tropical beauties find their refuge resemble a haven of pleasure. They constantly delight the eyes of household members with lush greenery or the charm of flowers. Without proper attention to the plant, this cannot be achieved. By following simple rules for caring for begonias at home, you can create a piece of paradise in your own home.

A guest from the tropics does not require special attention, but the main principles must be followed.

Sufficient light

Since the homeland of the queen of indoor plants is the tropics, she constantly needs lighting. If there is not enough of it, the plant will lose its decorative effect. At the same time, it is important that it be of an absent-minded nature. Bright rays of light often cause burn marks on the leaves. To create comfortable light conditions, it is recommended to place begonias in shaded areas of the house.

To create a beautiful crown, the pot can be periodically exposed to the light.

Optimal air humidity

When the question arises: how to care for begonias, adjusting the humidity in the room is not the last thing. This plant needs high air humidity, but not by spraying.

To solve the problem, you can make the following design. Place the pot with the plant on a small stand. Then it is placed on a wide pallet, which is lined with expanded clay around the edges (moss can also be used). After this, it must be regularly moistened for evaporation to occur. As a result, begonia receives its dose of moisture.

Proper watering

To ensure proper care of begonias, you should take into account the weather and watering. Although it originally grew in the tropics, where there is a lot of rainfall, it should not be overwatered.

To avoid overflowing, drainage is poured into the bottom of the container in which the begonia is planted. Thus, excess liquid comes out freely. It is important to ensure that water does not stagnate in the pan.

It is better to water begonia with clean, settled liquid. It is recommended to repeat the operation as the top layer of soil dries.

It is wise to adhere to the following watering scheme for begonias:

1. During the summer months, water the plant deeply twice a week.
2. When there is intense heat outside, moisten the soil every day.
3. In autumn (starting from October) - as the upper part of the soil dries out.
4. In winter, the plant does not need abundant moisture. Only as needed.
5. With the beginning of spring, the volume of watering should be gradually increased to stimulate plant growth.

It is advisable to act in accordance with the needs of begonia, taking into account its type and flowering period.

Regular feeding

To ensure that begonia flowers are always juicy, you need to feed them regularly. There are special fertilizers for this.

As soon as begonia begins to bloom, it requires feeding. Therefore, once every 14 days the soil is enriched with useful minerals.

If the composition of the chemical fertilizer includes, it is used for deciduous species of begonia.

Creating lush bushes

An exotic guest from the tropics almost always looks flawless. However, in some cases it loses its decorative effect. To correct this flaw, it is recommended to prune the plant. Cuts are made at a height of about 5 cm from the edge of the vase. Thanks to this, the lateral buds come to life and begin to actively develop.

It is advisable to trim branches with a sharp knife so as not to damage the begonia inflorescences.

Tender care for flowers

Most often, you can enjoy blooming begonia in the summer, on bright sunny days. Only some varieties bloom all year round. Therefore, caring gardeners, during this period, try to take gentle care of the flowers. To prevent the plant from becoming depleted, some of the buds are torn off. As a result, the plant gets sick less. Having looked at the begonia flowers in the photo, you can imagine what a pleasure it is to take care of such a plant.

By applying these simple rules for caring for begonias, you involuntarily receive a lot of positive emotions. But what will help you grow such a queen of the tropics at home? Reasonable advice from flower growers.

Growing begonia at home

Before planting begonia at home, you need to choose a suitable container. The best option is ceramic pots. They should be slightly larger than the root system of the plant by 4 cm. If the container is too spacious, the plant may suffer from excess moisture. As a result, the flowering period is disrupted.

You can buy ready-made soil or prepare it yourself. Take some leaf soil, add sand and humus. Plant the plant in the prepared mixture.

In order for growing and caring for begonia at home to bring worthy results, it is important, first, to plant it correctly.

Drainage is placed at the bottom of the prepared container. The next layer (3 cm) is charcoal, which serves as a means of protection against rot. Then the plant is placed here with a small amount of soil. The resulting voids are filled with prepared soil. After this, the begonia is watered abundantly.

It is advisable to plant the plant in mid-March. Just at this time there is enough light for young begonias.

— queens of the tropics first germinate in trays without burying them in the soil. They are placed in well-lit rooms at a temperature of at least 16 degrees and high humidity. When the plant takes root, it is planted in a permanent place in early spring.

It is also important to know how to replant correctly. As it grows and takes root, it becomes necessary to move it to another pot. To do this, first, the soil is generously filled with water so that the plant can be freely removed from there. It is better to replant it the next day so that the soil is not wet, but slightly damp.

When the plant is already in a new pot, it is important to fill it with soil to the brim and immediately fill it with water. After a week, the soil will shrink and the top layer will dry out. If necessary, add the missing volume of soil. During the first week, begonia does not need to be watered, but only sprayed periodically. Also carefully protect it from drafts and bright lighting.

If the begonia is not flowering, home care involves periodically pruning the branches of the plant. Especially after the transplant. This approach helps to create beautiful bushes and decorative forms.

Reproduction of an overseas beauty

This unique tropical flower reproduces in several ways:

• method of sowing seeds;
• tuber division;
• cuttings;
• dividing bushes;
• cutting the rhizome.

The most suitable period for breeding begonias is spring or the first month of summer.

Sowing seeds

It is recommended to sow seeds at the end of winter or in the first week of March. They are scattered on the ground in a special container. Without covering the top with earth, cover it with glass and take it to a warm, bright place. You can water the surface with a sprayer.

When the third leaf appears, the begonia is picked for the first time. 2 months later the second one. The begonias are then transplanted into separate pots where they take root. If there is a lack of light, additional lighting is used.

The sooner you sow the seeds, the faster the begonia will bloom.

Tuber division

This propagation method is performed by cutting the begonia tuber into pieces. The cut areas are sprinkled with charcoal to dry them. After this, they are germinated in flower vases or boxes.

Cuttings

Cuttings for propagation must have at least 3 leaves. Be sure to sprinkle the sections with powdered activated carbon. The plant takes root in 1 month at a temperature of 21 degrees and high humidity.

Dividing bushes

This method is used for bush species of begonia. The whole bush along with the root is cut into pieces. Then they are planted in separate flower vases.

Cutting the rhizome

This method is important to use in the spring, when replanting a plant. It is advisable to cut the rhizome so that you get a shoot with a root and a bud. Each part is planted in a separate pot.

The sad reality is illness

How sad it is to watch when a begonia loses unopened flower buds or leaves. Sometimes this is due to dry air, lack of water or light. Such problems are easily solved.

But when the plant is infested with spider mites or aphids, more effort is required. The insects settle on the back side of the leaf and, like a cancer cell, feed on the sap of the plant. To rid begonia of pests, it is recommended to spray diseased leaves with special substances.

Begonia, of course, will not be able to thank its owner for his attention and care. But it will thoroughly clean the air in the room. Will give positive emotions during flowering. Will decorate your home interior or garden in an original way. It will also remind you of the beauty of the earthly paradise that once existed on earth.

Rules for caring for tuberous begonia - video

Begonia is one of the most spectacular and elegant house plants. Her flowers are like porcelain; once you see them, it is difficult to confuse them with something else. It is planted in flower beds, parks, gardens and squares. There are about 1000 varieties of begonia in the world and several times more hybrid varieties. There are no two identical flowerpots, each of them is very individual.

general characteristics

Begonia received its name in honor of Michel Begon, a famous botanist and quartermaster of the French fleet. This is a large and diverse family, so the varieties differ significantly from each other: herbaceous and bushy, semi-bushy, creeping, tuberous, annual and perennial.

Separately, there are decorative species, notable for their large bright flowers. And separately - deciduous, with rich bright foliage in rich colors.

The stems of bushy varieties resemble bamboo. They are resilient and erect. In creeping begonias they are thin and flexible. Rhizomatous ones are thick and mundane. Beautifully flowering begonias are mainly grown in gardens.

Types of begonia

There is no single generally accepted classification of begonias. They are divided by appearance, by the type of rhizome, type of stems, and by growing in pots or open ground.

Royal begonia

A leafy variety native to India is considered one of the most beautiful among all the hundreds and thousands of varieties. It's all about the spectacular leaves of unusual color: crimson, bronze, violet-scarlet. Their size reaches 20x30 cm.

The surface is spotted, with veins and complex transitions. There are hybrid forms with almost black plates. But the flowers of the Royal Begonia are unremarkable. They are small and rather inconspicuous.

Caroline begonia

This is one of the most unusual and at the same time most domestic varieties; it came from Mexico. Wide creeping shoots are covered with original palmately dissected elongated leaves with jagged edges and pronounced veins.

Flowers are collected in loose inflorescences. They are quite pale, pinkish-green, but look very interesting against the background of rich foliage.

Tiger begonia

The Mexican variety got its name due to the characteristic color of the leaves. The plates themselves are pale green, but dark spots-stripes radiate from the veins.

Tiger begonia are low shrubs with creeping stems. It is absolutely decorative and is almost never found in the wild.

Coral begonia

The species received its name for the delicate coral shade of peduncles and inflorescences collected in a brush. This is a Brazilian subshrub that, under favorable conditions, can grow up to a meter. The shoots are tough and erect.

The front side of the leaves is dark with silver spots, and the back is pale. The plate itself is of an elongated, pointed shape.

Everblooming begonia

This is the most popular garden variety of begonias in the form of a neat small bush up to half a meter. The plant acquires this form over time. Young shoots are erect.

The leaves are round, dense, bright and with a little fluff. Most often they are dark, deep green, but sometimes they are pale and reddish.

Depending on the variety, the flowers can be regular or double. They quickly fade, but are almost instantly replaced by new ones, so this begonia can bloom all year round.

Ampelous begonia

Ampelous begonia is the queen of arches, balconies and terraces. It grows in picturesque hanging cascades and is grown in baskets or flowerpots.

Shades of flowers - almost any, in white-red-yellow tones. They can be of different sizes and textures, from smooth to dense.

Begonia Elatior

This is a delicate and graceful hybrid, ideal for home seedlings. It pleases with its abundant and frequent flowering, compact size and neat appearance of the bush.

Small, up to 8 cm, heart-shaped leaves grow on fleshy shoots. Their front side is shiny, and the back is matte, almost velvety.

Begonia care

Begonia is quite unpretentious, but it needs stability. This is the only way the flower really reveals itself in all its glory. Flowering varieties can delight with a riot of colors throughout the year. And lush and lush deciduous species look luxurious in green corners.

Temperature

Begonia is a heat-loving plant. In summer, she feels best at a temperature of 20-23 degrees. In winter, do not allow hypothermia below 15-16.

Due to their love for tropical climates, flowers need moisture. But spraying the leaves is not recommended. This causes them to deteriorate and become stained.

Use an air humidifier or an additional tray filled with wet expanded clay. This way the begonia will have enough moisture and the root system will remain safe.

Lighting

The more sunlight, the better. Especially for brightly flowering species. But remember that begonia leaves are delicate. Shade them from too aggressive direct rays.

But deciduous varieties are not so demanding - diffused light from eastern or western windows is enough for them.

Watering

Begonia needs abundant watering. Especially in hot summer. But don’t let the water stagnate: more often is better, but less. Before watering again, wait until the top layer of soil dries out. Use only distilled water.

In winter, begonia is dormant, so watering is reduced. And tuberous varieties even go dormant. They need to be placed in peat and not touched at all.

Fertilizers and fertilizing

Fertilizers need to be applied when the begonia has already bloomed. It takes a lot of resources to support such beauty. Use additives and admixtures once every 2 weeks after the first flowers appear. Just keep in mind that mixtures with nitrogen are only suitable for deciduous species.

Trimming

To form a lush crown, begonia needs to be periodically pruned. Start at the young flower stage. Just periodically cut off the top, this stimulates the growth of side branches.

In the future, repeat the procedure as necessary. Trim only dry or overgrown stems. If you want, the begonia crown can be shaped - then pruning is done based on the desired result.

Planting and propagation

Begonia is propagated by all standard methods: division, cuttings and stems. But different species have their own nuances. Be sure to familiarize yourself with them in advance, otherwise the begonia will not bloom.

It's easiest with tuberous varieties. It is enough to trim, separate and replant the tubers in the sand mixture in February-May. Just keep in mind that they germinate and take root slowly.

Any soil mixture for deciduous plants is suitable for planting begonias. She is not demanding in this matter. There is no need for regular transplantation. This must be done as the flower grows, so that the root system is comfortable in the flowerpot.

Pest and disease control

The set of typical begonia problems is standard for deciduous flowering plants.

Excess moisture causes fungal diseases and powdery mildew. Check the core of the bush, usually the problem starts there. For treatment, remove all damaged fragments, reduce watering and treat the flower with antifungal drugs;

If the begonia does not bloom or the buds fall off, it is most likely cold, windy or not enough light. Try to change the place and not be overzealous with feeding;

Yellowing leaves mean that the begonia does not have enough moisture or fertilizer. Sometimes this is a symptom of pests that are destroying the roots. Then you need to clean the rhizome, disinfect it with potassium permanganate and transplant the flower into new soil.

Begonia – photo

Several photos are unable to convey all the beauty and diversity of begonia species. But we have put together this collection for inspiration and are happy to share it with you!